Water Quality for Wyoming Livestock & Wildlife - Coming Soon!

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5 MolybdenumMolybdenum (Mo), an essential trace element required<strong>for</strong> nitrogen fixation and the reduction of nitrate tonitrite in plants and bacteria, is widely distributed innature. 214 Geochemical surveys in England found thatMo content in soil and sediment corresponds closelyto underlying black shales. 215 Other sources of Mo inthe environment include industrial contamination bymetal alloy manufacturing, copper mining, and coalmining. 216-221 Molybdenum occurs predominately asthe molybdate (MoO 42-) ion in natural water sources,and concentrations are typically very low (
Page 1 and 2: Water Qualityfor Wyoming Livestock
Page 3: AbbreviationsADG - average daily ga
Page 6 and 7: 7 pH 31Function. . . . . . . . . .
Page 8 and 9: animal drinks. Water intake is tech
Page 10 and 11: ter or “mg X/L”. If the substan
Page 12 and 13: tion between the erythrocytic and p
Page 14 and 15: in diseases such as cancer. 10,20,2
Page 17 and 18: 3 BariumBarium (Ba), an alkaline ea
Page 19 and 20: exposed to 100 mg Ba 2+ /L had depr
Page 21 and 22: 4 FluorideFluorine (F) is the most
Page 23 and 24: lost weight and many died at the hi
Page 25: Our search of the literature pertai
Page 29 and 30: well as reduced feed intake, follow
Page 31 and 32: 6 Nitrate and NitriteThe nitrate (N
Page 33 and 34: mortalities of 16-44% on button gra
Page 35: Assuming negligible forage NO 3conc
Page 38 and 39: We were unable to find any reports
Page 41 and 42: 8 SeleniumSelenium (Se), a metalloi
Page 43 and 44: A single subcutaneous dose of 2 mg
Page 45: The effects of water-borne Se are,
Page 48 and 49: normal physiological response to el
Page 50 and 51: 2.5 g Na/kg BW). Most animals will
Page 52 and 53: Dietary S may also antagonize Cu me
Page 54 and 55: tions; thus, studies with small num
Page 56 and 57: Elevated TDS adversely affects the
Page 59: 13 Research NeedspH - The original
Page 62 and 63: 17. Hindmarsh J.T. and McCurdy R.F.
Page 64 and 65: 52. Valentine B.A., Rumbeiha W.K.,
Page 66 and 67: 86. Roth T.R. and Reddy K.J. (2007)
Page 68 and 69: 121. Gould D.B., Sorrell M.R. and L
Page 70 and 71: 153. Whitford G.M. (1994). Intake a
Page 72 and 73: 186. Neeley K.L. and Harbaugh F.G.
Page 74 and 75: 220. Parker W.M. and Rose T.H. (195
Page 76 and 77:
253. Auza N., Braun J.P., Benard P.
Page 78 and 79:
285. Van Reen R. (1954). The influe
Page 80 and 81:
317. Osweiler G.D., Carson T.L., Bu
Page 82 and 83:
349. McKenzie R.A., Rayner A.C., Th
Page 84 and 85:
382. Ensley S.M. (2000): Relationsh
Page 86 and 87:
415. Raisbeck M.F. (2007). Unpublis
Page 88 and 89:
448. Halverson A.W. and Monty K.J.
Page 90 and 91:
481. Mihailovic M., Matic G., Lindb
Page 92 and 93:
515. National Research Council (198
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549. Strange K. (1992). Regulation
Page 96 and 97:
585. Digesti R.D. and Weeth H.J. (1
Page 98 and 99:
618. Patterson H.H., Johnson P.S.,
Page 100:
650. Ray D.E. (1989). Interrelation
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