Using Aquatic Macroinvertebrates as Indicators of Stream Flow ...

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Williams, D. D., 1996. Environmental constraints in temporary fresh waters and theirconsequences for the insect fauna. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 15:634–650.Wood, P. J., Gunn, J., Smith, H. and Abas-Kutty, A. 2005. Flow permanence andmacroinvertebrate community diversity within groundwater dominated headwater streamsand springs. Hydrobiologia 545: 55-64.Wright, J. F., Hiley, P. D., Cooling, D. A. , Cameron, A. C., Wigham, M. E., and Berrie, A. D.1984. The invertebrate fauna of a small chalk stream in Berkshire, England, and the effect ofintermittent flow. Archiv für Hydrobiologie 99: 176–199.Macroinvertebrates as indicators of stream flow duration,The Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation28
Appendix A. Representative photographs of indicator taxaThe photographs below are intended only as a quick guide to provide context and a visualreference to individuals who may be unfamiliar with the recommended indicator taxa. As statedearlier, we recommend that a guide be developed specifically for practitioners in the field thatcould be targeted at issues users of the stream assessment protocol are likely to encounter, suchas recognizing and identifying pupae, exuviae, and cases, and differentiating between familieswhose members may closely resemble one another. Unless otherwise indicated, all photos beloware credited to The Xerces Society (Jeff Adams).Mollusca (snails, mussels)• Juga spp. (pluerocerid snail): Perennial indicator; shells are dark reddish-brown to black,may be smooth or ridged; may have lighter colored lines spiraling with the coils; 10-30 mm(0.4-1.2 in.) in length• Freshwater mussels (Margaritiferidae , Unionidae ): Perennial indicator; bivalved shell with two oblong halves; can live for 100years and reach >15 cm (6 in.) in length; more common in larger rivers with softer substrate;larvae (glochidia) must attach to a fish host for development and dispersal before droppingoff and burrowing into the substrate. For a detailed guide, see “Freshwater Mussels of thePacific Northwest”, published by the Pacific Northwest Native Freshwater Mussel Group.Anodonta nuttalliana Margaritifera falcata Gonidea angulata(winged floater) (western pearlshell) (western ridged mussel)Trichoptera (caddisflies)• Philopotamidae (finger-net caddisfly): perennial indicator;yellowish-white fleshy body; reach up to 16 mm (0.6 in.); 1 stthoracic segment is sclerotized (hardened) on top and hasprominent black band around posterior rim; long anal prolegs(arrow); build finger-like nets on the underside of rocks forMacroinvertebrates as indicators of stream flow duration,The Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation29
Page 1 and 2: Using Aquatic Macroinvertebratesas
Page 3 and 4: GoalsThe goal of this project is to
Page 5 and 6: supported different macroinvertebra
Page 7 and 8: that some studies have found simila
Page 9 and 10: DispersalAdult invertebrates with s
Page 11 and 12: majority of all caddisflies collect
Page 13 and 14: North CarolinaAquatic macroinverteb
Page 15 and 16: Amphipoda), water mites (subclass H
Page 17 and 18: ScoringThe current Oregon Draft Str
Page 20 and 21: To sample riffle or run/glide habit
Page 22 and 23: However, the degree of dryness in b
Page 24 and 25: Boulton A.J. & Lake P.S. 1992b. Ben
Page 26 and 27: Li, J., Herlihy, A., Gerth, W., Kau
Page 30 and 31: shelter and to filter organic parti
Page 32 and 33: • Dytiscidae (predaceous diving b

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