JP 3-07 Joint Doctrine For Military Operations Other Than War

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Chapter IRANGE OF MILITARY OPERATIONSMilitaryOperationsGeneralUS GoalsRepresentativeExamplesCOMBATNONCOMBATWarMilitaryOperationsOtherThanWarFight&WinDeter War&ResolveConflictPromotePeace&SupportUS CivilAuthoritiesLarge Scale Combat OperationsAttack / Defend / BlockadePeace EnforcementCounterterrorismShow of Force/Raid/StrikePeacekeeping/NEONation AssistanceCounterinsurgencyFreedom of NavigationCounterdrugHumanitarian AssistanceProtection of ShippingUS Civil SupportFigure I-1. Range of Military Operationspurposes changing or unclear; for example,to deter potential aggressors, protectnational interests, support the UnitedNations (UN) or other regionalorganizations, satisfy treaty obligations,support civil authorities, or providehumanitarian assistance (HA). Thespecific goal of MOOTW may be peacefulsettlement, assistance rendered to civilauthorities, or providing security for HA.The Department of Defense (DOD) isoften in a support role to another agency,such as the Department of State (DOS) inHA operations. However, in certain typesof operations DOD is the lead agency,such as in peace enforcement operations(PEO). These operations usually involveinteragency coordination and may alsoinvolve nongovernmental organizations(NGOs) or private voluntary organizations(PVOs). Finally, although MOOTW aregenerally conducted outside of the UnitedStates, some types may be conductedwithin the United States in support of civilauthorities consistent with established law.I-23. Primacy of PoliticalObjectivesPolitical objectives drive MOOTW atevery level from strategic to tactical. Adistinguishing characteristic of MOOTWis the degree to which political objectivesinfluence operations and tactics. Twoimportant factors about political primacystand out. First, all military personnelshould understand the politicalobjectives and the potential impact ofinappropriate actions. Having anunderstanding of the political objectivehelps avoid actions which may haveadverse political effects. It is notuncommon in some MOOTW, for examplepeacekeeping, for junior leaders to makedecisions which have significant politicalimplications. Secondly, commandersshould remain aware of changes not onlyin the operational situation, but also tochanges in political objectives that maywarrant a change in military operations.These changes may not always be obvious.Joint Pub 3-07
IntroductionHowever, commanders should strive,through continuing mission analysis, todetect subtle changes which, over time,may lead to disconnects between politicalobjectives and military operations. Failureto recognize changes in political objectivesearly may lead to ineffective or counterproductivemilitary operations.4. Strategic AspectMOOTW contribute to attainment ofnational security objectives by supportingdeterrence and crisis response options.These contributions are shown in FigureI-2 and discussed below.a. Deterrence. In peacetime, the ArmedForces of the United States help to deterpotential aggressors from using violenceto achieve their aims. Deterrence stemsfrom the belief of a potential aggressor thata credible threat of retaliation exists, thecontemplated action cannot succeed, or thecosts outweigh any possible gains. Thus, apotential aggressor is reluctant to act forfear of failure, cost, or consequences.Although the threat of nuclear conflict hasdiminished, proliferation of weapons ofmass destruction (WMD) and conventionaladvanced technology weaponry iscontinuing. Threats directed against theUnited States, allies, or other friendlynations — ranging from terrorism toWMD — require the maintenance of afull array of response capabilities.Various MOOTW combat options (such aspeace enforcement or strikes and raids)support deterrence by demonstratingnational resolve to use force whennecessary. Other MOOTW (such ashumanitarian assistance and peacekeeping)support deterrence by enhancing aclimate of peaceful cooperation, thuspromoting stability.MOOTW CONTRIBUTIONS TO THEATTAINMENT OF NATIONAL SECURITYOBJECTIVESDETERRENCEPotential aggressor is reluctant to act for fear of failure, cost,or consequencesFORWARD PRESENCEDemonstrates commitment, lends credibility to alliances, andenhances regional stabilityCRISIS RESPONSEResponding rapidly with appropriate MOOTW options topotential or actual crisesFigure I-2. MOOTW Contributions to the Attainment of National Security ObjectivesI-3
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Page 3 and 4: PREFACE1. ScopeThis publication exp
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PART II—TERMS AND DEFINITIONSGlos
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Glossarypreventive deployment. The
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JP 3-07 Joint Doctrine For Military Operations Other Than War

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