January 2005.pdf - Electrical Business Magazine

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FROM THE EDITOR //Thoughts for the year aheadELECTRICAL BUSINESS is the newspaper of the Canadianelectrical industry. It reports and comments on the news andhappenings in the industry in a manner that is informative,knowledgeable and constructive.EditorAnthony Capkun - acapkun@clbmedia.caContributing Editors-Canadian Electrical CodeTed Olechna, P.Eng.Les Stoch, P.Eng.Art DirectorHélena Kletochkina - hkletochkina@clbmedia.caProduction ManagerNevin Nenaa - nnenaa@clbmedia.caPublisherBill Begin - bbegin@clbmedia.caSales ManagerDavid Cowl - dcowl@clbmedia.caManager, CirculationVesna Moore - vmoore@clbmedia.caManager, ProductionLisa Drummond - ldrummond@clbmedia.caCreative DirectorEinar Rice - erice@clbmedia.ca240 Edward Street, Aurora, ON L4G 3S9Tel: 905-727-0077 Fax: 905-727-0017PresidentStuart MorrisonVice President, Media, PublishingNiel HiscoxVice President, Finance/Corporate DevelopmentKent MilfordDirector, Human ResourcesSusan BishopDirector, IT and OperationsDavid OverallDirector, Sales and MarketingFrank ShonikerDirector, Editorial and ProductionJackie RothDirector, Facility Management and LogisticsSteve DaleDirector, Human ResourcesDenise DesrosiersDirector, ITMichael CunninghamMember, CLB Media Management CommitteeTony ChisholmSUBSCRIPTION RATES:Canada: Single issue $7.00 • Ten issues: $35.00(G.S.T. not included)USA and overseas: $35.00 (US) per yearUnited States Second Class Postage Paid at Lewiston, NY(USPS-741-470) US POSTMASTER: send address changes toELECTRICAL BUSINESS, P.O. Box 8145, Lewiston, NY 14092The contents of this publication are copyright ©2005 by CLBMedia Inc. and may not be reproduced in whole or in part withoutwritten consent. Any portion of this publication may be reproducedon a not-for-profit basis as long as credit is given toElectrical Business and CLB Media Inc. Requests for missingissues are not accepted after three months from publication date.We acknowledge the financial support of the Government ofCanada, through the Publications Assistance Program toward ourmailing costs.PAP Registration No. 10774Send address changes to:ELECTRICAL BUSINESS240 Edward Street, Aurora, ON L4G 3S9Return Postage GuaranteedCanada Post - Canadian Publications Mail Sales ProductsAgreement 40063602 ISSN 0013-4244Printed in CanadaFirst we promised, now we’vedelivered. Welcome to the brandnew look of Electrical Business!(Hopefully you weren’t tooshocked when you opened your mail.)The magazine still contains the sectionsyou have come to rely on, only TradeTalk is now “Personalities” andUpcoming Events is just “Calendar”.All other components are the same,only they look a lot better. Kudos to ourArt Director, Hélena Kletochkina, foran amazing redesign.Along with our new look, we’rebringing you a number of magazine(and website) initiatives this year.Starting this issue, we’re presentingThe Code Conundrum (page 14). Pityour brain against tricky CanadianElectrical Code questions that werecompiled by one of our resident codeexperts, Mr. Ted Olechna. Answers willappear in the February issue as well asonline at www.ebmag.com. Feel free toget in on the action and send in yourown code conundrum.In fact, we invite you to send in morethan just that! If you check our 2005editorial calendar (www.ebmag.com),you’ll see it provides many opportunitiesfor contributing articles, news, storyideas, etc. to the magazine. We entertainall stories pertaining to Canada’s electricalindustry, but we’re also specificallylooking for the following from contractors,electricians, suppliers/distributors,manufacturers, engineers, inspectorsand code officials:COVER STORY6// Economic Forecast2005: A year of continued growthREGIONAL FOCUS7// Atlantic FocusEnergy conservationthe Newfoundland wayDEPARTMENTS4// Industry News5// Personalities & CalendarAtlantic Focus and Western UpdateThis gives our Atlantic and Westernreaders the opportunity to share theirexperiences with the rest of Canada.Tools for the TradeReaders can write about cutting-edgetools for industry professionals, ormaybe how best to use those tools wetake for granted.Trucks for the TradeContributors can write about all thingswork truck related. This could meananything to do with tires, accessories,fleet management systems and so forth.Think SafetyHere, readers write about ways of stayingsafe on the job.Besides these regular features, ElectricalBusiness is also putting out the call forstories and articles that address someunique topics:FEBRUARYWhat’s new in lighting design?We’re putting out the call to lightingmanufacturers and designers, and thosewho have worked on cutting-edge systemsand products, to write in and tellus what’s hot in lighting design.APRILCase studies in residential,industrial and commercial lightingIn this issue, we ask you to write and tellCONTENTS //January 2005 // Volume 41// Issue 1us about jobs with interesting and/orcurious lighting applications.JUNE/JULYProject managementWrite in and tell us about your tips andtricks for making a job run as smoothlyas possible. (Which jobs have been theeasiest to execute and which have madeyou want to quit and go into earlyretirement?)OCTOBERTrials, tribulations and triumphsof three electrical contractorsAs the title implies, we’re looking for afew good men and women to write tous and tell us a story of some hardshipthey’ve endured (i.e. downsizing, slowmarket, lack of qualified labour, toughjob, insensitive client, etc.) and howthey got through it.Electrical Business is all about coveringyour industry—your business. Help memake it happen by getting in touch andtelling me a story. As always, I look forwardto hearing from you.P.S. Are you reading someone else’s copyof Electrical Business? Visit www.ebmag.com and click on Subscribe... chancesare you qualify for a free subscription.8// It’s Your BusinessShould you close yourone-man show?9 // Tools for the TradeEvolving ergonomicsfor power tools10 // Product Counter10 // Product Showcase12 // Library13 // Marketplace14 // Code FileEven close neighboursbond differently14 // Code Conundrumwww.mag.com • JANUARY 2005 • 3

INDUSTRY NEWS//Architecture for powergrid upgrade unveiledThe Electricity Innovation Institute (E2I), anaffiliate of the Electric Power ResearchInstitute (EPRI), completed the initial phaseof the Intelligrid Architecture—the first comprehensivecommunications architecture forthe power delivery system of the future. Theresult is a unified vision for upgrading thepower system that will save time and moneyfor systems designers, and ensure compatibilitywith future technologies.“The knowledge-based economy of thefuture will require a smart power delivery systemthat links information technology withenergy delivery,” said Clark Gellings, vice-presidentof Power Delivery and Markets for EPRI.The Intelligrid vision links communicationsand electricity into a ‘smart’ grid—anintegrated, self-healing and electronically controlledpower system that will offer flexibilityand functionality, and improve system security.By promoting compatibility with futuretechnologies, these tools for the design of systemswill eliminate the need for expensiveupgrades later. Promoting interoperabilityand better communication, Intelligrid’s nonproprietaryopen architecture can be adoptedby all manufacturers.“If all stakeholders follow a common architecture,the modernized grid will be morerobust, more reliable and more secure,”emphasized William Parks, the U.S.Department of Energy’s (DoE’s) acting director,Office of Electric Transmission andDistribution (OETD).To develop the Intelligrid Architecture, ateam of industry experts brought utility industryand standards-making experience to thetask of defining the requirements and thetechnical approach for the project. Theirreport, available free of charge to the public,can be found at www.e2i.org. It includes a catalogueof the functions of the electricity system,a set of design tools and recommendationsfor standards and technologies. Users ofthe Web-based system will have access to over6000 pages of models, tools, methodologies,guidelines and recommendations.Fuel cell adoptionto be driven by standardsIf fuel cell and other alternative energy technologiesare to be successfully adopted intomass-market applications, government andindustry leaders in Canada and around theglobe need to be actively involved in theendorsement of standards.Speaking at the Hydrogen and Fuel CellsConference 2004 in Toronto, Pat Keindel,president of standards with the CanadianStandards Association (CSA), told attendeesthat “by creating consistency, uniformityand interchangeability, standards help speedup the development of alternative energytechnologies and can help smooth the adoptionprocess.”She explained how common protocols in theIT industry have helped build market growth.“Similarly, by developing standards relating togreenhouse gas emissions, Canada has anopportunity to bring world-leading technologiesand services, as well as sound environmentalpolicies, to the fore,” Keindel argued.Making skilled trades a first-choice career option for youthDespite the fact skilled tradespeople play an important role inCanada’s economy and society, a negative perception existsamong Canadian youth and their influencers toward careers inskilled trades. In a recent survey, 42 per cent of Canada’s youth claimthey are unlikely to consider a career in the skilled trades. This negativeattitude, compounded by the expected retirement of manytradespeople within the next few decades and declining birth rates,will lead to a skilled tradespeople shortage.To increase the awareness of skilled trades as afirst-choice career option, the CanadianApprenticeship Forum–Forum canadien sur l’apprentissage(CAF-FCA) and Skills/CompétencesCanada (S/CC) have joined forces to develop anational, multi-faceted campaign entitled “SkilledTrades: A Career You Can Build On”.“We are very excited to launch this campaign aswe recognize the urgency of making young peopleand their parents more aware of the benefits ofchoosing a career in the trades,” said KeithLancastle, executive director of CAF-FCA.The campaign has two important objectives: tochange the negative perception of careers in skilledtrades that exists among youth, parents and educators;and encourage employers to hire and retainImage courtesy Skills/Compétences CanadaThis example of the campaign’s promotionalmaterial targets employers.To that end, CSA is working on a numberof alternative energy initiatives, including:• the publication of the first of 15 new standardsdeveloped for the global use of fuel cells;• the development of a new standard that willset requirements for the process of extractinghydrogen from fuels, such as natural gas, topower fuel cells;• the certification of the first-ever fuel cellpower systems to the new FC 1 standard;• the development of standards for the interconnectionof renewable energy—such aswind, solar power, biomass or fuel cells—into the power distribution grid; andFCI’s CDC Division (Americas)to focus distribution networkIn a move designed to focus its sales channels,global interconnect supplier FCI’sCDC Division in the Americas has terminatedagreements with four of its distributors,one of which is Canadian (FutureElectronics is a global distributor of electroniccomponents with seven branches inCanada, including its worldwide headquartersin Montreal) and one, Sager Electronics,which has a branch in Ontario.FCI will continue to have a distributionteam with global partners Arrow Electronics,Avnet and TTI, along with national distributorThe DAC Group (consisting of ForceElectronics and Heilind Electronics). In additionto these four key partners, FCI will continueits distributor relationships with regionaldistributor Aerospace and catalogue distributorsAllied Electronics, Mouser Electronicsand Newark Electronics.more apprentices. The campaign is being funded by theGovernment of Canada’s Sector Council Program, through HumanResources and Skills Development Canada (HRSDC), and will costapproximately $12 million over three years.“Skilled Trades” features television, radio, cinema and print ads inboth English and French that commenced in mid-September acrossCanada. A website (www.careersintrades.ca) has been developed,with specific links to the CAF-FCA and S/CC websites to facilitateaccess to in-depth information on skilled trades andapprenticeships.The campaign is unique in that it is an integrated,national effort, developed with regional representativesfrom various sectors. To complement theadvertising campaign, this grass-roots approach willbe extended to various other initiatives. Employersare specifically targeted due to their importance inproviding apprenticeship-training opportunities.“Convincing more employers to hire and retainapprentices is a critical factor in the success of thiscampaign as well as the future supply of certifiedtradespeople,” said Lancastle, explaining that formost trades, 80 per cent of the training is conductedon-the-job, with guidance and mentoring fromjourneypersons.NEMA releases safety guide forground fault protective devicesRevised for the first time since 2000, TheNational Electrical ManufacturersAssociation (NEMA) has released PB2.2-2004, Application Guide for GroundFault Protective Devices for Equipment.The guide offers practical informationcontaining instructions for the safe andproper application of ground fault protective(GFP) devices, which include:current-sensing devices, relaying equipment,or combinations of the two; orother protective equipment that willoperate to cause a disconnecting meansto open all ungrounded conductors atpredetermined values of ground faultcurrent and time.Canadian Hydrocasts light on hippo sanctuaryCanadian Hydro presented the firstWechiau Lighting Initiative Fundraiser inOctober in partnership with University ofCalgary-based Light Up the WorldFoundation and the Calgary ZooConservation Fund. The WechiauLighting Initiative aims to provide 550solar-powered lighting units to the 10,000people living near the WechiauCommunity Hippo Sanctuary in Ghana,West Africa by April.“We believe everyone should have accessto clean, safe and affordable lighting,” saidCanadian Hydro CEO, John Keating.“Currently, many people in third-worldcountries, including Ghana, use crudekerosene-fueled lamps, which are dangerous,dirty and expensive.”The reserve is about 40 kilometreslong. The villagers have moved all farmsand fishing camps two kilometres fromthe river to minimize human and hippoconflict and provide an undisturbedgrazing habitat for the animals.Notwithstanding this disruption to theirsubsistence economy, the people in thearea support the project because theyunderstand that by conserving the environment,they are creating other opportunitiesfor their community, includingeco-tourism.Photo courtesy Canadian Hydro Developers IncThe people in the area of the hippo reserve support theproject because they understand they are creatingopportunities for their community, such as eco-tourism.INFO NO. 44 • JANUARY 2005 • www.mag.com

PERSONALITIES //CALENDAR//Electro-FederationCanada (EFC) chair,Bob Brews announcedthe appointment ofMilos Jancik to theposition of presidenteffective January 1,upon the retirement of Milos Jancikcurrent president,Doug Baldwin. Jancik joins EFC with 30years of experience and involvement in theCanadian electrical/electronics industry—thelast 13 as president of Moeller Electric Inc., along-time EFC member company throughthe Electrical Equipment ManufacturersAssociation of Canada (EEMAC). He holdsboth an engineering degree from theUniversity of Manitoba and an MBA fromYork University.Ron Matthews, vice-president of sales(Eastern Canada) for Cooper Crouse-Hinds,announced Bill Saylor’s promotion to areamanager for the Greater Toronto Area (GTA)and Southwestern Ontario. He has been in theelectrical industry for 19 years, and withCooper Crouse-Hinds for the past seven.‘Brilliant Thinking’ landstwo customers in winners circleThe recent “BrilliantThinking Contest”from Osram Sylvaniafeatured speciallyselected Sylvania energy-efficientlightingproducts and prizes forcustomers who made Bill Carreiropurchases from thecompany’s dealer networkacross Canada.The winners—Claude Dumais (whowon his prize throughthe Nedco branch inLaval, Que.) and BillClaude DumaisCarreiro (who claimed his prize through EecolElectric’s main branch in Edmonton)—eachreceived a five-megapixel Olympus C-50zoom digital camera and HP PhotoSmartcompact 245 photo printer.Phase two of the promotion runs until theend of January. Customers choosing SylvaniaDulux® EL compact fluorescent lamps forany project are eligible to win a Sony PortaVueLCD colour TV.Visioneering Corp., a manufacturer of fluorescentand HID luminaires, welcomesHandford Marketing as its territorial manufacturerrepresentative for Manitoba.Handford can be reached at (204) 478-6775.As part of an expansion of its MSP services toindustry and other utilities, Hamilton Hydro’sMetering Services appointed Vito Genovese toMSP project engineer. A registered professionalelectrical engineer, Vito comes to HamiltonHydro (Ontario) after five years as senior engineer–wholesalemetering with the independentmarket operator. He possesses extensive experiencewith metering standards because of his 14years as assistant district manager withMeasurement Canada.T&B winners experience thrill of racecar drivingGrand-prize winners of the Thomas & Betts “It’s in the Bag” promotion experienced the thrillof a lifetime at the “Day at the Races” event, held last fall.The culmination of the summer-long Ty-Rap® Cable Tie promotion, the event included anall-expenses-paid day of racing plus a driving lesson from a professional instructor.The winners were:• Glenn Hinada, Translink (British Columbia)• Mark Kurschener, Pronghorn Controls Ltd. (Alberta)• Byron Adams, Transgas (Midwest)• John Mungall, Crown Metal Packaging (Central)• Roger Caron, Cribtec Inc. (Quebec)• Charles Hennigar, Gardner Electric (Atlantic)Plans for a 2005 “Day at the Races” event are already underway.From left to right: Ed Atkinson, T&B; Dean Craig, T&B; John Mungall, Crowne Metal Packaging; Neil Macleod, FranklinEmpire Inc.; François Thibault, T&B; Scott Ebner, Pronghorn Controls Ltd. (replacing Mark Kurschener); Mario Plante, NedcoQuebec; Matt Courtorielle, T&B; Rick Humphrey, T&B; Reg Clark, T&B; André Boudreau, T&B; Ken O’Brien, T&B; Mark C.Hennigar, Gardner Electric; Byron Adams, Transgas; Bruce Kidson, Harris & Roome Halifax; Brian Morrow, Wesco Saskatoon;Paul Gaudet, EECOL Fort McMurray; Roger Caron, Cribtec Inc.; and Jean-Marc Myette, T&B.Iris Power Engineeringappointed Blake Lloydto general manager ofsales. Blake worked insoftware development,then the ElectricalResearch Department,at Ontario Hydro, Blake Lloydwhere he was responsiblefor conductingresearch into advancedmeasurement, testingand diagnostic monitoringtechniques for rotatingmachines and insulationsystems. Since cofoundingIris in 1990,Paul MadgerBlake has been the principal architect of thecompany’s line of partial discharge-relatedinstrumentation and analysis software. PaulMagder will now move from the sales departmentto direct the activities of Iris’ ProductEngineering and Development group. Paul hasbeen with Iris for 10 years, where he spent thelast two as vice-president of sales.WAGO Kontakttechnik GmbH appointedTom Artmann president of its NorthAmerican operations, WAGO Corp. Tomstarted with WAGO Corp. in 1982, onlythree years after the North American subsidiarywas founded. He has held many differentroles within the company, including hisprevious role as vice-president of sales andmarketing. Meanwhile, WAGO Corp. haspromoted David Monfre to the position ofstrategic market manager–elevatorindustry.David has been withWAGO for more than13 years, and is nowresponsible for co-ordinatingand expandingboth new/existing relationshipsand productsDavid Monfrein the elevator industry within North America.Get Sirius about this awardCon-Tech Lighting is honouring lightingdesigners, architects and specifiers for a seventhyear for their work with the Sirius®product line through its 2005 Sirius Award.Con-Tech Sirius Award winners from 2004 and 2003. Thisyear, the top prize is $2500 US with an additional $500 USbeing awarded to the participating sales rep.Entries are judged on creativity, originality andeffective product use. Cash prizes will beawarded to the winners, who will beannounced at Lightfair 2005 in New York.Complete details can be obtained by callingMichael Lehman at (847) 559-5500.ConstructJob Inc. founder Natalie Abshierhas joined Accubid Systems (Toronto) as managerof its new Project Management Productsdivision, and will continue to direct the developmentof the ConstructJob product line.Existing ConstructJob users will continue todeal with Natalie and her team on matters ofproduct support, training and implementation.EB announces the passing of Burton S.“Bud” Lifson, retired chair of CW Industries,who died last year at the age of 81. His company—whichhe and his brother bought in1958 when it was named Continental-WirtCorp.—manufacturers electrical switches,connectors and specialized electrical/electronicassemblies.BICSI Winter ConferenceJanuary 24–27Orlando, Fla.Visit www.bicsi.orgDistribuTECHConference & ExhibitionJanuary 25–27San Diego, Calif.Visit www.distributech.comElectrical Inspectors Associationof Alberta (EIAA) AnnualTechnical ConferenceFebruary 4–5Sherwood Park, Alta.Call Don Letcher at (780) 922-3433 orJohn Biollo at (780) 986-8864, or e-mailthem at dletc@telusplanet.net or1john@telus.net, respectively.Basic Electricity CourseFebruary 15–March 31Victoria, B.C.E-mail bcea@bcea.bc.caor call (604) 291-7708.The Work Truck Show®March 2–4Indianapolis, Ind.Visit www.ntea.comCanadian ConstructionAssociation (CCA) AnnualConferenceMarch 6–11Cancun, MexicoVisit www.cca-acc.com. Click on News &Events followed by Events/Conferences.Fundamentals of DC Operation &Repair TipsMarch 18–19Denver, Colo.Visit www.easa.com or call (314) 993-2220.NETA (InterNational ElectricalTesting Association) 2005 AnnualTechnical Conference, Seminars& Trade ShowMarch 21–24New Orleans, La.Visit www.netaconference.comElectric Power 2005April 5–7Chicago, Ill.Visit www.electricpowerexpo.comLightfair 2005 Trade Show &ConferenceApril 12–14New York, N.Y.Visit www.lightfair.comEFC Annual General MeetingApril 14(More information to come)Mechanical RepairFundamentals of Electric MotorsApril 22–23St. Louis, Mo.Visit www.easa.com or call (314) 993-2220.National Association of ElectricalDistributors (NAED) AnnualConferenceApril 22–26Orlando, Fla.Visit www.naed.orgwww.mag.com • JANUARY 2005 • 5

BY GEORGE GRITZIOTISForecasters have recently reviseddown their forecasts for growth inthe Canadian economy for thisyear in light of a continued appreciation of theCanadian dollar and high prices for crude oil.The economy is predicted to experiencegrowth of about three per cent in 2005 insteadof the near 3.5 per cent many forecasters predictedin the summer of last year. The reducedgrowth will be accompanied by rising interestrates, consumer price inflation of about twoper cent and an unemployment rate averagingseven per cent (Table 1).While a stronger Canadian dollar is expectedto reduce growth next year because of slowergrowth in exports and an increase inimports, it will have a positive offsettingimpact through business investment (Figure1). A large part of investment in machineryand equipment is sourced from the UnitedStates, so with the dollar appreciating over 25per cent since 2002, the price of importedequipment has fallen by a similar magnitude.As a result, businesses are encouraged toincrease investment spending. Investment inmachinery and equipment is expected to growin excess of seven per cent in 2005.Non-residential construction investment isalso expected to rise strongly in 2005. Theincrease in investment reflects both thestronger dollar and the need to increase productioncapacity to meet the rising demand forgoods and services in light of the weak investmentperformance over the past few years.Rising interest rates and a strongerCanadian dollar will nevertheless lead to slowergrowth in residential investment, particularlyafter a number of years of high housingstarts. In fact, housing starts are predicted tofall to near 200,000 in 2005, which will translateinto reductions in residential investmentexpenditures.Key drivers behind this economic outlookinclude the performance of the Canadian dollar,energy prices and the economy of ourneighbours—the United States. Should theCanadian dollar continue to rise, economicgrowth will slow. Higher oil prices willincrease inflation and interest rates, and negativelyimpact economic growth.There is some concern over the performanceof the U.S. economy; specifically, whether ornot American consumers are able to continueto drive their economy in the face of high debtand an already very low savings rate.Moreover, higher oil prices will reduce growthin the United States (same as in Canada), andlarge government and trade deficits could leadto a rise in interest rates and slower economicgrowth. And because the United States isCanada’s foremost trading partner, any negativeeconomic impacts occurring stateside willundoubtedly be felt across the border here.Labour availability in CanadaThere are close to a million workers getting upevery day to work in Canada’s constructionindustry. That’s good news.From a human resource planning perspective,however, we often do not know where inCanada they are, what skills they will need inthe future nor whether there will be work forthem tomorrow. That’s not-so-good news.Getting that information is just part of our jobat the Construction Sector Council (CSC), whileanother part entails getting it to the decision-makerswho need it. Supported by government andindustry, CSC is a national partnership betweenlabour and business addressing the humanresource needs of the construction industry.Two months from now (March 2005), CSCwill release a construction labour market forecastthat will predict the labour demand forselected trades by sector and province up untilthe year 2013. It is the first in a regular series offorecasts, and forms the foundation for a forecastingcapability that will be refined andexpanded to include moretrades over time.Because of the sheer numberof stakeholders consulted(committees have been establishedin every province) andextensive validation process,the forecast is unique to theindustry. It links real-timeinformation from all relevantsources with key economicindicators (Table 1) to mapout labour force requirementsfor the construction industry.We are talking to users of construction servicesabout their investments, governmentdecision-makers about their programs, labourgroups, teachers and students—really anyonewho can provide information that will help uspredict the future. While we get major projectlists, investment plans and training enrolmentdata, stakeholders get a better handle onwhat workers are available and where, as wellas an opportunity to influence the shape ofthe workforce.Our Labour Market Information (LMI)program is one of several CSC initiativesgeared toward tackling a number of complexissues facing the construction industry,including skills shortages/surpluses based ontrade, an aging workforce, inter-provincialworker mobility and the impact of informationtechnologies. This is quite easily themost significant initiative undertaken at theCSC to-date, because information is the bestway for industry to respond to humanresource issues.A well-structured LMI program allows allstakeholders to make decisions with a goodsense of what lay ahead. In theshort term, information allowsthem to respond quickly beforeserious problems occur. In themedium to long term, it allowsstakeholders and governmentsto make the kinds of policychanges that will resolve seriousissues like labour shortages longbefore they occur. They canforesee demand levels, assesshow easily the labour supplywill adjust to that demand andestimate how tight labour marketconditions are likely to be.Good, reliable, up-to-date LMI is a valuabletool for the construction industry. With thepublication of our first labour market forecastnext March, the not-so-good news mentionedearlier is getting better.GEORGE GRITZIOTIS is the first executive director ofthe Construction Sector Council (CSC), which hehelped establish. Previously, he managed a numberof national industry groups and projects at theCanadian Labour Force Development Board, involvingissues ranging from apprenticeship and trainingto labour market information. George can bereached by calling (613) 569-5552.So where’s the economy headed?Key economic indicators 2004 2005GDP growth (%) 3.1 2.9Consumer expenditures (%) 3.3 3.4Residential investment (%) 3.2 –1.7Machinery and equipment investment (%) 9.7 7.8Construction investment (%) 2.4 10.1Consumer price inflation (%) 2.0 1.9Employment growth (%) 2.2 1.8Unemployment rate (%) 7.3 7.0Three-month Treasury Bill rate (%) 2.3 3.0Housing starts (000s) 224 199Sources: The Centre for Spatial Economics and Statistics CanadaTABLE 1Business Investment ($1997 Millions)120000 Residential Non-Residential Machinery and Equipment100000800006000040000200001996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005Sources: The Centre for Spatial Economics and Statistics CanadaFIGURE 1Electroindustry Business Confidence Index (EBCI)Back in November 2004, the NationalElectrical Manufacturers Association(NEMA) issued its ElectroindustryBusiness Confidence Index (EBCI),which is developed via a survey of itsmembers. It shows that for the firsttime since April 2004,confidence in currentconditions affecting theelectroindustry in NorthAmerica expanded fromthe previous month,improving five points to61.5 in November.Following a brief dip into theupper 50s in September, the NorthAmerica future conditions index hasresumed its typically expansiveview of business conditions sixmonths out—reaching 76.9 inNovember 2004. Moreso than anything else,NEMA’s confidenceindex shows the priceof materials remainsa leading concernamong electroindustrymanufacturers.Northern Cables Inc.“The armoured cable specialists”Canadian manufacturer specializing inAC90, TECK90, MCTHHN, ACTHH, HCFINFO NO. 5P.O. Box 1564, 50 California Ave., Brockville, Ontario K6V 6E6 • Web: www.northerncables.comPhone 613-345-1594 • Toll free 1-888-524-5050 • Fax 613-345-31476 • JANUARY 2005 • www.mag.com

ATLANTIC FOCUS//Energy conservationBY ANTHONY CAPKUNthe Newfoundland wayWhen it comes to electricity, it’s muchcheaper for our province to conserve itthan to generate it, and it’s muchcheaper for our consumers... to save itthan to pay more for it.— Ontario Energy Minister Dwight Duncan, EnergyConservation Industry Briefing (Toronto), September 2004These sentiments are not unlike those shared by manyCanadians. Take for example Maurice Tuff Sr. ofNewfoundland. This father of six recognizes the value ofconserving energy. In fact, he would cringe whenever hestepped outside and caught sight of his electricity meter spinningaway like a possessed circular saw. He knew all those revolutionswould culminate in a huge utility bill at the end of the month.He wished his meter was located indoors; then, at least, hecould not only show his family how they wasted energy, butmaybe get them to practice a little restraint. It would be theresponsible, environmentally conscious thing to do... and itwouldn’t hurt his pocketbook any, either.Real-time energy conservationMaurice Sr.’s frustration did not go unnoticed by his son,Maurice Jr., who worked on the problem while in high school.He went on to become an electrical engineer and tinkered furtherwith the idea. His hard work paid off, because he figuredout a simple way of finding out how much energy one is usingat that very moment. About two years ago, the Tuff familyincorporated Blue Line Innovations with the PowerCostMonitor as its flagship product.The monitor is a device intended for residential consumers tohelp them reduce their electric bills. As unobtrusive as a smallclock, the monitor tells consumers how much electricity theyare consuming and what it is costing them in real time, therebyhelping them make informed decisions about its usage. Thetechnology consists of two units:1. A detection unit affixed to an existing household electromechanicalutility meter with a single ring clamp. This tracksthe energy consumed by counting turns of the meter disk.2. A display unit located inside the home, which shows informationgathered from outside (via wireless signal) in a varietyof sensible metrics.Getting the business goingBelieving they had a real winner on their hands, Blue Linewanted to get more people involved in the PowerCostMonitor project to both prove its value and get it to market.In November 2003, the company received supportfrom Memorial University’s Faculty of Engineering.Through its Industrial Outreach Group, the faculty offeredcontinued support by providing its engineering facilitiesand technical expertise.“Blue Line Innovations is on the leading edge of energyconservation technologies,” says Dr. Ray Gosine, dean of thefaculty, adding, “[and] support for these technologies willresult in far-reaching environmental benefits.”For Blue Line, though, it was not enough to get just academiaonside. “We recognized early on that is was essentialto have utility participation, so we considered all thevarious ways of involving them,” says Danny Tuff, BlueLine’s vice-president of marketing and business development.The utilities are already involved in demand-sidemanagement (DSM) in some way or other, explainsDanny, “so the PowerCost Monitor fits in with theirenergy-efficiency mandate.”Newfoundland Power was the first major utility to entertainthe Blue Line project. In December 2003, it signed aLetter of Understanding that led to the installation of a readingdevice on 100 of the utility’s meters. Shortly thereafter,Newfoundland and Labrador Hydro agreed to participate ina province-wide demonstration of the PowerCost Monitor.The blackout of 2003 made Blue Line shift their focus toOntario and Hydro One—Ontario’s largest electricitydelivery company.“Early in 2004, the Ontario government unveiled an initiativeto conserve energy... they wanted to create a culture ofconservation,” explains Jatin Nathwani, Project Managerwith Hydro One. Under the initiative, distribution utilitiesare provided with an incentive to launch demand-side managementprograms. Hydro One thought DSM was goodearly on, explains Jatin, and real-time monitoring is amongthe first things it explored.“Real-time monitoring is a DSM solution,” says CarrieAloussis, a strategic analyst with Hydro One. “It gives theconsumer real-time feedback on what he is consuming at thatvery moment. It is not a metering device... its benefits arederived from the consumer’s behaviour.”This coincides with the research studied by the Tuff’s,which shows a homeowner’s energy bill at the end of themonth does not reinforce long-term positive changes in hisenergy-use habits. In fact, the largest behavioural impactsoccur when the customer immediately correlates his dailyenergy consumption with a monetary cost. He then takescontrol of consumption to achieve savings.Blue Line called Hydro One and asked whether it would beinterested in the PowerCost Monitor technology. “We metwith [Blue Line] and decided this was something we wanted tosupport,” says Jatin. Hydro One not only took an interest, itwent ahead in July 2004 with a pilot project that involvesabout 500 homes in the Peterborough, Timmins, Lincoln andBrampton areas of the province. The project involves 100 consumerswho are required to answer questionnaires so detailed,explains Carrie, that they even take into consideration minutiasuch as whether the customer recently purchased an energyefficientappliance.The study also corrects for aberrations such as changes inweather and occupancy to produce as solid a report as possible.At the end of the study, Hydro One will file its resultswith the Ontario Energy Board (OEB), which will help itrecover its costs for the initiative, and project participants getto keep their PowerCost Monitors.Jatin is confident the results will validate the data gatheredfrom other studies, which show reductions in energyconsumption of 10 to 15 per cent are the norm. With theinformation gathered, Hydro One should be able to figureout what level of incentive it should offer consumers to getthem to buy the monitor. “We want them to want to buyit,” says Jatin, and while he does not reveal the cost of themonitor and its installation, he says consumers should beable to recover their costs from just one year’s worth of savings(at 10 per cent).“What we’re trying to do is determine whether we can golarge-scale across the province with this,” says Jatin, adding,“At the end of the day, the consumer has to decide whetherthis is good and worth paying for.”Megger QualityAffordably PricedPhoto A. CapkunThis Brampton, Ont. home is participating in the Hydro One PowerCost Monitorpilot project, which aims to prove that when a customer immediately correlates hisdaily energy consumption with a monetary cost, he takes control of consumptionto achieve savings.Photo courtesy Blue Line InnovationsThe PowerCost Monitor displays consumption information to the homeownerin sensible metrics, such as $/hour, KW/h and $/month.CSA APPROVED• Tough(Rubber Armored and Drop Tested to 3ft.)• Safe(Live Voltage Warning/Lockout)• Hands Free Operation(Remote Probe)1-800-297-9688www.megger.comINFO NO. 6www.mag.com • JANUARY 2005 • 7

IT’S YOUR BUSINESS //Should you close yourone-man show?BY RON COLEMAN,B.Comm., FCAA CMCMany service technicians decide to become independent,one-man contractors instead of working forother contractors, usually because of a conditionknown as ‘entrepreneurial seizure’. (Michael Gerbercoined this term in his book, The E-Myth Revisited: Why MostBusinesses Don’t Work and What to Do About It, when hedescribes someone’s attraction to being his own boss.) Based onmy discussions with one-man shows, they often did not feelfully appreciated by their employers and believed they would dobetter on their own.The bottom line? A 40-hour week becomes a 60-hour week toone-man operations, and they have exchanged one problem (unappreciativebosses) for a myriad of problems relating to administrationand accounting, cash flow, and sales and marketing.Billable hoursAs an employee, you are expected to bill out nearly 100 per centof the hours you are paid. When self-employed, on the otherhand, you are lucky to bill out just 60 per cent of your time.TABLE 1One truck for one yearFuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$ 4800Repairs and maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$ 2000Insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$ 2200Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$ 300Depreciation/finance charges or lease payments . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$ 6900Signage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$ 200Modification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$ 200Parking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$ 100License and registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$ 50Total cost for the year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$ 16,750Cost per month . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$ 1396Cost per hour (based on 96 billable hours per month) . . . . . . . .$ 14.53Cost per hour (based on 120 billable hours per month) . . . . . . .$ 11.63The remainder is taken up by necessary support activities.If you wanted to earn, say, $40/hour, you would have torecover as follows:$40 x 160 hours (40 hr/wk x 4 wk) = $6400divided by 96 (60% of 160 hours) = $66.67/hourThat covers your base wage. Now add your payroll burden,vacation pay, statutory holiday pay, CPP (no EIbecause you are not covered) and WCB, and this adds atleast 20 per cent to your labour cost, for a total of $80/hour.Now you need to recover small tools, shop supplies andlabour warranty for another five per cent of your labourcost. This adds another $3.33/hour. Another direct costyou have is your truck. Any vacation time comes out ofyour support time.Table 1 shows an example of truck costs (you can plug in yourown numbers to compare).Table 2 summarizes total labour and truck costs—withoutany overhead expenses or the profit you will make on materials.The costs shown are based on a recovery of 96 billable hours permonth (60 per cent of your time) and 120 hours (75 per centof your time). Remember, at this point you still have not recoveredany overhead nor recorded any profit on labour, materialsor other sales.TABLE 2Item Per month Per hour Per hour60% recovery 75% recovery(96 hours) (120 hours)Wages $6400 $66.67 $53.33Burden 20% $13.33 $10.66Small tools/labour warranty 5% $3.33 $2.66Total direct labour cost $83.33 $66.65Truck charge (see table) $1396 $14.53 $11.63Total labour and truck $97.86 $78.28TABLE 3Overhead• Advertising and promotion• Bad debts• Communications• Depreciation of equipment• Subscriptions• Interest and bank charges• Professional fees• Office expenses• Rent• Repairs and maintenance• Travel• Utilities• Other overhead• Office salariesLabour ratesGranted, you will make profit on materials and other sales, andmaybe it will be enough to cover your total overhead and theprofit. If so, then the above labour charge-out rates shown inTable 2 are realistic. However, what labour rates are you using?In the example above, labour cost is approximately$8000/month ($83.33 x 96 hours). If materials and other salesare, on average, 1.3 times your labour, then materials would be$10,400 at cost. With a 25 per cent average mark-up, thiswould generate $2600/month toward overhead (Table 3) andprofit (plug in your own material/labour ratio).Don’t forget to make a profit!So, does $2600/month cover your overhead and profit? Will itmake you rich and free?Your time for sales and estimating, administration and projectco-ordination are all covered off in the reduced percentageof hours you are billing. In these examples, I have used both40 per cent and 25 per cent for those activities. (You can dothe above calculations and send them to me for afree review.)One of the ways of reducing unit costs and makingmore money is to have more than one technician.The cost structure changes substantially when youcombine two, one-man operations or when a onemancompany combines with an existing company.Learning to live within a bigger organization andfinding an appreciative boss is usually far more productivethan going it alone.Be realistic... if you are not making money andenjoying the lifestyle you deserve, change directionnow. The economy is stronger than it has been formany years. If you are not making serious moneynow, you never will.INFO NO. 7RONALD COLEMAN, B.Comm., FCAA CMC, is an accountant andbusiness development specialist, and a member of theInstitute of Certified Management Consultants of BritishColumbia. He has presented on behalf of construction associationsin both Canada and the United States, and his numerouspublished education programs include a 36-hour businessmanagement course specifically designed for theElectrical Contractors Association of British Columbia. Ronaldhas completed many Inter-Firm Financial Comparisons ofgroups of construction companies in Canada and the UnitedStates, consulting to construction companies on a regularbasis. He can be reached via e-mail at rcoleman@coleman.bc.ca.8 • JANUARY 2005 • www.mag.com

TOOLS FOR THE TRADE //Evolving ergonomicsfor power toolsBY GABRIEL CONCARIAlthough the word ‘ergonomics’ was not coined until1857, mankind has employed the concept ofergonomics for thousands of years. In fact, from prehistorictools to cordless drills, whenever manused/modified tools to accomplish tasks he could not do withhis bare hands, he was practicing ergonomics.‘Ergonomics’ was derived from the Greek words ergon (work)and nomos (principle or law) by a Polish scholar namedWojciech Jastrzebowski, and has come to signify the study anddesign of work and equipment in relation to the physiologicaland psychological capabilities of people. Assuch, one can see why ergonomics plays an integralrole in the evolution of the tool industry.After all, several work factors can affect the healthand performance of hand tool users. According to theCanadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety(CCHOS), major factors include:• static load on arms and upper body muscles• awkward working positions and body postures• tissue compression• vibrationIn the past decade, advancements in plastics, elastomersand metallurgy have made it possible for toolmanufacturers to enhance the comfort and durabilityof their products. For example, the contour and feel ofa drill handle, the improved balance and weight of anailer as well as the controls on a compressor, have allbeen enhanced as a result of ergonomic design.Due to these improvements, toolmakers have beenable to create truly innovative products that are lighter,more powerful and easier to use than their predecessors—allwhile meeting the needs of the tradesperson.In this evolving process, design options best accommodatingpeople’s capabilities and limitations are weighedheavily, which helps ensure products meet the needs oftarget users.Key ergonomic features for power toolsWeight and balanceIdeally, a user should be able to operate a tool usingone hand. During repetitive and long periods of use,the user should take frequent breaks and use twohands to support the product (if necessary). The toolshould feel well balanced with the centre of gravitylocated as close to centre of the handle as possible(Figure 1).• The tool should be comfortable to hold and use inthe typical positions for which it is designed, eliminatingas much stress as possible for end user.• An auxiliary handle providing additional placementfor a second hand must be designed into tools thatare too heavy so they can be supported properly.A drill that is too nose-heavy or unbalanced willrequire more effort to use and put higher stresses on thewrist and forearm. A reciprocating saw, for example, isdesigned—and must always be used—with two handsand/or an auxiliary handle.HandlesThe handle on a well-designed power tool should be comfortableto hold when your hand is in a neutral or natural position(i.e. where the wrist does not bend up, down or sideways).DAN RODRIGUEZElectrical Contractor• A handle must be completely smooth and free of sharp edges,especially around the trigger and other secondary actuationcontrols.• The best handles should also accommodate a rubber grip areaspecifically where the hand will rest and be in contact with thecontrols. This helps minimize stress and provides a secure gripin varying temperatures.“PULLS SO EASY,MY DAUGHTERCOULD DO IT.”With our exclusiveSIM Jacket ,NEW ROMEX ® SIMpull pulls 50% easier.It’s true ROMEX ® SIMpull pulls 50% easier thanother NM90 on the market — without greasyresidue and without raising costs. It’s all becauseof Southwire’s uniquely designed patent pendingSIM Jacket. No other NM90 has the SIM Jackettechnology, so no other NM90 pulls this easy. Infact, at its NECA 2004 debut, itstopped the show. Thanks toROMEX ® SIMpull. , you can nowdemand and expect quality from anNM90 product. Nothing pulls easierthan ROMEX ® SIMpull. Ask for it by name.To learn more, call 888.770.5155 or go towww.romexsimpull.com.pulls fasterreduced burn-thruContinued on page 11strips easiertear resistantFIGURE 1Romex ® Brand • EZ-MC ARMORLITE ® • EZ-AC ARMORLITE ®ALFLEX ® • ULTRATITE ® • ResistAll • AlumaFlex SOLONON • StrikeShield • ARMOR-X ® • ARMOR-Xtra • SureSeal ®INFO NO. 8www.mag.com • JANUARY 2005 • 9

PRODUCT COUNTER //For more information, enter the number on the card in this issuePRODUCT SHOWCASE //PRODUCTS FOR LIGHTING APPLICATIONSRSiR Si SeriesRSi SeriesSensorless Vector DriveSensorless Vector Control(150% Torque at 0.5Hz)55°C Ambient RatingNEMA 1 / 12 EnclosureNEMA3R/4EnclosureFins-Out Design18 Pulse / Clean PowerMeets IEEE 519-1992Harmonic SpecificationsBENSHAWADVANCED CONTROLS & DRIVESRATED TO660VoltsTorque ControlPID ContorlModular DesignIntegral DB ResistorIntegral ModBUS RTU,other protocols availablePull-apart Terminal Blocks1 through 150HP CT1 through 200HP VTBenshaw Canada Control Inc.550 Bright Street East,Listowel, ON N4W 3W3Tel: (519) 291-5112E-mail: info@benshaw.comSelf-righting lighting unitWobble Light® intends to simplify job site lightingissues by being durable, easy to set up, self-rightingand difficult to damage. In fact, it immediatelyreturns to its standing position when knocked tothe ground. It features a polycarbonate dome thatprotects the bulb from direct contact with hardobjects and debris, and can illuminate areas from16 to 110 ft. in diameter (depending on the model).Only one electrical source is needed, since the unitscan be strung together via extension cords. WobbleLight is available in 120-W fluorescent, 500-W halogen,and 175/250/400-W metal halide.110 Wobble Light LLCElectronic metalhalide ballast for 20-W lampFibre optic lighting systemAccording to Magic Lite, Fiberstars Inc.’s EFO providesthe equivalent light output, greater energysavings and longer lamp life than MR-16 halogen,PAR or A-lamp sources in typical recessed ceilingdownlighting and other installations. The fibreoptic lighting system is specifically designed as adirect replacement for recessed ceiling downlights,track and display case lighting applications. EFO issold as a complete system, which includes a compactilluminator and the necessary fibre and fixtureheads. New recessed and semi-recessed adjustablefixtures are available in a variety of downlight andtrack options, adjustable to 15-, 25- and 40-degreebeam spreads.113 Magic Lite Ltd.Industrial lightingOrion Energy Systems has introduced the latestmodel in its Illuminator Series of commerciallighting products. The newest model, 4I4, is afour-lamp fixture designed for use in a rangeof commercial/industrial applications withceiling heights from 14 to 100 ft. TheIlluminator Series provides full-spectrum lightwhile consuming half the energy of standardhigh-intensity fixtures. The system’s standardfeatures include: UL listed, patented aluminum‘I’ frame and reflector design, and lightweightconstruction.114 Orion Energy SystemsEmergency lighting UPSINFO NO. 9INTRODUCING…The onlyONE SIZE FITS ALL*wire connector that cantake the heat.www.benshaw.com* Contact Benshaw today for your nearest distributor.150°C (302°F)EXTRÊMECheck OutYour LINK tothe ElectricalIndustry!www.ebmag.comThe e-Vision® electronic low-wattage metalhalide ballast from Advance Transformer isdesigned exclusively for Philips Lighting Co.’s20-W Mini MasterColor® lamp. Developed jointlyby Philips and Advance, the 20-W Mini system issuitable for applications such as downlighting,and track and accent lighting. The system standsas an alternative to 60-W, 75-W or higher halogenlamps, with a promised life cycle of two tothree times that of a halogen. Advance’s 120-V e-Vision ballast features lamp wattage regulation,power control over lamp life and a lightweight,compact design. The ballasts are thermally protectedand include an automatic shutdown featurethat removes power from lamps when theyreach end-of-life, thereby enhancing safety andeliminating lamp cycling.111 Advance Transformer Co.Calibrated light meterStaco Energy Products Co. debuted its TreStar924—an online, three-phase UPS for emergencylighting systems. TreStar 924 offers immediatepower switching, battery management system,automatic diagnostics, remote monitoring andother features. This UPS provides the 90-minutesof back-up power and quick recharge timerequired by UL 924, and meets all the requirementsof ANSI/NFPA 101 and Article 700 ofANSI/NFPA 70.115 Staco Energy Products Co.INFO NO. 10Can-Twist , the popularCanadian wire connector,just got hotter!The new EXTREME versionof this design is an easyto apply high temperaturewire connector that can hold3#22 wires to 4#12 (solid).It is CSA certified for up to 150°C (302°F),great for lamps, fans, motors and buildingsrequiring high temperature connectors.For information call: 1-800-824-3325*most popular applicationsBetter than perfect. It’s…Exclusive StoriesCalendar of EventsIndustry LinksGlossary of TermsAdvertisingOpportunitiesare Available!The cal-LIGHT 400 calibrated precision light meteris a point-and-click device used for measuringhow much light is falling down onto a surface.The device uses a silicon photodiode sensor correctedto as the human eye sees. Every cal-LIGHTis certifiably calibrated and recognized by theNational Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST).112 The Cooke Corp.High-temperaturewire connectorIdeal Industries launched Can-Twist Extrême, aone-size-fits-all wire connector created specificallyfor the Canadian high-temperature wireconnector market. It is moulded from a specialresin to meet the demands of specialty marketssuch as lighting, motors and other high-heatelectrical installations. CSA certified for up to150ºC/302ºF, its swept wing design providesgreater gripping power, while its side walls flexto accommodate various loads. Meantime, anextended skirt provides over-strip protection.116Ideal Industries (Canada) Corp.10 • JANUARY 2005 • www.mag.com

PRODUCT SHOWCASE //TOOLS FOR THE TRADE //Continued from page 9Fish tape power winderGreenlee’s patented 438PW fish tape power winderadapts to Greenlee 100- to 240-ft. fish tapes, lettingusers rewind the tape with a battery drill. The438PW can also be used to pull a poly line throughconduit. The power winder snaps into the fish tapecase and can be easily removed when not needed.For fast and easy rewinding, users can snap thepower winder into the fish tape, chuck the socketinto a battery drill, and drive the power winderwith the drill.117 GreenleeAutomatic transfer switchThe OTEC automatic transfer switch from Cumminsis designed to provide load transfer for a range ofemergency and standby power applications.Featuring a microprocessor-based control panel,the switch transfers loads between a utility serviceand generator set. Standard features include opentransition load transfer with selectable phase checkor programmed transition; three-phase utility voltagesensing and single-phase sensing on the generator;and adjustable time delays and integralexercise clock to aid in generator maintenance. Theswitch is available in ratings from 40–1000 A inthree- or four-pole configurations, up to 600 VAC.118 Cummins Power GenerationWire protectionDevice Technologies’ FM series is the latest additionto its Spring-Fast wire protection grommet edgingfamily of products. This series is designed with aunique castle profile—one side with a traditionalcastle and the other with a smooth flat profile thatmounts flush to the parallel edge surface. Thisdesign reduces the chance of a wire, cable bundle,fibre, hose or tube snagging and developing abrasiondamage while maintaining the same grippingstrength, multi-axis flexibility and abrasion protectionof other Spring-Fast products.119Device Technologies Inc.Infrared windowsWhen used in conjunction with a thermal camera,Global Maintenance Technologies’ infrared windowshelp you safely inspect medium- and highvoltageelectrical equipment in manufacturingfacilities, office buildings, ships, hotels and more.The line includes UL-approved 2-in., 3-in. and 4-in.windows that allow IR inspection without openingdoors, thereby minimizing the chance of an arcflash explosion.120 Atlas Inspection Technologies Inc.Vibration spectrumanalyzers and softwareDatastick’s VSA-1227 and -1247 vibration spectrumanalyzers and Spectrum software forruggedized Palm-Powered PDAs use Fast FourierTransform (FFT) displays for ICP® accelerometers.The VSA-1227 provides two analogue input channelswhile the VSA-1247 provides four. When usedwith Datastick Spectrum software and ICPaccelerometers, the two analyzers display FFTsnapshots in 13 selectable ranges up to 0–5 kHzat a single-sided-spectrum resolution of up to1024 points with nine windowing options. TheVSA-1227 and VSA-1247 come with a choice ofserial or USB cable for charging and syncing to aWindows-based PC.121 Datastick Systems Inc.Hammer drill bitsBosch Power Tools has released its line of hammercarbide accessories: the second-generation SDSplusS4 carbide rotary hammer drill bits. Withimprovements in carbide geometry, head and flutedesign, and additional sizes, the new bit line offersincreased precision and durability. By integrating anewly patented centric carbide tip, Bosch hasincreased stability and guidance for more precisepositioning and smoother starts. Additionally, eachbit offers higher diameter tolerances with lessvibration.122 Bosch Power ToolsCordless drillsAble to perform in a variety of applications,DeWALT’s three new compact cordless drills offerusers better performance and ergonomics. The18-, 14.4- and 12-V drills boast soft-grip handlesand transmissions with 5-5-5 planetary gears. Eachdrill also features a patented three-stage chargerand automatic tune-up mode. They supply hightorque, with top speeds varying from 1400 to 1500rpm and low speeds varying from 400 to 450 rpm.123 DeWALT Industrial Tool Co.Machine tool transformersFoster introduced a line of transformers thatincludes a range of lead configurations, includinglead wires and screws, terminal blocks and others,to suit specific customer needs. The transformersare intended for machine tools, industrial controls,automation equipment and other commercial andindustrial equipment applications requiring an isolatedstep-down transformer. Models from0.025–5 kVA are available in UL/CUL-recognizedand -listed configurations. UL-recognized modelsare offered with Class 130 insulation systems whilethe listed models feature UL Class 180 insulationsystems. All models feature 240/480-V, 50/60-Hzprimary windings with optional 208-V tap.124 Foster TransformerAC drive for HVACBased on cell phone familiarity, ABB’s ACH550DriveIT low-voltage AC drive is designed to accomplisha single objective: ease of use. Similar in look,feel and functionality to a mobile phone, the keypadfeatures separate HAND, OFF and AUTO keys,parameter set keys (arrows for incremental up ordown sets) and two soft keys, the functions ofwhich change according to the operating state ofthe panel. A built-in HELP button and real-timeclock assist in programming and fault diagnostics,enabling faster set-up, simple configuration andrapid fault diagnosis. ABB also introduced BACnetas a loadable option on new variable-frequencydrive (VFDs) for the ACH550 series.125 ABB Inc.Power supplies andfrequency convertersDesigned for high-voltage applications,Absopulse’s HVC2k AC/DC power supply employshigh-frequency conversion technology to deliver85, 125, 136, 250, 270 or 300 VDC from a 115/230-VAC input. This 2000-W unit can be configured forbetween one and three regulated outputs, and abuilt-in redundancy diode allows for parallel connectionto achieve higher output power, or N+1redundancy. It is designed to meet internationalsafety approval requirements including IEC 950,CSA 22-2-950 and UL 1950. It also meets EN 55022Class A EMI emissions regulations as a minimum.The company is also offering a 500-VA frequencyconverter for applications in severe environments.The FC500-C sine wave frequency converterchanges an auto-ranging input of 115/230 VAC(±15 per cent) at 47–63 Hz to 115 Vrms/4.34 A at60 Hz. This output can be adjusted within a 105-Vto 130-VAC range via an internal potentiometer.Finally, the Absopulse PFC65-PX series conductioncooled power supply is designed for use in harshenvironments where 300-W continuous operationto +80ºC (cold plate) is required. This power factorcorrecteddesign employs variable frequency topologyfor the PFC-input stage and half-bridge topologyfor the output stage to deliver adjustable singleoutputs of 12 V, 24 V or 48 VDC from its 90-V to 264-VAC (47–420 Hz) universal input. The power factoris corrected to a minimum of 0.97 at full load for theentire input range.126 Absopulse Electronics Ltd.A user should always pick up and test a tool beforemaking a purchase. This is extremely important forprofessionals in the trades who will use the tool forlong periods. Avoid any tool where the handle feelstoo big or too small, or has sharp edges.ControlsAll controls for a power tool should be well labelledand located properly so the user can identify and recognizeeach function easily.• Triggers and actuation levers should be designedwith smooth edges and have rubber surfaces (whereappropriate) with sufficient texture to provide goodfriction and prevent slippage.• Triggers should be easy to pull and wide enough toprevent them from digging into your skin.For example, the ON/OFF switch on a table sawshould be big in size, red in colour and clearly visibleto the operator in case of emergency. This sameprinciple applies to all power tools. Avoid any toolwhere the controls or accessories are too difficult toactuate due to their size, shape, location or colour.Healthier bottom lineErgonomics continues to play a major role in shapingthe future of power tools. One area in particularthat will impact tool design is the EuropeanCommission’s Physical Agents Directive. First put forwardin 1993, it initially sought to establish a frameworkfor the regulation of physical agents at workapplying to noise, vibration, optical radiation andnon-optical electromagnetic fields. It was revised in1999 to limit its scope to hand-arm and whole-bodyvibration (with the intention of developing directiveson other physical agents later).In the United Kingdom, the Physical AgentsPolicy Unit of the Health & Safety Executive (HSE)is responsible for policy on physical agents, includingnoise, and for producing publications in the form ofguidance and regulations. According to the unit’stimetable, it plans on publishing noise and vibrationguidelines in October 2005 with full compliancewith the regulations expected by February 2006.With Europe moving ahead with these regulations,can Canada be far behind?Closer to home, the State of Washington currentlyleads North America in implementing legislationrequiring reductions in tool noise and vibration. Tohelp employers understand the state’s ErgonomicsRule (WAC 296-62-051, Ergonomics), it has issued asimple guide entitled: Pocket Guide to Caution ZoneJobs: Does Washington’s Ergonomics Rule Apply to MyBusiness? Besides covering topics such as lifting, kneeling,squatting, etc., it discusses issues such as highhand-arm vibration. It explains the risk factor is greatwhen using impact wrenches, carpet strippers, chainsaws, percussive tools (jack hammers, scalers, rivetingor chipping hammers) or other hand tools that typicallyhave high vibration levels.The purpose of the rule is to reduce employeeexposure to specific workplace hazards that can causeor aggravate WMSDs. In workplaces where thesehazards exist, employers must reduce them to preventthe WMSDs mentioned earlier.It is important to realize that, much like chairs, workstations,etc., ergonomically designed tools are notsome passing fad. More people understand that whentools are designed ergonomically, the tradesperson canwork longer, safely, with increased productivity on thejobsite—all of which translates into a healthier bottomline. For their part, tool manufacturers need to assesstheir designs and ensure they implement features thatcontrol undue noise and vibration levels while maintainingcompetitive performance.GABRIEL CONCARI is currently a senior project industrialdesigner for DeWALT, but has also worked for manufacturerslike Fiskars and Black & Decker. He has over 15 years of experiencein industrial design, and can be reached by e-mail atgabriel.concari@bdk.com or by calling (410) 847-6557.www.mag.com • JANUARY 2005 • 11

LIBRARY//For more information, enter the number on the card in this issue20Custom Armoring,Jacketing and SpecialConstructions:Northern Cables Inc. provides custominterlocked armor services on othermanufactured cores supplied by thecustomer. The most common materialsfor armor are aluminum or galvanizedsteel. Choice of material thickness andgrade can vary depending on the physicalproperties required by the end user.Other materials are available uponrequest.Northern Cables Inc.888-524-5050info@northerncables.comwww.northerncables.com21Tools for IndustrialElectrical ApplicationsAn unbeatable tool selection for industrialelectrical applications. Thisbrochure provides an overview ofThomas & Betts' extensive tool offeringincluding manual, hydraulic and battery-operatedcompression tools. Alsoinside, a comprehensive die selectionsection that makes matching dies totools fast and easy.Thomas & BettsTel: 450-347-5318Fax: 450-347-1976www.tnb-canada.com/catalogues/en/ tools.html22Greenlee and Tempo’sNew Voice/Data/VideoCatalog Designed forSuccess From Start ToFinishGreenlee and Tempo have cometogether to offer a complete line ofinnovative, rugged and practicalvoice/data/video equipment thatensures a job is done right. A comprehensivelisting of these products is nowavailable in the new product catalog.Greennleewww.greenlee.comorwww.tempo.textron.com23MEDIUM VOLTAGESTARTERSThe RediStart MV+ series is a fullyintegrated, programmable family ofClass E2 load break/combination solidstate medium voltage starters. Thisintegrated design includes control andpower electronics as well as bypassand isolation contactors that reducemaintenance and operating costscompared to other methods. TheRediStart MV+ series can be engineeredto suit your needs.Benshaw CanadaTel: 519-291-5112Fax: 519-291-2595www.benshaw.com24RSi SX SeriesThe RSi SX series is a family of modularhigh performance sensorless vectordrives which feature the easiestprogramming on the market today.Standard are the Nema 1,12 enclosures,Modbus RTU (optional devicenet, metasys communication), built inDB resistor and a wide variety ofinputs and outputs.Benshaw CanadaTel: 519-291-5112Fax: 519-291-2595www.benshaw.com25More Options. More Brains.More Brawn. Less Waste.BRADY's new handheld labelling system haseverything it takes to make you anIdentification Expert! The IDXPERT is the firsthandheld cartridge based labelling systemthat can print die-cut labels, self-laminatinglabels and sleeves as well as continuoustapes...You name it IDXPERT prints it!Choose from two keyboard layouts, thenselect from a wide range of label materialsengineered just for your application. Thatincludes wire and cable markers; panel, rackand frame ID; facilities labels; and specialtylabels for labs and work spaces.BradyTel: 1-800-263-6179Fax: 800-387-4935www.bradycanada.com26Wunpeece Duct SpacerThe Wunpeece Spacer is the ideal ductspacer for all concrete encased ductbank projects. The Wunpeece replacestraditional base and intermediate ductspacers. With its sturdy one piece constructionand snap-in design, fieldassembly is significantly reduced andlabor can be cut by as much as 50% oninstallation. 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MARKETPLACE //For more information, enter the number on the card in this issueADVERTISER’S INDEX //Advertiser Website Page No.Benshaw www.benshaw.com 10Brady Inc www.bradycanada.com 14Falvo Electrical Supply www.falvo.com 13Greenlee Textron www.greenlee.textron.com 2Humber College www.appliedtechnology.humber.ca 13Ideal Industries www.idealindustries.com 10l.Stoch and Associates www.lstoch.com 13Megger Ltd www.megger.com 7Nexans www.nexans.ca 1Northern Cables Inc www.northerncables.com 6Power Survey www.powersurvey.com 13Southwire www.southwire.com 9Techspan www.techspan.ca 15Thomas&Betts www.tnb-canada.com 1&16Underground Devices Inc www.udevices.com 8V J Pamensky www.pamensky.com 4Waltech Associates www.waltechassociates.com 13INFO NO. 14WANTEDMolded Case Circuit Breakers. New & Used, All Brands.Motor Control & MCC. Buckets in A&B, S.D. & W.H. & C.H.Please call, email or fax Ralph Falvo with your list.FALVO ELECTRICAL SUPPLY LTD.5838-87A St., Edmonton, Alberta1-800-661-8892780-466-8078 Fax 780-468-1181email: rjf@falvo.comINFO NO. 15Electrical Design/Simulation SoftwareThe Constructor - New Release Ver.7-Ladder Logic, Electrical Circuit & Control simulation- Demo Constructor C.D. available on requestTutorial Software -PLC Trainerwith LogixTrainer and LogixPro Simulator.- New Control Logix TrainerTel: (905) 336-7664 Fax: (905) 632-5597e-mail: info@waltechassociates.comwww.waltechassociates.comINFO NO. 16EB MARKETPLACEYour source to• buy or sell• search for an employee• advertise a course• promote a product• advertise a job openingat great rates!Over 18,000 coast to coast distribution!EB MARKETPLACE.... your market... covered!Contact Bill Begin at 905-713-4335.INFO NO. 17INFO NO. 18www.mag.com • JANUARY 2005 • 13

CODE FILE //Even close neighboursbond differentlyBY LES STOCH, P.Eng.INFO NO. 11The Canadian Electrical Code (CEC ) and its Americancounterpart—the National Electrical Code (NEC )—provide similar definitions for the metallic means ofbonding electrical equipment and raceways. In thismonth’s column, I review some of the similarities and differencesbetween acceptable bonding methods in Canada and theUnited States.Let’s start with how ‘bonding’ is defined in our respective codes.Bonding definitionsAccording to CEC, bonding is... a low impedance path obtained by permanently joining allnon-current-carrying metal parts to assure electrical continuityand having the capacity to conduct safely any current likelyto be imposed on it.NEC says bonding is... the permanent joining of metallic parts to form an electricallyconductive path that ensures electrical continuity and thecapacity to conduct safely any current likely to be imposed.Tackle the Code Conundrum... if you dareSo, you think you know the electricalcode, eh? Well, we’ll soon find out ifyou’re an electrical code junkie ordownright code-clueless. Take a lookat the following questions and checkyour answers online at www.ebmag.com (under Online Exclusives), or inFebruary’s Electrical Business.Questions and answers compiled by Ted Olechnaof the Electrical Safety Authority.AEB104ABCLayoutQuestion 1: Is it acceptable to run non-metallic,liquid-tight flexible conduit along a building wallto protect R90 conductors from the weather?a) Yes, when the liquid-tight flexible conduit doesnot exceed 5 ft in length.b) Yes, in lengths not exceeding what is essential forthe required flexibility.c) No.d) Yes, liquid-tight flexible conduit may be used for ageneral-purpose raceway.Question 2: Where are you permitted to install amanufactured wiring system?a) An accessible location.This is not a misprint!Everything you need at a price you won’t believe...KeyboardLayoutTwo printer keyboard layouts.Identical functionality and supplies.b) A dry location.c) A wet location.d) a and b.e) a and c.f) None of the above.Question 3: For an outdoor station, whatdistance from the edge of the grid shall the fencebe located with respect to the station groundelectrode area?a) 900 mm (35 in.).b) 1.8 m (6 ft).c) 1 m (3 ft).d) 2 m (6.5 ft).Brady’s Outstanding New ThermalHeat Transfer Portable Printer.More Options, More Brains,More Brawn… Less Waste!ELECTRICAL I.D.VOICE/DATA COMM I.D.MRO/FACILITY/SAFETYCatalog # DescriptionXPERT-ABC IDXPERT Printer – ABC Layout*XPERT-KEY IDXPERT Printer – KEYBOARD Layout** Printer ships with: Hard carry case, 1.5" x 30' Continuous Tape,PC Cable for upgrades only, Product CD with TutorialsCall 1-800-263-6179 for more information or to request a FREE Demo.Although some of the words are different and arranged differently,both CEC and NEC definitions provide the same,understandable overall objectives. There is, however, a greaterdifference between the words used in our codes to describebonding methods.CEC uses the term ‘bonding conductor’ to define the methodswe use for equipment bonding. NEC uses ‘equipmentgrounding conductor’. (This can cause confusion when usingAmerican literature... we really ought to settle on commonterminology.)Here is where the similarities come to an abrupt end.Whereas both codes list common bonding methods recognizedin both countries, NEC goes much further, offering a widerrange of permissible options than CEC.CEC permits the following bonding conductors:• copper conductors or other corrosion-resistant material (usuallyaluminum);• metal busbar or pipe;• rigid metal conduit (except stainless steel directly buried inconcrete/masonry that may be in contact with the earth, orwhere corrosion/damage is probable);• electrical metallic tubing (except in concrete/masonry in contactwith the earth, or where corrosion/damage is probable);• copper/aluminum sheaths or the marked conductors of mineral-insulatedcable (except cables with aluminum sheaths,which require corrosion protection as necessary); and• sheaths of aluminum-sheathed cables (corrosion protectionnecessary).Now check out this list from NEC, which allows so many moreequipment grounding conductors (I have underscored thebonding methods permitted by NEC that are not used inCanada). Some of these have numerous conditions, though, andappear very complex:• copper, aluminum or copper-clad aluminum conductors;• rigid metal conduit;• intermediate metal conduit (not recognized by CEC );• electrical metallic tubing;• flexible metal conduit when both conduit and fittings are listedfor grounding (‘listing’ is the American equivalent of theCEC term ‘approval’);• flexible metal conduit unlisted for grounding (when usedwith listed fittings, maximum 20-A circuit overcurrent protection,up to 1.8 metres in length, and installed for purposesother than to provide flexibility);• flexible metal tubing with fittings listed for grounding(circuit protection up to 20 amperes and up to1.8 metres in length);• armour of armoured cables (when installed usingmethods providing an effective fault path);• copper sheaths of mineral-insulated cables;• type MC metal-clad cables where listed forgrounding (using a combination of either bondingconductors and interlocked metal tape, orbonding conductors and metallic sheaths);• cable trays (when identified for grounding purposes,of suitable cross-sectional area and so marked, withproperly selected connections or bonding jumpersand maintained by qualified personnel);• cablebus framework (for branch circuits and feedersonly); and• electrically continuous metal raceways and auxiliarygutters listed for grounding.As you can see, CEC is more prescriptive and permitsa narrower range of methods for bonding electricalequipment and raceways. NEC is more objectivebased, offering more ways of achieving the sameresult but with many conditions. And while it seemsas though NEC provides more flexibility, it demandsa more advanced level of knowledge for selecting andapplying some of the available bonding options. Soeven though CEC offers fewer options, it is definitelysimpler to interpret and apply.Which do you think is more practicable?Word of adviceAs always, check with your local electrical inspectionauthority for more authoritative code interpretations.LES STOCH, P.Eng., is president of L. Stoch & Associates, specialistsin quality management/engineering services. He isa member of Professional Engineers Ontario, the AmericanSociety for Quality, Ontario Electrical League and theInternational Association of Electrical Inspectors. Les developsand delivers electrical code and technical workshops forDalhousie University and has developed the MasterElectrician training program and Master Electrician Exam(Ontario) for the Electrical Contractor Registration Agency.He reviewed proposed amendments to the 2002 ElectricalSafety Code on behalf of Ontario’s Ministry of Consumerand Business Services prior to its adoption as legislation.Les can be reached via e-mail at info@lstoch.com, or by calling(905) 828-2262.14 • JANUARY 2005 • www. mag.com

PRODUCT COUNTER For more information, enter the Info. No. on the card in this issueFERRULES - FERRULES !!FREE WIRE DUCT SAMPLES*Safer connection of stranded wireSingle, Double Wire, Non-InsulatedFull Range of tools to meet each budget and volumewww.techspan.biz/te/ferruleWe Sell Through Distributors from Coast to CoastINFO NO. 351-800-363-1588Fax: 905-820-6142Mississauga, ONPOWER DISTRIBUTIONBLOCKSAvailable in white, grey, wide finger, & narrow fingerCSA approved. Top European quality. PVC or NorylAccessories- rivets, dividers, cross-arms, label holders*For CSA approved shops only. Simply type in the web link below,fill in the free sample order form, fax it to us, and we’ll have ourlocal stocking distributor deliver the samples to you at no charge.www.techspan.biz/te/freeductINFO NO. 361-800-363-1588Fax: 905-820-6142e-mail: sales@techspan.on.caTERMINAL BLOCKSAND STRIPSStock onlysingle pole.They snaptogethereasily tomake multipoleunits.Huge selection from 14 AWG to 500 MCMCSA approved, tin plated aluminum connectorsSingle and double primary line sidesUp to 12 secondary outlets on load sidewww.techspan.biz/te/power90% of shipments made same day1-800-363-1588Fax: 905-820-6142e-mail: sales@techspan.on.caINFO NO. 37CSA approvedGreat selection, price, and deliveryMany sizes for various cable gageswww.techspan.biz/te/blocksCross-reference 15,000 competitor part numbersINFO NO. 381-800-363-1588Mississauga, ON

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