User Guide to Thresholds and Classification - Environmental ...

23User Guide for Thresholds and Classificationsiii.significantly exceeds that from a single package or article; or violent disruption and the scatteringof the confining material, when a stack of explosive articles or packages of an explosivesubstance is tested as prescribed in test type (b) of Test Series 6, section 16.5, pp 151–152, ofthe UN Manual of Tests and Criteria (test criteria are in para 16.5.1.8); ora substantial proportion of the articles or packages explode when a stack of explosive articles orpackages are subjected to fire as prescribed in test type (c) of Test Series 6, section 16.6, pp153–156, of the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria (test criteria are in para 16.6.1.4.2).b. Subclass 1.2 – substances and articles that have a projection hazardSubstances and articles that have a ‗projection hazard‘ but not a mass explosion hazard, asevidenced by the failure to show the criteria for mass explosion (para (a) above), but when a stack ofexplosives articles or packages is subjected to fire as prescribed in test type (c) of Test Series 6,section 16.6, pp 153–156, of the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria, demonstrate either of:i. perforation of any of the three witness screens; orii. metallic projection with a kinetic energy exceeding 20 J, as assessed by the distance–massrelation given in Figure 16.6.1.1 in the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria.(These criteria are in section 16.6.1.4.3 of the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria.)c. Subclass 1.3 – substances and articles that have a fire hazard and either a minor blast hazard or aminor projection hazard or both, but not a mass explosion hazardSubstances and articles which have a ‗fire hazard‘ and either a minor blast hazard or a minorprojection hazard or both, but not a mass explosion hazard, as evidenced by a failure to show thecriteria for mass explosion or projection hazards (paras (a) and (b) above), but, when a stack ofexplosive articles or packages is subjected to fire as prescribed in test type (c) of Test Series 6,section 16.6, pp 153–156, of the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria, demonstrate any one of thefollowing criteria.i. A fireball or jet of flame extending beyond any of the three witness screens.ii. A fiery projection emanating from the product is thrown more than 15 m from the edges of thepackages or unpackaged articles.iii. A burning time of the product measured to be less than 35 seconds for 100 kg of net explosivemass. (Alternatively, in the case of articles and low energy substances, the irradiance of theburning product exceeds that of the test fire by more than 4 kW/m2 at a distance of 15 m from theedge of the packages or unpackaged articles. The irradiance is measured over 5 seconds, duringthe period of maximum output.)(These criteria are in section 16.6.1.4.4 of the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria.)d. Subclass 1.4 – substances and articles that present no significant explosive hazardSubstances and articles that present ‗no significant hazard‘, as evidenced by a failure to show thecriteria for mass explosion, projection hazard, or fire hazard (paras (a)–(c) above), but, when a stackof explosive articles or packages are subjected to fire as prescribed in test type (c) of Test Series 6,January 2012 EPA0109