Pre-feasibility Granite Quarry Project - Sindh Board Of Investment ...

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PRE-FEASIBILITY GRANITE QUARRY PROJECT 20103. MINING AND QUARRING INDUSTRY3.1. WORLD GRANITE TRADEFrom a global view point the natural stone industry is growing rapidly. Since the beginning of the 1990’s,production has risen annually by an average 7.3% and international trade has even increased by anaverage 8.7%. Worldwide natural stone extraction is meanwhile estimated at 150 million tons gross peryear. Annual production after deduction of waste and cutting losses amounts to about 820 millionsquare-meters – referred to a slab thickness of 2 cm. The total production value is estimated at 40billion US $.Technological changes in the last seventy years have increased the world production and consumptionof dimensional stone. There are over 40 dimensional stone producing countries in the world. Amongstthe 12 largest producing countries, 6 are in Europe and the same number in Asia and Africa.Dimensional stone processing is being done with different levels of technology in different countries buta few leading countries such as Italy, China, Spain, Japan, Taiwan, Portugal, Germany, France, USA, andGreece have developed highly efficient technology with good forward and backward linkages. India hasalso improved this sector considerably in the last two decades. Consumption on the other hand is morewide spread phenomena with over 50 countries of the world making use of dimensional stone inconsiderable quantities. The quarrying and working of stone, already practiced in ancient times by theEgyptians and the Greeks, was greatly developed in Italy under the Romans. However towards the endof the 18th century, economic activity in the stone sector developed for the first time with the inventionof gunpowder and the use of mechanical cutting. Dimensional stones are produced in more than 42countries of the world while 12 of these producers are dominant in the international market i.e. 6European countries and 3 each from Asia and Africa. Technological advances in the last seventy yearshad increased the world production and consumption of dimensional stones to 150 million tons while,consumption came to about 8.8 billion square feet (820 million square meters), generating overallturnover of $40 billion2. The majority of world consumption comes from material that is quarried indifferent countries than those where it is eventually installed. The leading producers -- China, India,Italy, Spain and Portugal account for 53% of world quarrying production. The driving force in the sectorwas international trade, which is just under 29.6 million tons and equal to about 4.8 billion square feet(450 million equivalent square meters) and has reached US$ 8.6 billions mark in 2004 with an annualaverage increase of 13% while China has shown the largest increase in its export value i.e almost 28%8
PRE-FEASIBILITY GRANITE QUARRY PROJECT 2010annually over 4 years. Italy, China and Spain are the major players in the international market andexported more than 55% of the dimensional stone’s products (blocks and processed) by value. Othermajor exporters include Brazil, Spain, India, Turkey and Portugal.Major importers of Granite products (processed and unprocessed) are Italy, USA, Japan, Germany, Italyand China and more than 60% of the products are directed toward these countries.3.2. PAKISTAN DIMENSIONAL STONE INDUSTRYGranite is included in the list of largest minerals extracted among coal, chromites, rock salt, lime stone,china clay, dolomite, fire clay, gypsum, silica sand etc. Since 1990 mining & quarrying as consistentlycontributed 0.5 percent to the Gross Domestic Product. Production of Granite has grown substantially inthe last twenty five years with total standing at about 5 million tons in 2003. It has been accompaniedwith high quarry wastage ranging from 61-73% in addition to poor quality, mainly due to unwieldyblasting techniques.Processing industry is using wide array oftechnological options for basic as well asfinishing stage, all of vintage age. Due totechnological imbalance, wastages are around52% to 55%. Presently the processing industryrelies upon local manufacturers of machineryand equipment with a very few calibrated andhigh efficiency machines from reputableinternational suppliers.The Granite Processing industry is closely related to the development of building materials, themodernization and vitalization of which leads to the progress of the tile industry. It shows a trendtowards increasing use in modern architecture.9
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