Chapter 8: Internal Forced Convection

General Thermal Analysis• In the absence of any work interactions, the conservationof energy equation for the steady flow of a fluid in a tubeQ = mc T −T(8-15)( ) (W)p e i• The thermal conditions at the surface can usually beapproximated as:– constant surface temperature, or– constant surface heat flux.• The mean fluid temperature T m mustchange during heating or cooling.• Either T s = constant or q s = constant at the surface of atube, but not both.