Chapter 8: Internal Forced Convection

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The Entrance Region• A fluid entering a circular pipe at a uniform velocity.• The no-slip condition - the flow in a pipe is divided intotwo regions:– (i) boundary layer region, (ii) irrotational (core) flow region• The thickness of this boundary layer increases in theflow direction until it reaches the pipe center.IrrotationalflowBoundarylayer
• Hydrodynamic entrance region the region from thepipe inlet to the point at which the boundary layer mergesat the centerline.• Hydrodynamically fully developed region the regionbeyond the entrance region in which the velocity profile isfully developed and remains unchanged.• The velocity profile in the fully developed region is– parabolic in laminar flow, and– somewhat flatter or fuller in turbulent flow.
Page 1: Chapter 8:Internal Forced Convectio
Page 4 and 5: Average Velocity• The value of th
Page 6 and 7: • For incompressible flow in a ci
Page 10 and 11: Thermal Entrance Region• Consider
Page 12 and 13: • Surface heat flux can be expres
Page 14 and 15: Entry Lengths ()- HydrodynamicLamin
Page 16 and 17: General Thermal Analysis• In the
Page 18 and 19: • In the fully developed region,
Page 20 and 21: Constant Surface Temperature• The
Page 22 and 23: • The temperature difference betw
Page 24 and 25: Laminar Flow in TubesAssumptions:
Page 26 and 27: • Taking the limit as dr, dx 0 g
Page 28 and 29: • Combining the last two equation
Page 30 and 31: • A pressure drop due to viscous
Page 32 and 33: • Or∂T1 ∂Qu =−( )∂ x ρc
Page 34 and 35: • Separating the variables and in
Page 36 and 37: Constant Surface temperature (circu
Page 38 and 39: - HydrodynamicLaminar flowLh,lamina
Page 40 and 41: Turbulent flow in Tubes• Most cor
Page 42: Moody Diagram

Chapter 8: Internal Forced Convection

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