Legislative Quotas for Women: A global and ... - Aurat Foundation

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Gender quotas around the world 20There are 90 countries in the world which have one or the other typeof quota for women in legislative assemblies.Number of countries with a gender quota for lower or single house ofparliamentRegionAny type ofquotaReservedseatsLegislatedcandidatequotaPoliticalparty quota(voluntary)Africa 24 11 3 12Asia 18 5 8 6Latin America& Caribbean18 0 13 12More Developedregions30 0 9 24Total (World) 90 16 33 5420 http://www.quotaproject.org/21
Types of quotasThere are three different types of quotas in vogue today and each isimplemented through various formal or informal mechanisms.(i) Reserved seats (constitutional and/or legislative)Reserved seats regulate the number of women elected through partylists of nominations or direct constituency-based elections. Such quotaprovisions are provided for in the Constitution. They are generally inthe form of reserved seats. Constitutional or legislative quotasnormally try to reserve a number of places on electoral lists for femalecandidates or reserve a number of seats in an assembly for women. Itis done through a clause in the constitution or by legislation whichstipulates that a certain percentage or number among those electedmust be women. Increasingly, gender quotas are being introducedusing reserved seat systems.There are many countries where a quota has been imposed throughthe constitution. These include Pakistan, Bangladesh, Rwanda,Uganda and Afghanistan where seats are reserved for women inlegislatures. In India, a quota of 30 per cent at the local level isenshrined in the constitution.Countries with reserved seats quotasEastern Africa(9)Other Africa(2)Southern Asia(3)Other Asia(2)Burundi Egypt Afghanistan KyrgyzstanDjibouti Niger Bangladesh JordanEritreaPakistanKenyaRwandaSomaliaTanzaniaUganda The quota type is prevalent in 16 countries of Africa and Asia,mostly in growing democracies22
Page 2 and 3: Legislative Quotasfor WomenA Global
Page 4: Table of ContentsNo. Content Page12
Page 7: For some experts, types of electora
Page 10 and 11: in and its impact on political deci
Page 13 and 14: The Beijing Platform for Action, ad
Page 15 and 16: it is argued, compensatory measures
Page 18 and 19: 2 The QuotasAs already stated in th
Page 20 and 21: acknowledged that the quota brought
Page 24 and 25: Usually, this model has guaranteed
Page 26 and 27: Political Party Quotas are rules or
Page 28 and 29: 3 Reserved seats in PakistanHistori
Page 30 and 31: assemblies serving as electoral col
Page 32 and 33: elected in 1997; 2.4 in the Senate
Page 34 and 35: Ministry of Women’s Development o
Page 36: In the second general elections hel
Page 39 and 40: AfghanistanAfghanistan’s National
Page 41 and 42: legislation by the Parliament. The
Page 43 and 44: “Nothing in the world is perfect,
Page 45 and 46: Sri LankaSri Lanka’s unicameral H
Page 47 and 48: Quantum of representationThe women
Page 49 and 50: legitimacy of the system in its obs

Legislative Quotas for Women: A global and ... - Aurat Foundation

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