Fishing capacity management and IUU fishing in Asia - FAO.org

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Percent1009080706050403020100Australia Bangladesh Cambodia Pakistan Philippines Sri Lanka Thailand Viet NamIndustrialSmall-scaleInlandFigure 1: The percentage of the three largest industrial, small-scale and inland fisheries ineach country where fishing capacity has been reported to have been assessedbeen paid to the assessment of fishing capacity in inland fisheries. Therefore, the situation withregard measuring fishing capacity in industrial fisheries does not seem to have changed significantlysince 2002, although there seems to have been in increase in the number of small-scale fisherieswhere fishing capacity is being measured 5 . The proportion of small-scale fisheries for which fishingcapacity has been assessed is, however, still only about 50 percent, compared with about 62 percentfor industrial fisheries but only 33 percent for inland fisheries.3.4 What are the legislative and institutional barriers to addressing fishing capacity inthe region?A review of fisheries legislation in the region in 2006 (Morgan, 2006) showed that 56 percent ofcountries of the region did not have the legislative ability within their national fisheries laws to limitthe number of licenses issued to fishers and/or vessels. However, of the ten countries that respondedto the current questionnaire, only two responded that they did not have such legislative powers forboth industrial and small-scale, artisanal fisheries (Table 3a and 3b). This discrepancy may be dueto the extent of administrative powers within national legislation 6 . The ability to limit licenses iscritical to addressing capacity issues and countries that do not have these powers should beencouraged to review their relevant legislation.Management plans, which often have a formal legal status 7 , (see below), are becoming increasinglycommon in most countries. Of the ten respondents, eight reported that they had developedmanagement plans for their major industrial fisheries (Table 3a). However, management plans aremuch less common for small-scale fisheries (Table 3b) with only four countries reporting that theyhave these in place for their largest small-scale, artisanal fisheries. This contrasts with responses in2003, when only two countries reported that they had developed management plans for any fishery.It is, however, important that management plans for any fishery in the region are actually used toguide implementation of management measures and are widely disseminated. In this regard, it isencouraging that, of the fisheries that were reported as having management plans, 86 percent ofthese management plans were reported as having a formal legal status although in 35 percent of5Although this is based on a limited sample of countries.6China and India also reported at the workshop that they have the power, at either national or state (provincial) level to limitlicence numbers and have used these powers in capacity management programmes.7Since some countries are still using fisheries legislation which dates back more than thirty years, revising and reforming thelegislation is an essential accompanying activity to introduction of management measures.10
Table 3: A summary of tools available to address fishing capacity issues11(a) In the three largest industrial fisheries:National or Vessels Fishermen Fishing gear Catch and effort Management Laws allow licenseforeign vessels? registered? registered? licensed? statistics collected? plans in place? limitation?Australia 100 percent national >90 percent >90 percent Y Y Y Yregistered registeredBangladesh (1) 70–90 percent national >90 percent >90 percent (1) N Y Y Y for both fishers(2) 100 percent national registered registered (2) Y and boatsCambodia 100 percent national (1) 30–50 percent (1) 30–50 percent 30–50 percent Y Y Y for both fishersregistered registered licensed and boats(2) 50–70 percent (2) 50–70 percentregistered registered(inland)(inland)Indonesia (1) 100 percent national >90 percent >90 percent >90 percent Y (1) Y Y for both fishers(2) 100 percent national registered registered licensed (2) being drafted and boats(3) >90 percent national (3) in draftMalaysia 100 percent national >90 percent 70–90 percent >90 percent Y N Y for both fishersregistered registered licensed and boatsPakistan (1) 100 percent national >90 percent Not fisheries N Y N N for both fishers(2) >90 percent national registered specific and boats(3) 100 percent nationalPhilippines (1) 100 percent national 70–90 percent 70–90 percent 70–90 percent (1) Y (1) N Y for both fishers(2) 100 percent national registered registered but not licensed (2) N (2) Y and boats(3) 100 percent national fisheries specific (3) Y (3) YThailand 100 percent national 70–90 percent Not fisheries (1) 70–90 percent Y Y N for fishers,registered specific licensed Y for boats(2) >90 percentlicensed
Page 1 and 2: Fishing capacitymanagement and IUUf
Page 3 and 4: The designation and presentation of
Page 5 and 6: Table of contentsExecutive summary
Page 7 and 8: 1. IntroductionAsia is the world’
Page 9 and 10: 2. MethodologyUp to date informatio
Page 11 and 12: 3. Fisheries capacity management in
Page 13 and 14: Unless these pre-requisites are add
Page 15: Box 3: What the fishers are saying
Page 19 and 20: fisheries with management plans, th
Page 21 and 22: egistration and licensing systems,
Page 23 and 24: It is also interesting to note from
Page 25 and 26: Table 5: Comparison between reporte
Page 27 and 28: 4. IUU issues in APFIC countriesIUU
Page 29 and 30: It is clear that foreign IUU fishin
Page 31 and 32: Conclusions: Countries of the regio
Page 33 and 34: The RPOA, which is designed to begi
Page 35: ASIA-PACIFIC FISHERY COMMISSIONFAO

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