List of Poster Presentations - Journal of Dental Education

Poster Abstracts
on selected images of each tooth. Student evaluation and feedback
were performed through a Web-based survey. The digital images
processed in this manner resulted in life-like 3-D images (object) of
a class II cavity prepared for amalgam restoration. These images could
be rotated and viewed from any desired perspective. Moreover, images
could be easily accessed, manipulated over the web or independently
with a personal computer. The interactive module could be accessed
by pointing at various areas of interest within the cavity, which in
turn opened new windows with further information or diagrams. The
preliminary results from student surveys indicated that 94% preferred
VR-interactive 3-D images to two-dimensional pictures or sketches
in textbooks. Seventy-one percent preferred viewing on the Web, and
29% favored using a CD-Rom or other media.
The 3-D virtual reality method is a convenient and innovative
method to create interactive 3-D images of teeth prepared for various
restorative procedures which have the potential to enhance studentbased
education in restorative dentistry. (Supported by UBC TLEF
#14S35809)
8. A New Student-Centered Method for Teaching and
Learning Dental Anatomy Using Virtual Reality
Luu, Peter, University of British Columbia Faculty of Dentistry,
Catherall, Jordan, University of British Columbia Faculty of Dentistry,
Chehroudi, Babak, University of British Columbia Faculty of Dentistry
Dental anatomy, in particular, deals with demonstration of threedimensional
(3-D) objects that cannot be ideally illustrated in twodimensional
figures or lecture slides. The purpose of this research
was to investigate the feasibility of using 3-D virtual reality (VR) to
enhance student-centered teaching approach in dental anatomy.
Anatomically intact extracted teeth were collected from general
dentists, Bureau of Legal Dentistry, and cadavers. Teeth were cleaned
in bleach and mounted on an automated Kaiden VR-Rig. A total of
360 high-resolution digital images were obtained from each tooth as
it rotated in the Y-axis and the camera circled from 0 (occlusal view)
to 90 (buccal view). Images were collected at 10 intervals and stitched
in QuickTime VR Authoring program to create a 3-D object movie.
Anatomical reference points were marked and labeled on selected
images of each tooth. All 3-D objects were saved as web-ready objects.
Student evaluation and feedback were conducted through a Web-based
survey. The digital images processed in this manner resulted in lifelike
3-D images of teeth. These images could be rotated, magnified,
or viewed from any desired angle. Navigation through the interactive
module was smooth and could be achieved by pointing at various
areas of interest on the crown or the root surfaces. There was no
noticeable difference in the speed of image manipulation whether
images were viewed through a high-speed Internet connection or
directly with an average personal computer. The preliminary results
of student survey indicated that 55% felt the 2-dimensional drawings
and photos of dental anatomy textbooks were insufficient, or confusing
21% , or not at all usable 15%. Ninety six percent of students preferred
self-study sessions using VR-interactive 3-D images to the use of
dental anatomy textbooks.
The 3-D virtual reality method is a convenient and innovative
method to create 3-D interactive images of teeth that have the potential
to enhance student-based education in dental anatomy. This method
should be readily expanded to include other areas of dental education
such as restorative dentistry (Supported by UBC TLEF # 14S35809).
9. Implementation of a Youth Smoking Cessation
Program: Not-On-Tobacco (NOT)
Chong, Sherri Lyn W., University of Pittsburgh School of Dental
Medicine, Ganni, Mohamed A., University of Pittsburgh School of
Dental Medicine, Markovic, Nina, University of Pittsburgh School
of Dental Medicine
The purpose of this project is to determine the barriers and
obstacles associated with establishing the American Lung
Association’s Not-On-Tobacco program in an inner-city high school.
In addition, the efficacy of this program will be assessed.
Tobacco use is a habit that is started early in life and is very
difficult to quit. According to a study in New York City, 1 in every 4
youths reported smoking (1). Early adolescents, ages 11-15 and in
the 6th -10th grades, are the most likely to try smoking for the first
time (2). In addition, smoking rates among black students increased
a drastic 80% between 1991-1997 (3). Even though reported current
smoking rates are lower among black (22.7%) and hispanic (34%)
youths compared with white youths (39.7%), it is imperative to
develop effective strategies of prevention and intervention, as they
comprise the fastest growing population in the United States (4,5).
The risk of oral cancer increases with the amount and time one smokes,
while the risk is decreased following smoking cessation (6). In the
United States, nearly 1 in 3 people with oral cancer die with or as a
result of their disease (7). Smoking has been shown to be responsible
for 75% of the oral cancers in the United States (6). Cigarette smokers
also have a 2 to 5 times higher risk of oral cancer than nonsmokers
(6). Early detection from dentists, through oral cancer screenings and
smoking cessation education is essential. Although dental health care
providers are the ones who should be providing these services, it has
been found that only 24% of current smokers and 18% of smokeless
tobacco users reported that their dentist had advised them to quit
smoking (8). Based on this information, we are implementing the
American Lung Association Not-On-Tobacco program, a voluntary
10-session gender-divided class. It is predicted that this program will
reduce smoking among the high school students. Major contributing
factors to the success of the program include the timing of the program,
enthusiastic school support, high session attendance, and effective
recruitment methods.
Citations
1. Siqueira L, Diab M, Bodian C, Rolnitzky L. Adolescents Becoming
Smokers: The Roles of Stresses and Coping Methods. J. of
Adolescent Health 200;27: 399-408.
2. Preventing Tobacco Use Among Young People: A Report of the
Surgeon General. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, Public Health Services, Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and
Health Promotion, Office of Smoking and Health, 1994.
3. Centers for Disease Control. Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance-United
States, 1997. MMWR Morb Mort Wkly Rep 1998; 47: SS-3.
4. Day JC. Population Projections of the United States by Age, Sex,
Race and Hispanic Origin: 1995 to 2050. U.S. Bureau of the
Census, Current Population Reports. Washington,DC: U.S.
Government Printing Office, 1996: P25-1130.
5. Tobacco Use Among U.S. Racial/Ethnic Minority Groups African-
Americans, American Indians and Alaska Natives, Asian Americans
and Pacific Islanders and Hispanics: A Report of the Surgeon
General. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services,
Public Health Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health
Promotion, Office of Smoking and Health, 1998.
6. Winn Dm. Tobacco Use and Oral Disease. J of Dent Educ 2001;
65: 306-312.
7. Johnson N. Tobacco Use and Oral Cancer: A Global Perspective.
J of Dent Educ 2001: 65: 328-339.
8. Gordon JS, Severson HH. Tobacco Cessation Through Dental
Office Settings. J of Dent Educ 2001; 65:354-363.
9. Reducing Tobacco Use: A Report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta:
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health
Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National
Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion,
Office of Smoking and Health, 2000.
260 Journal of Dental Education ■ Volume 66, No. 2