Advanced Life Support Research and Technology Development Metric

More documents

Recommendations

Info

$Marine seismic refraction.pdf - SismOcean$

$CorrigÃ© - Cours et Exercices corriges : Cristallographie, Diffraction$

$Chapitre 14 - Cours et Exercices corriges : Cristallographie, Diffraction$

Once the total physical requirements of the LSS using the ISS ECLSS technologyare determined, an overall ESM may be determined by applying the infrastructure costs.Note that the crew time cost is determined iteratively in this computation because itdepends on the ESM of the LSS for the remaining cost factors.ALS Metric Equivalent System Mass Calculations for ISS ECLSS Technology [kg ESM]Mars Transfer Vehicle Mass Volume Power Cooling Crew Time Total ESM(MTV)Transit Out 10,386 27,591 885 216 277 39,355Surface Operations 24,465 51 590 683 922 26,712MTV Total 66,066Earth Return Vehicle (ERV) Mass Volume Power Cooling Crew Time Total ESMTransit Back 10,386 27,591 885 216 277 39,355Single Mission Totals 45,237 55,234 2,360 1,114 1,476 105,421Three Mission Totals 135,712 165,701 7,080 3,343 4,427 316,262The total for all three missions is 316 metric tons. Dividing the crew mission time by theESM yields a crew time equivalency of 0.243 person•hr/kg. This marginal cost is used forestimating LSS crew time costs, though the impact in this case is negligible.Equivalent System Mass for ALSS Technology BaselineIn the tables which follow, the ALSS technology, detailed earlier, has been resizedusing appropriate duration and infrastructure equivalencies.ALS BaselineCrew 6 peopleDuration 400 daysMass[kg]Volume[m³]Power[kW]Cooling[kW]Fixed Values 3,062 317 7.18 7.18Time DependentValuesCrew Time[per•hr/kg]ResupplyMass[kg/yr]ResupplyVolume[m³/yr]136.5 10,103 9.6ALS Metric Equivalent System Mass (ESM) Calculations for ALSS Technology [kg ESM]Mars Transfer Vehicle Mass Volume Power Cooling Crew Time Total ESM(MTV)Transit Out 7,609 21,429 598 151 183 29,971Surface Operations 15,155 30 399 479 612 16,674MTV Total 46,645Earth Return Vehicle (ERV) Mass Volume Power Cooling Crew Time Total ESMTransit Back 7,609 21,429 598 151 183 29,971Single Mission Totals 30,372 42,889 1,595 781 979 76,615Three Mission Totals 91,116 128,666 4,785 2,342 2,936 229,846The total cost for all three missions would be 230 metric tons. Using the same approachfor crew time as above, the crew time equivalency is 0.335 person•hr/kg.
The ALSS technologies yield significantly less massive system than do the ISSECLSS technologies. The Metric is defined as the ratio of the ESM for a LSS using ISSECLSS technologies divided by the ESM for a LSS using ALSS technologies. OrThe Metric =ESM of LSS using ISS ECLSS technologiesESM of LSS using ALSS technologies316,262 kgThe Metric == 1.38229,846 kgThus, the ALSS technologies are 27% less massive than the corresponding ISS ECLSStechnologies and yield a Metric value of 1.38 based on current estimates.Cautions and DisclaimersThese system level equivalent mass estimates are preliminary, and somewhatheterogeneous. The level of detail is about comparable, but the data are not classifiedexactly the same. In the interests of time, simplifications have been made. However, theapproach is clearly defined, and presents an approach that can be refined.As stated above, these estimates intentionally do not include contingency. A validand acceptable contingency plan will be needed that can be applied to both approaches inorder to adequately identify the real mission masses.ReferencesBourland, C. T. (1998) Flight Crew Support Division, National Aeronautics andSpace Administration, Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas.Personal communication.Carrasquillo, R. L., Reuter, J. L., and Philistine, C. L. (1997) “Summary ofResources for the International Space Station Environmental Control and LifeSupport System,” SAE 972332, 27 th International Conference on EnvironmentalSystems, Lake Tahoe, Nevada, July 14-17, 1997, Society of AutomotiveEngineers, Inc., Warrendale, Pennsylvania.Drake, B. G. (1998) “Reference Mission Version 3.0, Addendum to the HumanExploration of Mars: The Reference Mission of the NASA Mars ExplorationStudy Team,” EX13-98-036, Exploration Office, National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration, Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas, June, 1998.This document may be found on the Internet at:http://exploration.jsc.nasa.gov/explore/explore.htmDrysdale, A. E. (1998) The Boeing Company, Kennedy Space Center, Florida.Personal communication.Hanford, A. J. (1997) “Advanced Regenerative Life Support System Study,”JSC-38672, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Lyndon B. JohnsonSpace Center, Houston, Texas.
Page 1 and 2: IntroductionAdvanced Life Support R
Page 3 and 4: Number of Crew per Mission 6Transit
Page 5 and 6: International Space Station Environ
Page 7 and 8: For clothing, a laundry is assumed.
Page 9: Advanced Life Support Research and

Advanced Life Support Research and Technology Development Metric

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?