Enlargement Strategy and Main Challenges 2006 - 2007

The present enlargement agenda is based on a strategy consisting of three basic principles:
consolidation, conditionality and communication. It covers countries in the Western Balkans
and Turkey which are at different stages on the road towards the EU. These countries have
been given by the European Council the clear perspective of becoming EU members once
they fulfil the necessary conditions. The EU honours existing commitments towards countries
already in the process, but is cautious about assuming any new commitments.
At present, it appears unlikely that a large group of countries will in future accede
simultaneously. The candidates and potential candidates vary considerably in terms of
political and economic development and administrative capacity. Further accessions are likely
to occur in the medium to long term, given the present state of pre-accession preparations.
The EU can successfully welcome new countries provided its own development has
progressed and candidate countries can fulfil their responsibilities as Member States. EU
citizens also need to be ready for further enlargement, with a better understanding of the
issues at stake. This will enhance the democratic legitimacy of the process in terms of public
perception.The approach presented in this paper is based on:
– Ensuring the EU’s capacity to maintain the momentum of European integration;
– Ensuring candidate countries fulfil the rigorous conditions;
– Better communication.
The question of the ultimate borders of the European Union has been raised in recent years.
This has enabled the Commission to draw a number of conclusions. The term 'European'
combines geographical, historical and cultural elements which all contribute to European
identity. The shared experience of ideas, values, and historical interaction cannot be
condensed into a simple timeless formula and is subject to review by each succeeding
generation.
The legal basis of the enlargement is Article 49 of the Treaty on European Union, which
states that “Any European State which respects the principles set out in Article 6(1) may apply
to become a member of the Union”. However, this treaty provision does not mean that all
European countries must apply, or that the EU must accept all applications. The European
Union is defined first and foremost by its values.
A SHORT HISTORY OF THE EU'S INTEGRATION CAPACITY
The Union has assessed its capacity to integrate new members in previous enlargements. The
Commission's opinions on applications for membership have served as a basis for the Council
to decide on the opening of accession negotiations. They assessed the candidates' ability to
assume the obligations of membership including their acceptance of EU policies. In the case
of the first four enlargements, the opinions also provided a general analysis of the impact of
accession on the Union, in areas such as the functioning of the rotating Council Presidency,
estimates of net financial transfers based on existing common policies, or the addition of
official EU languages.
The Commission presented in 2004 a study on the issues raised by Turkey's possible
membership, together with its recommendation to open accession negotiations. The study
envisaged that the necessary preparations for accession would last well into the next decade. It
presented estimates of the budgetary impact of Turkey's accession and identified areas where
EN 16 EN