ABSTRACT OF POSTER PRESENTATION (APRIL 17, SATURDAY)

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P2-039 Allergy/Immunology/Rheumatology P2-040 Allergy/Immunology/RheumatologyHOUSE DUST MITE AND CHILDHOODASTHMA AMONG ASIAN CHILDRENCheong Wooi CheahPaediatrics, International Medical University, MalaysiaBACKGROUND: Asthma is the most common chronicdisease among children and its prevalence is increasing byan astounding fifty percent every decade. The Phase Oneof International Study of Asthma and Allergies inChildhood (ISAAC) found that there is a marked variationin the prevalence of asthma symptoms between differentcountries. This variation can be up to 15-fold and is likelydue to environmental factors. House dust mite (HDM) isthe most potent indoor environmental allergen. To date,there are only a few studies on the sensitization profiles ofHDM in childhood asthma in South East Asia.OBJECTIVES: To determine the profiles of asthmaticchildren who are sensitized to the HDM,Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (DP) andDermatophagoides farinae (DF). To determine associationof HDM sensitization to the control and severity ofchildhood asthma. To test the viability of using saliva inimmunoassay in associating the levels of Immunoglobulin(Ig)E in saliva with the severity and control of asthmaticpatients.METHODOLOGY: The subjects were unselectedchildren attending asthma follow-up clinic or admitted inthe ward in a tertiary hospital. They were deemed, onclinical grounds, to be suffering from asthma. Skin pricktest was performed on all the participants. Their saliva wascollected. A questionnaire regarding the control andseverity of asthmatic symptoms of the participant wereasked. The control and severity of asthma were assessed inaccordance to the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA)guideline 2008. The saliva collected was selectedrandomly and the IgE specific to both DP and DF wasquantified by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Non-asthmatic children attending the generalclinic were recruited as the control group for comparison.RESULTS: Patients with poorer control have asignificantly higher percentage of DP and DF sensitizationas compared to patients with better control. There is nosignificant association between DP sensitization and theseverity of asthma. The mean IgE titre in subjects withcontrolled asthma is lower than that of subjects with partlycontrolled and uncontrolled asthma. The mean IgE titre insubjects with moderate and severe asthma is lower thanthat of subjects with mild asthma. However, the differenceis not statistically significant.CONCLUSION: There is subtle association between mitesensitivity and control (persistence) and severity ofchildhood asthma. IgE titre in expectorated (spitted) salivais not a good indicator for the severity and control ofasthma.[Keywords]House dust mite, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus,Dermatophagoides farinae, childhood asthma, control, severityTHAPSIGARGIN AND FLAVIN ADENINEDINUCLEOTIDE EX VIVO TREATMENTRESCUES TRAFFICKING-DEFECTIVEGP91PHOX IN CHRONIC GRANULOMATOUSDISEASE LEUKOCYTESHuang Ya-Fang 1 , Liu Si-Yen 2 ,Yang Pei-Wen 3 , YenChia-Liang 4 , Shieh Chi-Chang 5Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Cheng Kung University 1 ,Institute of Basic Medicine, National Cheng-Kung University Medical College 2 ,Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Cheng-Kung UniversityMedical College 3 , Institute of Basic Medicine, National Cheng-Kung UniversityMedical College 4 , Institute of Microbiology and Immunology; Department ofPediatrics, National Cheng-Kung University Medical College, Taiwan 5Mutations in leukocyte NADPH oxidase genes lead todefective respiratory burst in leukocytes and causechronic granulomatous diseases (CGD) in humans. Themost common form of CGD is caused by mutations inthe membrane-bound oxidase component gp91phoxwhich is encoded by the CYBB gene on theX-chromosome. We previously reported a patient withCYBB mutation (H338Y) which prevents theintracellular trafficking and expression of gp91phox onleukocytes. The capacity of the leukocytes to producereactive oxygen species (ROS) was rescued by treatmentwith thapsigargin and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD).The increase in ROS production was not due to theincrease of cytoplasmic calcium induced by thapsigarginbecause the treatment of calcium ionophore did not havethe same effect. Protein and cellular analyses onleukocytes and cells transfected with GFP-taggedgp91phox mutant showed that treated cells expressedmore Endo-H resistant gp91phox protein on cell surfaceand are more effective in killing bacteria. Thapsigarginand FAD-treated CGD leukocytes had enhanced activityin protecting mice from staphylococcus-inducedperitoneal abscess formation in a mouse model of CGD.These results indicate that thapsigargin-FAD ex vivotreatment is effective in rescuing the ROS-producingactivity of leukocytes in selected CGD patients.[Keywords]cell therapy, immunodeficiency, reactive oxygen species,chronic granulomatous disease, NADPH oxidase, calcium pumpinhibitor274
P2-041 Allergy/Immunology/Rheumatology P2-042 Allergy/Immunology/RheumatologyTHE ASSOCIATION <strong>OF</strong> SKIN TESTREACTIVITY TO COW`S MILK PROTEINSCHOOL CHILDREN HEALTH ANDENVIRONMENT IN DEVELOPING COUNTRYAND/OR SOY PROTEIN WITH THESEVERITY <strong>OF</strong> ATOPIC DERMATITIS AMONG1 Shambhu Dutta Joshi, 2 R. P. BhandariINFANTS AGED 1-6 MONTHS OLDPrimary Health Center, Malakheti, NEPAL, 2 Community Health andEnvironmental Society Nepal, NepalMelanie Yagdulas GavinoPediatrics, De La Salle University Health Sciences Institute, PhilippinesOBJECTIVE: To determine the association of skin testreactivity to Cow’s Milk Protein (CMP) and/or Soy Protein(SP) with Atopic Dermatitis (AD) in infants aged 1 to 6months old.STUDY DESIGN: Hybrid Design, specifically a Follow-upPrevalence Study.SETTING: Cavite, Philippines.PARTICIPANTS: Infants aged 1 to 6 months old diagnosedwith AD using the Hanifin and Rajka criteriaOUTCOME MEASURE: Severity of atopic dermatitis usingScoring Atopic Dermatitis.METHODS: All infants who fulfilled the diagnostic criteriaof AD underwent allergy skin prick test (SPT) to CMP, SP, apositive and a negative control. Severity of AD was assessedusing the SCORAD index. Statistical analysis was performedusing SPSSPC+ and Epi-Info softwares. Chi-square was usedto determine if there was statistically significant associationbetween skin test reactivity to CMP and/or SP and the severityof atopic dermatitis, family history of atopy and feeding.T-test was used to determine the association between skin testreactivity and Mean SCORAD. Spearman`s rank correlationcoefficient was computed to determine the correlation ofseverity of atopic dermatitis with the number of positive skinprick test results.RESULTS: There were a total of 54 participants. Most weremales with a mean age of 3 months. More than 2/3 was withmild to moderate atopic dermatitis (77.8%). Majority werepositive to skin prick test (66.7%). The proportion of skin testreactivity to CMP and SP among infants with AD was at48.2% and 50%, respectively. There was a significantassociation between the skin test reactivity to CMP and/or SPand the severity of AD. Statistical analysis showed that therewas a significant association between skin test reactivity andfamily history of AD. There was no association between skintest reactivity and whether the patient is on pure milk formulaor mixed feeding. A positive direct relationship betweenseverity of AD and number of skin test reactivity was alsonoted.CONCLUSION: Although AD is viewed by many as a minordermatologic problem, the stress that it poses to the family andeconomy cannot be ignored. The results showed a higherproportion of positive skin test reactivity to CMP and SPamong AD infants as compared to international studies. Therewas a significant association between skin test reactivity toCMP and/or SP and severity of AD. This study supports theadvocacy of the PPS regarding the importance ofbreastfeeding.[Keywords] atopic dermatitis, skin test reactivity, Scoring AtopicDermatitis (SCORAD)BACKGROUND: Developing country like Nepal haspoor health status in school students.OBJECTIVE: To know and evaluate the indoorenvironmental condition of government andprivate-schools.METHODS: A cross sectional studied of representativesamples of 35 schools of selected region of Nepalincluding government and private schools, from Oct2007-2009 September. Onsite observation and healthcheck up & interview with students and teachers weredone. Specific scores was given in each criteria. The datawere analysed and edited in EPI info program.RESULTS: The results shows that 89% of governmentschool and 45%of private-schools have poorenvironmental condition and 69% of governmentschools students are suffering from environmental-healthproblem while only 22%of private school student aresuffering from some kind of diseases.Government-school do not have the standard classroom,adequate sports facility, safe drinking water, light andventilation in comparison with private schools.CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the main causes arepoor socio-economic status, illiteracy of parents,negligence, hard housework for children, diseases,malnutrition, incomplete immunisation and lack ofhealth education. The poor environment conditionincludes crowed students in a classroom, poorventilation, shortage of clean drinking water, untidyclothes of students, poor nutrition and lack of greeneryin the school area, school near by road, air pollution andlack of environmental awareness among teachers andparents. The government schools have limited budget,resources with compared to private schools and most ofthe lower and lower middle class family children arestudying in government schools which covers nation82% of total students.RECOMMENDATION: The government shouldallocate the special budget to the government schoolsand it should be utilized from the available resourcessuch as good ventilation, limited student in a class,awareness among teachers and parents. Last but not theleast, this type of programs are helpful to prevent fromenvironmental health hazards also.[Keywords]Children, allergy,Health,Environment,Developing country275
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ABSTRACT OF POSTER PRESENTATION (APRIL 17, SATURDAY)

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