Residential Traffic Guidebook - City of Bellevue

CITY OF BELLEVUEResidentialTrafficGuidebookBELLEVUENEIGHBORHOODTRAFFICSAFETYSERVICESTRANSPORTATIOND E P A R T M E N T

Welcome!Thank you for taking an interest in improving trafficsafety in your neighborhood. Daily traffic and parkingproblems can compromise our sense of communityand personal well-being, while safe and pleasantstreets can enhance our quality of life. Bellevue’sNeighborhood Traffic Safety Services staff is committedto working with residents to protect and preserveneighborhood livability. Through a variety of toolsand efforts, together we can make a difference. Thisguide will provide you with the tools and informationyou and your neighbors need to work with the City onaddressing traffic concerns.

Clockwise from top-left:Pedbee educates children about traffic safety; colored pavement creates a buffer around a curve; 25 mph pavement marking; parking restrictionsnear downtown; entering a residential area; school zone flashing beacon. 4

HOW THE TRAFFICSAFETY PROCESS WORKSSubmit a Request for Action online @www.bellevuewa.gov/rfa.htmYou and your neighbors become an active part in helping to identify trafficconcerns, develop recommendations, and implement solutions.Step 1Submit a Request for Action form describing your concerns in as much detail aspossible including if there is a specific time of day or day of the week you notice theproblem to be at its worst. The more information we have as we assess the situation,the better prepared we are to address your concern.Step 2Staff travel to the location and review traffic conditions. They may conduct speed andvolume counts and/or look at previous traffic studies or reported accidents.Step 3A Traffic Action Plan is developed. This plan is specifically tailored to your concernbased on the findings in step 2 and other citizen observations. The plan includes alist of tools selected from those available in this guidebook which are best suited toaddress your concerns.Step 4Together, citizens work with staff on implementing the Traffic Action Plan. This isyour opportunity to become an active partner in helping to solve your neighborhoodtraffic concerns.Step 5The effectiveness of the plan is evaluated through additional follow-up studies andcitizen input, if needed.5 easysteps6City of BellevueResidential Traffic Guidebook

WHAT TYPES OF TOOLS ARE AVAILABLE?There are a number of tools that have been identified to address specific traffic conditionsoccurring in your neighborhood. These tools are categorized into three areas:Education, Encouragement, and EnforcementEducating the community on transportation issues is an important first step in addressing trafficconcerns in neighborhoods. One of the most frequent comments made to the TransportationDepartment is the need to address speeding along residential streets. Our studies show thatthe majority of speeders on neighborhood streets in Bellevue are local residents. By educatingthe community and encouraging safe driving, we can begin to change driver behavior andreduce vehicle speeds. Enforcement, such as police citations, can also help to alleviate speedingconcerns.Modifying StreetscapePhysically changing how the road looks—whether with signing, curbing, or other traffic calmingt lsmeasures—works to alter the behavior of motorists, pedestrians, and bicyclists. These toolshelp to manage traffic volumes, reduce vehicle speeds, and improve sight distance. Engaging thecommunity in developing the Traffic Action Plan and garnering support is key to the success ofany project that modifies the streetscape.ParkingParking availability in neighborhoods is often affected by non-resident vehicles parked in areasadjacent to businesses, schools, and other public facilities. These tools reduce spillover parkingby restricting the use of on-street parking.City of BellevueResidential Traffic Guidebook7

Clockwise from top-left:A speed hump in a neighborhood; Pedbee teaches school children about traffic safety; students walk to school; a median helps identify the entranceto a neighborhood; a school child helps families safely cross the street; a raised crosswalk is combined with a median to provide mid-street safety;curb extensions and a traffic circle narrow the roadway; a landscaped median brightens up the neighborhoodCity of BellevueResidential Traffic Guidebook8

TRAFFIC SAFETYTOOLKITPage1313141415151616Education, Encouragement,and EnforcementNeighborhood Speed Watch ProgramNeighborhood Traffic Safety NewslettersPedbee Education ProgramPortable Radar DollyRadar TrailerSign and Pledge ProgramTraffic EnforcementTrips to SchoolSLOWManage Traffic VolumeReduce ExcessiveVehicle SpeedsImprove Pedestrianand Bicycle SafetyEnhance NeighborhoodIdentityEducate the CommunityManage NeighborhoodParkingHeighten School ZoneAwarenessPage17192123252729313335373941434547495153Page555657Modifying StreetscapeBrush TrimmingChicanes/Slow PointsCurb ExtensionsFull ClosureLane StripingMediansNeighborhood EntrancesPartial ClosureRaised Crosswalk“Residential Area” SignsSchool Zone Flashing BeaconsSpeed CushionsSpeed DotsSpeed HumpsSpeed Limit Pavement MarkingsSpeed MoundsSplit Speed HumpsStationary Radar SignTraffic CirclesParkingGeneral Parking RestrictionsGood Neighbor Parking ProgramResidential Parking Zone (RPZ)Traffic conditions are different for each location resulting in numerous tools that can addressyour specific neighborhood concern. In addition, some tools are only applied after guidelineshave been met. The above chart lists the tools available to residents. The presence of a blackdot ( ) indicates which tools best address a specific area of concern. For each tool, specificinformation and guidelines for their use are defined on subsequent pages.City of BellevueResidential Traffic Guidebook9

IMPLEMENTING TOOLSFor each tool, a set of guidelines has been established based on the level of public participationneeded, requirements needed to approve the tool, and traffic considerations.PUBLICPARTICIPATIONREQUESTOR For most tools, there is an expectation that the person whosubmits a traffic safety concern will work alongside City staff to resolve theissue and serve as the conduit between the City and his/her neighbors.TRAFFIC COMMITTEES are groups of resident volunteers who meet withCity staff on an ongoing basis and help develop neighborhood-wide plans.Traffic Committee members attend Traffic Committee meetings, becomeknowledgeable about City policies and guidelines as they relate to trafficcalming, and share information with their neighbors. In general, the timecommitment for Traffic Committee members is approximately 20-30 hours.COMMUNITY AND NEIGHBORHOOD ASSOCIATIONS are often asked toparticipate in the traffic safety process when tools affect the neighborhoodas a whole. Board members help to share information with theneighborhood and/or may assign a member to the Traffic Committee.SCHOOL ADMINISTRATION/PTSAs assist with implementation of trafficsafety programs at the local school.City of BellevueResidential Traffic Guidebook 10

APPROVALREQUIREMENTSNOTIFICATION of a project is needed when tools minimally impactadjacent properties, such as the installation of signs.ADJACENT PROPERTY support is needed whenever a tool, such asspeed humps, directly impacts a property. This support is neededbefore a project moves to the next step.MAJORITY NEIGHBORHOOD SUPPORT (65%) is needed when a toolwill impact a community at large. Through a voting process, 65% ofhouseholds must show support by returning their ballots.SCHOOL DISTRICT support may be needed if a project is adjacent to oraffects the traffic operations of a school.TRAFFICCONSIDERATIONSVEHICLE SPEEDS listed in the tools are minimum 85th percentilespeeds required for that tool to be effective; this means 85% of thevehicles are traveling at or below a specific speed.AVERAGE DAILY TRAFFIC refers to the average number of vehiclespassing a specific point during a 24-hour period. There are minimumtraffic volumes and maximum volumes for when certain tools may beimplemented.EMERGENCY RESPONSE TIME is the time it takes for Fire/Police torespond in an emergency. Some tools that modify the streetscape willimpact the response time of emergency vehicles from 1-9 seconds.Tools will be labeled as moderately or significantly impact emergencyresponse depending on the delay caused.City of BellevueResidential Traffic Guidebook 11

ADDITIONAL CONSIDERATIONSIn addition to the guidelines listed on the previous pages, the following are considerations thatapply to every tool and help to determine the appropriateness of each tool:• Is the street a school bus or transit route?• Are there adjacent arterials to divert traffic?• Is the roadway grade less than 8%?• Are there horizontal or vertical curves?• Where are driveways and intersectionslocated?• Are streetlights needed?• Are larger vehicle’s turning movementsaffected?• Are there drainage and maintenance issues?• Will parking be affected?• How many reported accidents have occurredin the area?We are always looking for ways to improve how we work with residents on traffic safety issues.As such, to ensure we are providing innovative and effective services, this document is subjectto change based on the continual review of our processes. While we make every effort tokeep the guidelines listed in this document current, there may be some instances where theguidelines are subject to change based on the specific context and location of the traffic safetyconcern, current regulations, or changes to engineering standards. Additionally, there may beopportunities for alternative tools not listed in this guidebook on a pilot basis.City of BellevueResidential Traffic Guidebook 12

EDUCATION,ENCOURAGEMENT,& ENFORCEMENTNEIGHBORHOOD SPEEDWATCH PROGRAMSpeed Watch is apublic awarenessprogram thatprovides citizenswith partnershipopportunities insolving speedingproblems in their neighborhood. Residentsmonitor the speed of vehicles with radarequipment on loan from the TransportationDepartment. NTSS staff train residents howto use the radar unit to record license platenumbers of those motorists driving at least 5mph above the posted speed limit. A letteris sent from both the Transportation andPolice Departments to the registered ownersof those vehicles informing them of theobserved violation and encourages them ordrivers of their vehicle to drive at or below theposted speed limit. Since this is a communityawareness program, no formal citations or finesare issued.PUBLIC PARTICIPATIONNEIGHBORHOOD TRAFFICSAFETY NEWSLETTERSNeighborhood TrafficVuecrest TrafficSafety NewsletterNew restrictions limit weekday parkingSafety Newsletters areIn response to growing concern overexcessive parking in the Vuecrestneighborhood. The neighborhoodrecently approved parking restrictionspublished by the Cityduring weekdays from 8am-5pm. onthe west side of the street. Residentsand non-residents alike are notpermitted to park there during thesehours. However, parking on theand contain personalizedweekends is permitted.Given the proximity to downtown,the Vuecrest neighborhood wasexperiencing a large volume ofinformation about yourvehicles parking in the neighborhoodfor the workday and walkingdowntown only to return laterin the evening.The parking restrictions will helpneighborhood’s trafficto control the amount of nonresidentparking.If you have additional traffic safetyconcerns, please do not hesitate tosafety concerns. Thiscontact NTSS!newsletter also explainsthe results of the Transportation Department’sspeed and volume studies and recommendsactions that may alleviate the traffic concern.Additionally, traffic and pedestrian safety basicsare covered. Although City staff develop thisnewsletter, the local neighborhood associationis welcome to assist with newsletter contentand distribution. Staff can also providehomeowner associations with traffic safetyarticles to include in their newsletters or ontheir website.PUBLIC PARTICIPATIONThe neighborhood association may providecontent and help to distribute the newslettersto neighborhood residents.A short 20 minute training session is providedto the requestor by city staff. The requestorcollects motorist data and submits the resultsto City staff.ManageTrafficVolumeSLOWReduceVehicleSpeedsImprovePedestrian& BicycleSafetyEnhance Educate theNeighborhood CommunityIdentityManageNeighborhoodParkingHeightenSchool ZoneAwarenessSLOWManageTrafficVolumeReduceVehicleSpeedsImprovePedestrian& BicycleSafetyEnhance Educate theNeighborhood CommunityIdentityManageNeighborhoodParkingHeightenSchool ZoneAwarenessCity of BellevueResidential Traffic Guidebook13

EDUCATION,ENCOURAGEMENT,& ENFORCEMENTPEDBEE EDUCATIONPROGRAMThe PedbeeEducationProgram teacheschildren ingrades K-5 aboutpedestrian andtraffic safety.The majority of child pedestrian injuries area result of children crossing the street in anunsafe manner such as darting out into theroadway. Taking the time to educate studentsabout traffic safety lessons is one way accidentscan be prevented. The Pedbee mascot visitsschools, leads pedestrian safety activities suchas how to properly cross a street, and hands outfun, educational workbooks.PORTABLE RADAR DOLLYA radar dolly is ahandcart equippedwith a radar unitwhich detects anddisplays the speedof passing vehicleson a digital readerboard. The radar dolly may also record thespeed and volume of passing vehicles for usein future analysis. Residents concerned aboutspeeding in their neighborhood may borrowand place the dolly in their front yard for up to2 weeks. By heightening motorists’ awarenessof the posted speed limit, as well as thespeed at which they are driving, motorists areencouraged to modify their speed accordingly.Pedbee materials are also available forcommunity use on a first-come, first-servedbasis.APPROVAL REQUIREMENTSSchool administration approval is required forin-school events.To borrow the radar dolly please visitwww.bellevuewa.gov/radardolly.htmPUBLIC PARTICIPATIONA short 20 minute training session is providedto the requestor by City staff. The requestorcoordinates with the City to arrange pick-upand drop-off times for the equipment at therequestor’s home.SLOWManageTrafficVolumeReduceVehicleSpeedsImprovePedestrian& BicycleSafetyEnhanceNeighborhoodIdentityEducate theCommunityManageNeighborhoodParkingHeightenSchool ZoneAwarenessManageTrafficVolumeSLOWReduceVehicleSpeedsImprovePedestrian& BicycleSafetyEnhance Educate theNeighborhood CommunityIdentityManageNeighborhoodParkingHeightenSchool ZoneAwarenessCity of BellevueResidential Traffic Guidebook14

EDUCATION,ENCOURAGEMENT,& ENFORCEMENTRADAR TRAILERThe radar trailer isa portable trailerequipped with aradar unit whichdetects the speed ofpassing vehicles anddisplays the speedon a reader board. Like the radar dolly, thegoal is to heighten drivers’ awareness of boththe speed at which they are traveling and theposted speed limit. This encourages drivers toadjust their speeds, if needed.Tow companies voluntarily place the radartrailers at locations experiencing frequentspeeding. An additional trailer is available byrequest. The Police Department may use thetrailer as a “speed checkpoint” and have anofficer present to issue citations to violators.PUBLIC PARTICIPATIONTo request a radar speed trailer be placed at aparticular location, call (425)452-6940.SIGN AND PLEDGEPROGRAMThis program involveslending communitiesportable signs thatencourage motoriststo respect theneighborhood, driveresponsibly, and drive 25 mph. The signs aremoved by community volunteers from placeto place throughout the neighborhood everyfew days. The second part of the program isa neighborhood pace car program. Residentswho pledge to drive responsibly and drive thespeed limit on all neighborhood streets receivemagnetic bumper stickers or window clingsto place on their vehicles. As these motoristsdrive 25 mph on residential streets, they set thepace for drivers behind them.PUBLIC PARTICIPATIONThe requestor and neighborhood volunteersare responsible for placement of signs aroundthe community. In addition, the volunteersencourage their neighbors to sign the pace carpledge. There is a 20 minute training sessionprovided by Transportation staff.SLOWAPPROVAL REQUIREMENTSManageTrafficVolumeReduceVehicleSpeedsImprovePedestrian& BicycleSafetyEnhance Educate theNeighborhood CommunityIdentityManageNeighborhoodParkingHeightenSchool ZoneAwarenessWritten neighborhood association andvolunteer support is required.SLOWManageTrafficVolumeReduceVehicleSpeedsImprovePedestrian& BicycleSafetyEnhanceNeighborhoodIdentityEducate theCommunityManageNeighborhoodParkingHeightenSchool ZoneAwarenessCity of BellevueResidential Traffic Guidebook15

EDUCATION,ENCOURAGEMENT,& ENFORCEMENTTRAFFIC ENFORCEMENTTRIPS TO SCHOOLThe TransportationDepartmentworks closelywith theBellevue PoliceDepartmentto enforcespeed limits and other traffic laws inneighborhoods. Using key traffic data providedby Transportation staff, officers focus theirscheduled patrols on the times and placeswhere speeding most often occurs. Typically,targeted enforcement occurs during a oneweektimeframe.Enforcement is also available by request.PUBLIC PARTICIPATIONTo request enforcement, go towww.bellevuewa.gov/traffic_service_request.htmor call (425)452-6940.The Trips toSchool programencourageselementaryschool studentsto walk, bike,carpool, andride the bus to and from school. City staffcoordinate with participating schools todevelop a customized plan to enhance trafficsafety for their school. The plan can includeinformational campaigns about school traveloptions, walking school buses, incentivebasedprograms, carpool coordination efforts,assemblies, opportunities for state and federalgrants, and encouraging students to walk toschool every week on a specific day.PUBLIC PARTICIPATIONA school volunteer or faculty/staff member isneeded to serve as a primary contact and bewilling to work with the City to develop andimplement the customized plan.SLOWAPPROVAL REQUIREMENTSManageTrafficVolumeReduceVehicleSpeedsImprovePedestrian& BicycleSafetyEnhance Educate theNeighborhood CommunityIdentityManageNeighborhoodParkingHeightenSchool ZoneAwarenessSchool administration approval is required.SLOWManageTrafficVolumeReduceVehicleSpeedsImprovePedestrian& BicycleSafetyEnhanceNeighborhoodIdentityEducate theCommunityManageNeighborhoodParkingHeightenSchool ZoneAwarenessCity of BellevueResidential Traffic Guidebook16

MODIFYINGSTREETSCAPEBRUSH TRIMMINGOvergrown brush and trees at intersections, driveways,sidewalks, and along roadways limits motorists’ ability tosafely navigate neighborhood streets. Overgrown brushcan block important signs and limit a driver’s ability tosee on-coming traffic at intersections. Brush trimmingtargets those trouble areas and increases the visibility ofpedestrians, bicyclists, and motorists.The City has guidelines for sight-lines based on postedspeed limits. When brush trimming is required, City staffnotify adjacent households of the concern, requestingthey do the maintenance on their own within a specifiedperiod of time. If the landscaping does not get sufficientlytrimmed back, City crews do the maintenance at theproperty owners’ expense.PUBLICPARTICIPATIONThe requestor alerts City staff to areas of concern in the neighborhood.SLOWManageTrafficVolumeCity of BellevueResidential Traffic GuidebookReduceVehicleSpeedsImprovePedestrian& BicycleSafetyEnhanceNeighborhoodIdentityEducate theCommunityManageNeighborhoodParkingHeightenSchool ZoneAwareness17

MODIFYINGSTREETSCAPEToo High(trim to lowerheight)7 1 / 2’CorrectHeightCorrectHeight30”Trim your hedge,bushes, and trees forimproved safety and visibilityCity of BellevueResidential Traffic Guidebook18

MODIFYINGSTREETSCAPECHICANES/SLOW POINTSChicanes are a series of two to three curbextensions that alternate from one side of thestreet to the other forming S-shaped curveson what would be an otherwise straightroadway. Slow points are curb extensionsthat narrow a roadway, sometimes allowingonly one car at a time to pass. This treatmentis used to reduce vehicle speeds.In some cases, this tool can be designed as aone-lane zone which allows only one vehicleat a time to pass, requiring vehicles at bothends to stop or yield before proceedingthrough. This creates delay for motorists andcan reduce cut-through traffic as a result.PUBLICPARTICIPATIONAPPROVALREQUIREMENTSTRAFFICCONSIDERATIONSThe requestor should be proactive throughout the process in assisting the City inobtaining support and should also serve as a member of the Traffic Committee, ifone is formed.Adjacent property support is needed. If this tool is part of a neighborhood-wideplan, the community will vote to determine level of support. Sixty-five percent(65%) of returned ballots must support the project for it to be designed andconstructed.• Posted speed limit of 25 mph• Vehicle speeds of >35 mph (>30 mph if adjacent to neighborhood park/school)• Average daily traffic of 300-3500 vehicles• Moderate impact to emergency responseSLOWManageTrafficVolumeCity of BellevueResidential Traffic GuidebookReduceVehicleSpeedsImprovePedestrian& BicycleSafetyEnhanceNeighborhoodIdentityEducate theCommunityManageNeighborhoodParkingHeightenSchool ZoneAwareness19

MODIFYINGSTREETSCAPECHICANES/SLOW POINTSThe circle represents thegeneral area where the slowpoint is located.A chicane/slow point islocated in the 500 blockof 128 th Ave NE and on NE5 th St between 120 th AveNE and 124 th Ave NE in theWilburton neighborhoodNMap not to scaleCity of BellevueResidential Traffic Guidebook20

MODIFYINGSTREETSCAPECURB EXTENSIONSCurb extensions narrow the roadway byextending the curb toward the center of thestreet helping to reduce vehicle speeds. Curbextensions can also be used at intersectionsor mid-block locations to increase sightdistance.They can also be installed inconjunction with speed humps to createplanting areas or raised crosswalks to shortenpedestrian crossing distances.Can also be used with: partial closure, medians, neighborhood entrance, “residential area” signs, raised crosswalks, speedhumps, traffic circlesPUBLICPARTICIPATIONAPPROVALREQUIREMENTSThe requestor should be proactive throughout the process in assisting the City inobtaining support and should also serve as a member of the Traffic Committee, ifone is formed.Adjacent property support is needed. If this tool is part of a neighborhood-wideplan, the community will vote to determine level of support. Sixty-five percent(65%) of returned ballots must support the project for it to be designed andconstructed.TRAFFICCONSIDERATIONS• Posted speed limit of 25 mph• Average daily traffic of 300-6500 vehicles• Moderate impact to emergency response• On-street parking may need to be restrictedSLOWManageTrafficVolumeCity of BellevueResidential Traffic GuidebookReduceVehicleSpeedsImprovePedestrian& BicycleSafetyEnhanceNeighborhoodIdentityEducate theCommunityManageNeighborhoodParkingHeightenSchool ZoneAwareness21

MODIFYINGSTREETSCAPECURBEXTENSIONSEach circle represents thegeneral area of wherea project included curbextensions.Example project locations:4600-4900 block of SomersetBlvd1600 block of 180 th Ave NENMap not to scaleCity of BellevueResidential Traffic Guidebook22

MODIFYINGSTREETSCAPEFULL CLOSUREA full closure physically closes a roadway in aneighborhood and is considered the most restrictiveand severe form of traffic calming. These installationseliminate or reroute cut-through traffic but come withsignificant trade-offs for residents including increasedtravel time to and from their homes. Typicallythe City installs a temporary closure to provide anopportunity for residents to live with the restrictionbefore determining if it becomes permanent.A full closure can be designed to accommodate nonmotorizedtravel such as pedestrians and bicyclists, aswell as access for emergency response vehicles.PUBLICPARTICIPATIONAPPROVALREQUIREMENTSTRAFFICCONSIDERATIONSThe requestor should be proactive throughout the process in assisting the City inobtaining support and should also serve as a member of the Traffic Committee, ifone is formed.Adjacent property support is needed. This tool significantly impacts drivingpatterns in a neighborhood by forcing residents to find alternative routes toand from their home. As a result, sixty-five percent (65%) of all households inthe neighborhood need to support the restriction. The project may include aninitial demonstration project before determining whether the closure is installedpermanently.• Posted speed limit of 25 mph• Average daily traffic >300 vehicles• During peak 2-hour period, 30% of one-direction peak-period volume shouldbe cut-through with at least 30 total vehicles cutting through.• Significant impact to emergency responseSLOWManageTrafficVolumeCity of BellevueResidential Traffic GuidebookReduceVehicleSpeedsImprovePedestrian& BicycleSafetyEnhanceNeighborhoodIdentityEducate theCommunityManageNeighborhoodParkingHeightenSchool ZoneAwareness23

MODIFYINGSTREETSCAPEFULL CLOSUREThe circle represents thegeneral area of where thefull closure is located.A full closure was built atNE 5 th St east of 92 nd AveNE in the West Bellevueneighborhood.NMap not to scaleCity of BellevueResidential Traffic Guidebook24

MODIFYINGSTREETSCAPELANE STRIPINGLane striping helps to define theroadway. Whether installed with paintor buttons, it can delineate parkingareas, travel lanes, bike lanes, and evenwalking areas. It can be used to narrowtravel lanes in an effort to reducevehicle speeds.PUBLICPARTICIPATIONAPPROVALREQUIREMENTSTRAFFICCONSIDERATIONSThe requestor should be proactive throughout the process in assisting the City inobtaining support and should also serve as a member of the Traffic Committee, ifone is formed.Adjacent property support is needed. If this tool is part of a neighborhood-wideplan, the community will vote to determine level of support. Sixty-five percent(65%) of returned ballots must support the project for it to be designed andconstructed.• Posted speed limit of 25 mph• Average daily traffic >300 vehicles• Parking may be restrictedSLOWManageTrafficVolumeCity of BellevueResidential Traffic GuidebookReduceVehicleSpeedsImprovePedestrian& BicycleSafetyEnhanceNeighborhoodIdentityEducate theCommunityManageNeighborhoodParkingHeightenSchool ZoneAwareness25

MODIFYINGSTREETSCAPELane striping can help define the roadwayalerting drivers, cyclists, and pedestrians tothe correct travel lanes.City of BellevueResidential Traffic Guidebook26

MODIFYINGSTREETSCAPEMEDIANSMedians are raised islands placed in thecenter of a roadway to separate opposingtraffic. They can be placed mid-block or atentrances into neighborhoods. Medians areused to narrow the roadway and are oftenlandscaped to provide a visual enhancementand create a perception of a narrowerroadway.They can be used in conjunction with apedestrian crossing to provide a refuge area.Can also be used with: curb extensions, neighborhood entrances, speed cushions, split speed humpsPUBLICPARTICIPATIONAPPROVALREQUIREMENTSTRAFFICCONSIDERATIONSThe requestor should be proactive throughout the process in assisting the City inobtaining support and should also serve as a member of the Traffic Committee, ifone is formed.Adjacent property support is needed. If this tool is part of a neighborhood-wideplan, the community will vote to determine level of support. Sixty-five percent(65%) of returned ballots must support the project for it to be designed andconstructed.• Posted speed limit of 25 mph• Vehicle speeds >35 mph (>30 mph if adjacent to neighborhood park/school)• Average daily traffic >300 vehicles• Limited impact to emergency response vehicles, depending on location• Should not be located where they affect driveway access• Parking may be restrictedSLOWManageTrafficVolumeCity of BellevueResidential Traffic GuidebookReduceVehicleSpeedsImprovePedestrian& BicycleSafetyEnhanceNeighborhoodIdentityEducate theCommunityManageNeighborhoodParkingHeightenSchool ZoneAwareness27

MODIFYINGSTREETSCAPEMEDIANSEach circle represents thegeneral area of wheremedians have beenconstructed.Example project locations:Multiple entrances intoSurrey Downs neighborhoodEntrances into Somersetneighborhood off Forest DrSE and Somerset DrSE and Forest Dr SEand Highland DrNMap not to scaleCity of BellevueResidential Traffic Guidebook28

MODIFYINGSTREETSCAPENEIGHBORHOODENTRANCESA neighborhood entrance is a raised islandin the center of a roadway and/or a raisedpavement treatment, such as a patternedbrick pavement, that identifies the entranceinto a neighborhood.Neighborhood entrances notify driversthat they are entering a neighborhoodor residential area and thus encourageslower vehicle speeds. They may alsodiscourage cut-through traffic. In addition,opportunities may exist for additionalenhancement by adding landscapedmedians and/or “residential area” signs.Can also be used with: curb extensions, medians, “residential area” signs, speed moundsPUBLICPARTICIPATIONAPPROVALREQUIREMENTSThe requestor should be proactive throughout the process in assisting the City inobtaining support and should also serve as a member of the Traffic Committee, ifone is formed.Adjacent property support is needed. If this tool is part of a neighborhood-wideplan, the community will vote to determine level of support. Sixty-five percent(65%) of returned ballots must support the project for it to be designed andconstructed.TRAFFICCONSIDERATIONS• Average daily traffic >300 vehicles• Parking may be restrictedSLOWManageTrafficVolumeCity of BellevueResidential Traffic GuidebookReduceVehicleSpeedsImprovePedestrian& BicycleSafetyEnhanceNeighborhoodIdentityEducate theCommunityManageNeighborhoodParkingHeightenSchool ZoneAwareness29

MODIFYINGSTREETSCAPENEIGHBORHOODENTRANCESEach circle represents thegeneral area of whereneighborhood entrances havebeen constructed.Example project locations:SE 2 nd St west of 108 th AveSE in the Surrey DownsneighborhoodN131 st Ave NEsouth of NE 8 th Stin the WilburtonneighborhoodMap not to scaleCity of BellevueResidential Traffic Guidebook30

MODIFYINGSTREETSCAPEPARTIAL CLOSUREPartial closures restrict the roadway to onedirection of travel. They limit vehicular accessinto neighborhoods while still providingresidents with either an exit or entrancedepending on the restriction.Partial closures permanently change trafficpatterns for residents within a neighborhoodsometimes resulting in longer travel times andtraffic shifts within the residential area. Designfeatures can include landscaping.Can also be used with: curb extensionsPUBLICPARTICIPATIONAPPROVALREQUIREMENTSTRAFFICCONSIDERATIONSThe requestor should be proactive throughout the process in assisting the City inobtaining support and should also serve as a member of the Traffic Committee, ifone is formed.Adjacent property support is needed. This tool significantly impacts drivingpatterns in a neighborhood by forcing residents to find alternative routes toand from their home. As a result, sixty-five percent (65%) of all households inthe neighborhood need to support the restriction. The project may include aninitial demonstration project before determining whether the closure is installedpermanently.• Posted speed limit of 25 mph• Average daily traffic >300 vehicles• During peak 2-hour period, 30% of one-direction peak-period volume shouldbe cut-through with at least 30 total vehicles cutting through.• Significant impact to emergency response• May restrict parkingSLOWManageTrafficVolumeCity of BellevueResidential Traffic GuidebookReduceVehicleSpeedsImprovePedestrian& BicycleSafetyEnhanceNeighborhoodIdentityEducate theCommunityManageNeighborhoodParkingHeightenSchool ZoneAwareness31

MODIFYINGSTREETSCAPEPARTIAL CLOSUREEach circle represents thegeneral area of where apartial closure has beenconstructed.Partial closures are locatedat NE 4 th St and 100 th Ave NEand 139 th Ave SE and SE 26 thSt.NMap not to scaleCity of BellevueResidential Traffic Guidebook32

MODIFYINGSTREETSCAPERAISED CROSSWALKA raised crosswalk is an area of roadwaypavement that has been raised approximately3” and includes a crosswalk marked on top.Raised crosswalks are typically implementedon streets where speed control at pedestriancrossings is desired, such as in school zonesor adjacent to neighborhood parks. Raisedcrosswalks can be used in conjunction withother tools such as curb extensions, whichnarrow the crossing distance for pedestrians.Can also be used with: curb extensionsPUBLICPARTICIPATIONAPPROVALREQUIREMENTSTRAFFICCONSIDERATIONSThe requestor should be proactive throughout the process in assisting the City inobtaining support and should also serve as a member of the Traffic Committee, ifone is formed.Adjacent property support is needed. If this tool is part of a neighborhood-wideplan, the community will vote to determine level of support. Sixty-five percent(65%) of returned ballots must support the project for it to be designed andconstructed.• Posted speed limit of 25 mph• Average daily traffic of 300-3500 vehicles• Significant impact to emergency response vehicles• Should not be located where they affect driveway access• Potential noise impacts from motorists traversing the raised crosswalkSLOWManageTrafficVolumeCity of BellevueResidential Traffic GuidebookReduceVehicleSpeedsImprovePedestrian& BicycleSafetyEnhanceNeighborhoodIdentityEducate theCommunityManageNeighborhoodParkingHeightenSchool ZoneAwareness33

MODIFYINGSTREETSCAPERAISEDCROSSWALKEach circle represents thegeneral area of projects thatcontained raised crosswalks.Example project locations:17600 block of NE 16 th St1800 block of 168 th Ave SENMap not to scaleCity of BellevueResidential Traffic Guidebook34

MODIFYINGSTREETSCAPE“RESIDENTIAL AREA”SIGNSBellevue’s blue “Residential Area” signs note that oneis entering a residential area. The sign is designed topromote a sense of community by showing pictures ofhomes, bicyclists, pedestrians, and vehicles. It has asupplemental plaque that states “Residential Area.”These signs are placed in areas where trafficimprovement have been implemented and/or wherethere needs to be a definition between a neighborhoodand commercial or business area.Can also be used with: neighborhood entrancePUBLICPARTICIPATIONAPPROVALREQUIREMENTSTRAFFICCONSIDERATIONSSome signing may require adjacent household support. If so, the requestorshould be proactive throughout the process of obtaining adjacent propertyowner support.Adjacent property support may be needed.• Posted speed limit of 25 mphSLOWManageTrafficVolumeCity of BellevueResidential Traffic GuidebookReduceVehicleSpeedsImprovePedestrian& BicycleSafetyEnhanceNeighborhoodIdentityEducate theCommunityManageNeighborhoodParkingHeightenSchool ZoneAwareness35

MODIFYINGSTREETSCAPE“RESIDENTIALAREA” SIGNSEach circle represents thegeneral area of where“residential area” signs havebeen installed.Example project locations:131 st Ave NE south of NE8 th St in the WilburtonneighborhoodNMap not to scaleCity of BellevueResidential Traffic Guidebook36

MODIFYINGSTREETSCAPESCHOOL ZONEFLASHING BEACONSTo reinforce reduced speed limits near schools,Bellevue posts flashing yellow beacons nearsome elementary schools, as funding allows.These signs are installed in school zonesalerting drivers to slow to 20 mph duringschool start and dismissal times. Typically,the signs are programmed to flash 30 minutesbefore start time and 10 minutes following. Fordismissal, they begin to flash 10 minutes beforedismissal time and 30 minutes following.School zones are defined as 300 feet fromschool property or a marked school crosswalk.Traffic fines in school zones are double.Can also be used with: stationary radar signPUBLICPARTICIPATIONAPPROVALREQUIREMENTSSchools or school districts can qualify for traffic safety grants when available.Residents are notified when school zone flashing beacons are installed.SLOWManageTrafficVolumeCity of BellevueResidential Traffic GuidebookReduceVehicleSpeedsImprovePedestrian& BicycleSafetyEnhanceNeighborhoodIdentityEducate theCommunityManageNeighborhoodParkingHeightenSchool ZoneAwareness37

MODIFYINGSTREETSCAPESCHOOL ZONEFLASHINGBEACONSEach circle represents thegeneral area of whereflashing beacons have beenconstructed around schools.There are usually multiplebeacons adjacent to eachschool.Example project locations:Phantom Lake Elementaryand Newport Hills ElementaryNMap not to scaleCity of BellevueResidential Traffic Guidebook38

MODIFYINGSTREETSCAPESPEED CUSHIONSSpeed cushions are different from speedhumps in that they have gaps to allow for theexpedient passing of emergency vehicles.Typically speed cushions consist of two ormore raised and rounded areas of pavementplaced laterally across a road. There aregaps for emergency vehicles to pass throughwithout significant jostling or displacement.Non-emergency vehicles are generally toonarrow to travel through the gaps and mustdrive over the bump helping to reducevehicle speeds.Can also be used with: mediansPUBLICPARTICIPATIONAPPROVALREQUIREMENTSTRAFFICCONSIDERATIONSThe requestor should be proactive throughout the process in assisting the City inobtaining support and should also serve as a member of the Traffic Committee, ifone is formed.Adjacent property support is needed. If this tool is part of a neighborhood-wideplan, the community will vote to determine level of support. Sixty-five percent(65%) of returned ballots must support the project for it to be designed andconstructed.• Posted speed limit of 25 mph• Vehicle speeds >35 mph (>30 mph if adjacent to neighborhood park/school)• Average daily traffic of 300-3500 vehicles• Moderate impact to emergency response vehicles• Should not be located where they affect driveway access• Potential noise impacts from motorists traversing the speed cushionSLOWManageTrafficVolumeCity of BellevueResidential Traffic GuidebookReduceVehicleSpeedsImprovePedestrian& BicycleSafetyEnhanceNeighborhoodIdentityEducate theCommunityManageNeighborhoodParkingHeightenSchool ZoneAwareness39

MODIFYINGSTREETSCAPESPEED CUSHIONSThe circle represents thegeneral area of wherethe speed cushion wasconstructed as part of aproject. A speed cushionwas built at NE 30 th St and164 th Ave NE.NMap not to scaleCity of BellevueResidential Traffic Guidebook40

MODIFYINGSTREETSCAPESPEED DOTSA speed dot is a small circular or oval island locatedin the center of the road at mid-block locations. Itreduces vehicle speeds by narrowing the roadwayand redirecting vehicles around the circle. Theeffect on vehicle speeds depends on the roadwaywidth, in addition to the size and number of speeddots. They can be used in a series resulting in araised median effect but includes better drivewayaccess. They can also be landscaped.PUBLICPARTICIPATIONAPPROVALREQUIREMENTSTRAFFICCONSIDERATIONSThe requestor should be proactive throughout the process in assisting the City inobtaining support and should also serve as a member of the Traffic Committee, ifone is formed.Adjacent property support is needed. If this tool is part of a neighborhood-wideplan, the community will vote to determine level of support. Sixty-five percent(65%) of returned ballots must support the project for it to be designed andconstructed.• Posted speed limit of 25 mph• Vehicle speeds >35 mph (>30 mph if adjacent to neighborhood park/school)• Average daily traffic of 300-3500 vehicles• Moderate impact to emergency response vehicles• Should not be located where they affect driveway access• May restrict parking• May require removal of some landscaping in the right-of-way of adjacent yardsSLOWManageTrafficVolumeCity of BellevueResidential Traffic GuidebookReduceVehicleSpeedsImprovePedestrian& BicycleSafetyEnhanceNeighborhoodIdentityEducate theCommunityManageNeighborhoodParkingHeightenSchool ZoneAwareness41

MODIFYINGSTREETSCAPESPEED DOTSThe circle represents thegeneral area of where thespeed dot was constructed.Speed dots were built at 108 thAve NE between NE 10 th Stand NE 24 th St and on 108 thAve SE south of SE 60 th St.NMap not to scaleCity of BellevueResidential Traffic Guidebook42

MODIFYINGSTREETSCAPESPEED HUMPSSpeed humps (also known as speed bumps) have beenused in the City of Bellevue since 1985 as a techniqueto reduce vehicle speeds. A speed hump is a raisedarea of roadway pavement approximately 3 inchesin height. They are different from the more severespeed humps you may find in a parking lot. A speedhump causes a vehicle to produce a rocking motion,creating an uncomfortable sensation for the occupantsof speeding vehicles thus encouraging the driver toreduce their speed. The City uses two different designsbased on roadway characteristics. The first is a 12’ long (in the direction of travel) with a gentle rise to3 inches at the center and the other a 22’ long design that is 3” in height, with a 10’ flat top. The latterdesign is used for raised crosswalks and in areas with transit and higher traffic volumes.Can also be used with: curb extensionsPUBLICPARTICIPATIONAPPROVALREQUIREMENTSTRAFFICCONSIDERATIONSThe requestor should be proactive throughout the process in assisting the City inobtaining support and should also serve as a member of the Traffic Committee, ifone is formed.Adjacent property support is needed. If this tool is part of a neighborhood-wideplan, the community will vote to determine level of support. Sixty-five percent(65%) of returned ballots must support the project for it to be designed andconstructed.• Posted speed limit of 25 mph• Vehicle speeds >35 mph (>30 mph if adjacent to neighborhood park/school)• Average daily traffic of 300-3500 vehicles• Significant impact to emergency response vehicles• School bus or transit route• Potential noise impacts from motorists traversing the speed humpSLOWManageTrafficVolumeCity of BellevueResidential Traffic GuidebookReduceVehicleSpeedsImprovePedestrian& BicycleSafetyEnhanceNeighborhoodIdentityEducate theCommunityManageNeighborhoodParkingHeightenSchool ZoneAwareness43

MODIFYINGSTREETSCAPESPEED HUMPSSpeed humps vary in widththroughout Bellevue: 12’ or 22’.Each circle represents thegeneral area of where speedhumps were constructed.Example project locations:NE 2 nd St between 124 th AveNE and 128 th Ave NE in theWilburton neighborhoodNMap not to scaleCity of BellevueResidential Traffic Guidebook44

MODIFYINGSTREETSCAPESPEED LIMITPAVEMENT MARKINGSThe City uses pavement markings noting “25MPH” at locations where drivers may need tobe reminded of the posted speed limit. Thesepavement markings are typically eight feet longand are either painted onto the pavement orapplied with a special tape. Locations are selectedbased on field review and speed study results.PUBLICPARTICIPATIONAPPROVALREQUIREMENTSTRAFFICCONSIDERATIONSThe requestor should be proactive throughout the process in assisting the City inobtaining support.Residents are notified when speed limit pavement markings are installed.• Posted speed limit of 25 mph• Vehicle speeds >30 mphSLOWManageTrafficVolumeCity of BellevueResidential Traffic GuidebookReduceVehicleSpeedsImprovePedestrian& BicycleSafetyEnhanceNeighborhoodIdentityEducate theCommunityManageNeighborhoodParkingHeightenSchool ZoneAwareness45

MODIFYINGSTREETSCAPE164th Ave SESPEED LIMITPAVEMENT MARKINGSThe City of Bellevue hasinstalled numerous 25mph pavement markingsthroughout the city.90Shown are some examplesof markings that are installedthroughout the city.NMap not to scaleCity of BellevueResidential Traffic Guidebook46

MODIFYINGSTREETSCAPESPEED MOUNDSSpeed mounds are slightly raised areasof pavement that guides drivers througha designated area. Unlike traffic circleswhich force drivers around the device,speed mounds allow vehicles to pass overthe raised pavement. They may be builtwith colored and/or textured pavement.Speeds mounds are used as an alternativeto curb extensions or medians and aresuccessful when existing driveways andturning movements restrict physical curbedtreatments, such as traffic circles.Can also be used with: curb extensions, neighborhood entrancePUBLICPARTICIPATIONAPPROVALREQUIREMENTSTRAFFICCONSIDERATIONSThe requestor should be proactive throughout the process in assisting the City inobtaining support and should also serve as a member of the Traffic Committee, ifone is formed.Adjacent property support is needed. If this tool is part of a neighborhood-wideplan, the community will vote to determine level of support. Sixty-five percent(65%) of returned ballots must support the project for it to be designed andconstructed.• Posted speed limit of 25 mph• Vehicle speeds >35 mph (>30 mph if adjacent to neighborhood park/school)• Average daily traffic of 300-3500 vehicles• Moderate impact to emergency response vehicles• School bus or transit routeSLOWManageTrafficVolumeCity of BellevueResidential Traffic GuidebookReduceVehicleSpeedsImprovePedestrian& BicycleSafetyEnhanceNeighborhoodIdentityEducate theCommunityManageNeighborhoodParkingHeightenSchool ZoneAwareness47

MODIFYINGSTREETSCAPESPEED MOUNDSThere is one speed moundin Bellevue, located in theWilburton neighborhood at128 th Ave SE and SE 4 th Pl.NMap not to scaleCity of BellevueResidential Traffic Guidebook48

MODIFYINGSTREETSCAPESPLIT SPEED HUMPSSplit speed humps are modified speed humpsthat allow emergency vehicles to navigate aroundsplit speed humps without much delay. Motoriststhat are not associated with the Fire Departmentare directed to travel over the speed hump.Split speed humps are appropriate tools forstreets that are a designated emergencyresponse route or where many traffic calmingmeasures, such as traditionally-designed speedhumps, cannot be installed. As a result, asplit speed hump does not unduly impact theFire Department. Split speed humps containlandscaped medians as part of the project.Can also be used with: mediansPUBLICPARTICIPATIONAPPROVALREQUIREMENTSTRAFFICCONSIDERATIONSThe requestor should be proactive throughout the process in assisting the City inobtaining support and should also serve as a member of the Traffic Committee, ifone is formed.Adjacent property support is needed. If this tool is part of a neighborhood-wideplan, the community will vote to determine level of support. Sixty-five percent(65%) of returned ballots must support the project for it to be designed andconstructed.• Posted speed limit of 25 mph• Vehicle speeds >35 mph (>30 mph if adjacent to neighborhood park/school)• Average daily traffic of 300-3500 vehicles• Moderate impact to emergency response vehicles• School bus or transit route• Potential noise impacts from motorists traversing the split speed humpsSLOWManageTrafficVolumeCity of BellevueResidential Traffic GuidebookReduceVehicleSpeedsImprovePedestrian& BicycleSafetyEnhanceNeighborhoodIdentityEducate theCommunityManageNeighborhoodParkingHeightenSchool ZoneAwareness49

MODIFYINGSTREETSCAPESPLIT SPEEDHUMPSThere is one split speedhump in Bellevue located atSE 60 th St and 116 th Ave SE.NMap not to scaleCity of BellevueResidential Traffic Guidebook50

MODIFYINGSTREETSCAPESTATIONARYRADAR SIGNStationary radar signs direct a driver’s attention to theposted speed limit and digitally display the speed of thedriver’s vehicle on a large message board. This instantfeedback results in a greater awareness of the speedlimit and encourages motorists to adjust their speedaccordingly, if needed. Typically, these signs are installedwhere other physical traffic calming measures are notappropriate. These installations have been shown toreduce vehicle speeds by 6-8 mph.Locations are selected based on prioritized scoringcriteria and available funding. Scoring criteria considersvehicle speed, traffic volume, street conditions, proximity to parks and schools, and reported accidenthistory.After locations are determined, residents in the proposed locations for the sign must support theinstallation through a balloting process before proceeding to final design and construction.Can also be used with: school zone flashing beaconsPUBLICPARTICIPATIONAPPROVALREQUIREMENTSTRAFFICCONSIDERATIONSThe requestor should be proactive throughout the process in assisting the City inobtaining support and should also serve as a member of the Traffic Committee, ifone is formed.Adjacent property support is needed and 65% of responding households in theaffected area must support installation of the sign.• Score based on predetermined criteria• Should be placed where on-street parking is minimalSLOWManageTrafficVolumeCity of BellevueResidential Traffic GuidebookReduceVehicleSpeedsImprovePedestrian& BicycleSafetyEnhanceNeighborhoodIdentityEducate theCommunityManageNeighborhoodParkingHeightenSchool ZoneAwareness51

MODIFYINGSTREETSCAPESTATIONARYRADAR SIGNSEach circle represents thegeneral area of wherestationary radar signs arelocated.Example project locations:100 th Ave NE north andsouth of NE 16 th St and alongLakemont Blvd SE near LewisCreek ParkNMap not to scaleCity of BellevueResidential Traffic Guidebook52

MODIFYINGSTREETSCAPETRAFFIC CIRCLESA traffic circle is a raised circular islandlocated in the center of an intersection. Thisdesign requires vehicles to keep right andtravel through the intersection in a counterclockwisedirection around the island.The shape and size of the traffic circle isdetermined by the size of the intersection.Traffic circles can be placed at four-leggedand three-legged intersections. Installationsof traffic circles can be very effective atreducing the number of vehicle collisions atan intersection.Can also be used with: curb extensionsPUBLICPARTICIPATIONAPPROVALREQUIREMENTSTRAFFICCONSIDERATIONSThe requestor should be proactive throughout the process in assisting the City inobtaining support and should also serve as a member of the Traffic Committee, ifone is formed.Adjacent property support is needed. If this tool is part of a neighborhood-wideplan, the community will vote to determine level of support. Sixty-five percent(65%) of returned ballots must support the project for it to be designed andconstructed.• Posted speed limit of 25 mph• Vehicle speeds >35 mph (>30 mph if adjacent to neighborhood park/school)• Average daily traffic of 300-3500 vehicles• Significant impact to emergency response vehicles• School bus or transit route• May require parking restrictionsSLOWManageTrafficVolumeCity of BellevueResidential Traffic GuidebookReduceVehicleSpeedsImprovePedestrian& BicycleSafetyEnhanceNeighborhoodIdentityEducate theCommunityManageNeighborhoodParkingHeightenSchool ZoneAwareness53

MODIFYINGSTREETSCAPETRAFFIC CIRCLESEach circle represents thegeneral area of where a trafficcircle has been constructed.Example project locations:104 th Ave SE and SE 10 th St inthe Enatai neighborhoodSE 46 th Way and 161 st Ave SEin the Whispering HeightsneighborhoodNMap not to scaleCity of BellevueResidential Traffic Guidebook54

PARKINGGENERAL PARKINGRESTRICTIONSParking restrictions are installed in neighborhoods for avariety of reasons, such as for sight-distance issues near anintersection, limited roadway widths, and spillover parkingfrom businesses, schools, or parks. These restrictions donot allow any vehicles to park in these areas during thetime indicated on the signs. Parking in these areas is alsorestricted to residents.PUBLICPARTICIPATIONThe requestor should be proactive throughout the process in assisting the City inobtaining support.APPROVALREQUIREMENTSTRAFFICCONSIDERATIONSIf sign installation is based on safety, no adjacent property support is neededand City staff will proceed. If the restrictions are non-safety related, 100%of adjacent property support is needed through a ballot.• Nature of parking concernSLOWManageTrafficVolumeCity of BellevueResidential Traffic GuidebookReduceVehicleSpeedsImprovePedestrian& BicycleSafetyEnhanceNeighborhoodIdentityEducate theCommunityManageNeighborhoodParkingHeightenSchool ZoneAwareness55

PARKINGGOOD NEIGHBORPARKING PROGRAMWhen parking issues in the neighborhood ariseas a result of a single establishment, such as achurch, school, or business, it helps when bothsides are willing to work to find solutions. TheGood Neighbor Parking Program seeks to manageparking demand and supply, decrease the numberof auto trips generated, and to lessen spilloverparking impacts on the neighborhood.The City works with the establishment andsuggests solutions that can be implemented suchas better drop off/pick up routes, pursuing sharedparking agreements with adjacent or nearbybusiness, and incentives to promote alternativesto driving like carpooling and taking the bus.PUBLICPARTICIPATIONAPPROVALREQUIREMENTSCooperation is the key for the Good Neighbor Parking Program to work. Thebusiness generating the traffic must be willing to be a “good neighbor” and putforth the effort to enforce consequences if there are violations.Good neighbor agreements work best when they are reciprocal. Theestablishment owner agrees to be responsive to neighborhood concerns, butit helps when the neighbors do what they can to help the business succeed. Ifparking restrictions are required, adjacent properties need to agree to havethem in the neighborhood before the signs are installed.SLOWManageTrafficVolumeCity of BellevueResidential Traffic GuidebookReduceVehicleSpeedsImprovePedestrian& BicycleSafetyEnhanceNeighborhoodIdentityEducate theCommunityManageNeighborhoodParkingHeightenSchool ZoneAwareness56

PARKINGRESIDENTIALPARKING ZONEA Residential Permit Parking Zone (RPZ) is an area establishedby a city ordinance to restrict non-residential parking onneighborhood streets. Unlike general parking restrictions,residents and their guests are exempt from the RPZ restrictionsif they are parking legally and displaying an RPZ permit.RPZ restrictions are common for neighborhoods adjacent tocommercial areas, including downtown Bellevue and aroundhigh schools.PUBLICPARTICIPATIONAPPROVALREQUIREMENTSThe requestor and/or the neighborhood association submits a written requestdescribing the problem and its location. A ballot is circulated to determine if65% of all households in the area support the restriction.65% of the neighborhood must support the implementation of a residentialparking zone. City Council must approve the ordinance before the RPZ cantake effect.SLOWManageTrafficVolumeCity of BellevueResidential Traffic GuidebookReduceVehicleSpeedsImprovePedestrian& BicycleSafetyEnhanceNeighborhoodIdentityEducate theCommunityManageNeighborhoodParkingHeightenSchool ZoneAwareness57

PARKING25415798163 111614RESIDENTIAL PARKINGZONES1 Surrey Downs2 Interlake H.S.3 Bellevue H.S.4 Bellewood5 Manor Hill6 Sammamish H.S.7 111 th Ave NE & NE 12 th St8 Main & 110th Ave SE9 West Bellevue10 Mockingbird Hill11 Kelsey Creek14 Bellevue Community College15 NE 14 th & NE 15 th between 110 thAve NE & 112 th Ave NE16 123 rd Ave NE south of NE 8 th10NMap not to scaleCity of BellevueResidential Traffic Guidebook58

INDEXTRAFFIC SAFETY BENEFITS.......................................................................................... 5HOW THE TRAFFIC SAFETY PROCESS WORKS.............................................. 6TYPES OF TOOLS AVAILABLE................................................................................... 7TRAFFIC SAFETY TOOLKIT......................................................................................... 9IMPLEMENTING TOOLS................................................................................................ 10Education, Encouragement, and EnforcementNeighborhood Speed Watch Program.............................................................. 13Neighborhood Traffic Safety Newsletters...................................................... 13Pedbee Education Program..................................................................................... 14Portable Radar Dolly................................................................................................... 14Radar Trailer..................................................................................................................... 15Sign and Pledge Program......................................................................................... 15Speed Enforcement..................................................................................................... 16Trips to School................................................................................................................ 16Modifying StreetscapeBrush Trimming.............................................................................................................. 17Chicanes/Slow Points ................................................................................................ 19Curb Extensions ........................................................................................................... 21Full Closure ....................................................................................................................... 23Lane Striping .................................................................................................................. 25Medians ............................................................................................................................ 27Neighborhood Entrances.......................................................................................... 29Partial Closure ............................................................................................................... 31Raised Crosswalk ........................................................................................................ 33“Residential Area” Signs ........................................................................................... 35School Zone Flashing Beacons.............................................................................. 37Speed Cushions ............................................................................................................ 39Speed Dots ..................................................................................................................... 41Speed Humps ................................................................................................................. 43Speed Limit Pavement Markings ....................................................................... 45Speed Mounds............................................................................................................... 47Split Speed Humps....................................................................................................... 49Stationary Radar Sign ............................................................................................... 51Traffic Circles ................................................................................................................. 53ParkingGood Neighbor Parking Program........................................................................ 55General Parking Restrictions ................................................................................ 56Residential Parking Zone (RPZ) .......................................................................... 57City of BellevueResidential Traffic Guidebook59

WHAT’S NOT IN THE TOOLKIT?SPEEDLIMIT25Will lowering the speed limit alleviate speeding in my neighborhood?Engineering studies show that speed limit signs are not the most significant factorinfluencing driver speeds. Research indicates that a reasonable and prudent driver willdrive the speed suggested by roadway and traffic conditions, to the extent of disregardingthe posted speed limit. A speed limit that is unrealistic invites the majority of drivers todisregard posted speeds.How are speed limits established?Washington State Law allows cities and counties to set speed limits that differ from thestandards speed limits set under the Revised Code of Washington (RCW) 46.61.400 thatstate 25 mph on city streets unless otherwise posted. Higher or lower speed limits aredetermined through traffic review.Speed studies, roadway geometry, sight distance, and accident history are considered inthe review. If these factors are not limiting, the 85th percentile speed is used to set thespeed limit. The 85th percentile speed is the speed at which 85% of vehicles are travelingat or under. It is generally accepted that this speed is considered reasonable for theroadway.Lowering the posted speed limit does not significantly lower traffic speed and can lead tounreasonable ticketing for acceptable driving behavior.STOPSLOWCHILDRENAT PLAYWhy are stop signs not used for speed control?It seems like an obvious, inexpensive way to reduce vehicle speeds. However whatseems to be a perfect solution can actually create a less desirable situation. When stopsigns are used as “nuisances” or “speed breakers,” there is a high incidence of driversintentionally violating the stop. When vehicles do stop, the speed reduction is effectiveonly in the immediate area of the stop sign, since a large percentage or motorists thenincrease their speed to make up for lost time. This results in increased mid-block speeds.For these reasons, we do not use stop signs for speed control drivers. Instead, they areused to improve safety at intersections where traffic volumes or accidents require theirinstallation.Can we get a Children at Play sign?Some parents believe that the safety of their children playing in or near the street can beenhanced through the installation of “Slow Children” or “Children at Play” signs. Trafficstudies have shown that “Children at Play” signs do not increase a driver’s attentionto the point of reducing vehicles speeds or reducing pedestrian accidents. In fact,placement of these signs can increase the potential for accidents to conveying to childrenand parents a sense of a protected area, which does not exist and cannot be guaranteed.For these reasons, the City does not install these types of signs, and instead encouragesparents to find alternative play areas for children, such as a backyard or local park.City of BellevueResidential Traffic Guidebook60

BELLEVUE, WASHINGTONNMap not to scale61

CITY OF BELLEVUEResidentialTrafficGuidebookUpdated: October 2013www.bellevuewa.gov/traffic_services.htmbellevuentss.wordpress.com