Quantity Takeoff

Fig. 2.8: Cross sections of external and internal wallsWorking spaceWorking space is to be measured in circumstances where workmen have to operate insituations that require them to work in trenches below ground level, for example whenworking with formwork, rendering, tanking or protection. It is measurable as a superficialitem where there is less than 600 mm between the face of the excavation and the work;all additional earthwork support, disposal, backfilling and breaking out are deemed to beCost Estimating 36 Dr. Emad Elbeltagi