Using Aquatic Macroinvertebrates as Indicators of Stream Flow ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

However, the degree of dryness in both intermittent and ephemeral streams will vary dependingon time of year, precipitation, stream size, gradient, etc., and this in turn has a significant impacton the types of macroinvertebrates able to persist in the channel. An ephemeral stream may drycompletely in the summer in the absence of rainfall and lack even hyporheic refugia, whereasintermittent streams may retain refugia where some invertebrates persist, such as small pools andseeps, moist/humid areas beneath rocks and debris, or in the hyporheic zone. In addition,ephemeral streams do not tend have as high a proportion of taxa with desiccation-resistantadaptations; rather, they tend to be colonized by adventitious species that have a rapiddevelopment time and can mature before complete drying occurs.If desired, sampling the channel in a dry stream bed can be done by excavating the substrate in0.16 m 2 sampling area to a depth of 20 cm (8 in) using a hand trowel. Additional water will needto be carried in to rinse the sample. The excavated soil is placed in a 5 gallon bucket containingwater and allowed to hydrate for 5 minutes. The sample material is then sieved, rinsed, andpicked as described above. This is not recommended, as it will be time and labor intensive;substrate excavation may not be possible in areas of bedrock or large cobble and boulders; andpractitioners who are not entomologists may be unable to accurately distinguish between aquaticorganisms that have taken refuge in the substrate vs. terrestrial invertebrates that have invadedthe dry channel.For purposes of scoring in a dry channel, the section entitled “Drawing Conclusions” in theOregon Draft Assessment Protocol should be modified per our recommendations to read(addition shown in italics):“If the stream segment being evaluated does not meet the above criteria, the streamsegment is intermittent when any of the following criteria are met:2. A numerical value of at least:12 points is determined on the stream identification Form for a Dry Channel14 points is determined on the stream identification Form for a Wet ChannelOR3. A fish is found in the segmentOR4. More than one individual of an amphibian life stage of larva or further developed associatedwith the sustained presence of water (Table 3) are presentOR5. One or more caddisfly cases, mussel shells, or aquatic invertebrate exuviae associated withthe sustained presence of water are found in the segmentMacroinvertebrates as indicators of stream flow duration,The Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation22
ReferencesAbell, D. L. 1984. Benthic invertebrates of some California intermittent streams. In: Jain, S. &Moyle, P. eds. Vernal pools and intermittent streams. Institute of Ecology Publication #28,University of California-Davis, pp. 46-60.Adams, J. and Vaughan, M. 2003. Macroinvertebrates of the Pacific Northwest: A field guide.The Xerces Society, Portland OR. 16 pp.Anderson, N. H. 1997. Phenology of Trichoptera in summer-dry headwater streams in westernOregon. Proceedings of the 8 th International Symposium on Trichoptera, Ohio BiologicalSurvey, Columbus OH, pp. 7-13.Anderson, N. H. and Dieterich, M. 1992. The Trichoptera fauna of temporary headwaterstreams in western Oregon, U.S.A. Proceedings of the 7 th International Symposium onTrichoptera, pp. 233-237.Banks, J. L. 2005. Influences of clearcut logging on macroinvertebrates in perennial andintermittent headwaters of the Central Oregon Coast Range. M. S. Thesis, Oregon StateUniversity, Corvallis OR. 133 pp.Banks, J. L., Li, J., and Herlihy, A. T. 2007. Influence of clearcut logging, flow duration, andseason on emergent aquatic insects in headwater streams of the Central Oregon Coast Range.Journal of the North American Benthological Society 26 (4): 34-46.Beche L. A., McElravy E. P., and Resh, V. H. 2006. Long-term seasonal variation in thebiological traits of benthic-macroinvertebrates in two Mediterranean climate streams inCalifornia, U.S.A. Freshwater Biology 51: 56-75.Beffy, J.-L. 1997. Response of invertebrates to lotic disturbance: is the hyporheic zone a patchyrefugium? Freshwater Biology 37 (2): 257-276.Bogan, M. T. and Lytle, D. A. 2007. Seasonal flow variation allows ‘time-sharing’ bydisparate aquatic insect communities in montane desert streams. Freshwater Biology 52:290–304.Bonada, N., Rieradevall, M., and Prat, N. 2007. Macroinvertebrate community structure andbiological traits related to flow permanence in a Mediterranean river network. Hydrobiologia589:91–106.Bottorff, R. L. and Knight, A. W. 1988. Functional organization of macroinvertebratecommunities in two first-order California streams: Comparison of perennial and intermittentflow conditions. Verh. Internat. Verein. Limnol. 23: 1147-1152.Boulton, A.J. and Lake, P.S. 1992a. The ecology of two intermittent streams in Victoria,Australia III. Temporal changes in faunal composition. Freshwater Biology 27: 123–138.Macroinvertebrates as indicators of stream flow duration,The Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation23
Page 1 and 2: Using Aquatic Macroinvertebratesas
Page 3 and 4: GoalsThe goal of this project is to
Page 5 and 6: supported different macroinvertebra
Page 7 and 8: that some studies have found simila
Page 9 and 10: DispersalAdult invertebrates with s
Page 11 and 12: majority of all caddisflies collect
Page 13 and 14: North CarolinaAquatic macroinverteb
Page 15 and 16: Amphipoda), water mites (subclass H
Page 17 and 18: ScoringThe current Oregon Draft Str
Page 20 and 21: To sample riffle or run/glide habit
Page 24 and 25: Boulton A.J. & Lake P.S. 1992b. Ben
Page 26 and 27: Li, J., Herlihy, A., Gerth, W., Kau
Page 28 and 29: Williams, D. D., 1996. Environmenta
Page 30 and 31: shelter and to filter organic parti
Page 32 and 33: • Dytiscidae (predaceous diving b

Using Aquatic Macroinvertebrates as Indicators of Stream Flow ...

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?