SUDAN BIRDS

Order - - PASSERIFORMES.Sub-Order OSCINES.Family ALAUD1DM.KEY TO SPECIES.fWing of ten primaries, the first abastard primary ... ... ... 2Wing of nine primaries only, theI bastard primary being absent ... CcdaftdreXla brctchydactila, 393.f Bill long and slender, culmen longer-< than the middle toe with claw Almmon alaudipes, 388.(^Bill not abnormally long and slender 3("Nostrils exposed\Nostrils hidden by plumelets... 4... 11f Shortest secondary falls short of tip of| wing by less than the length of thej tarsusShortest secondary falls short of tipof wing by the length of the tarsus,Pinarocorys eryihropygia, 385.10.n.f With bars on the upper tail-coverts ;•I wing less than 3.5 inches ... ... 6l^No bars on upper tail-coverts ... 7'Upper parts less rufous and verystrongly barred... Mirafra fischeri, 882.) Upper parts more rufous and scarcelyba,rred Mirafra rufocinamomea, 384..Larger; wing over 3.7 inches{ sSmalier ; wing under 3.5 inches[Tail mostly black, except tlie centralfeathers, which are uniform cinnamon-brown... Mirafra rufa, 383.Tail dusky brown with sandy edgesto the feathers ... Mirafra africana, 381.("Rufous on primaries entirely (Tosses[ a portion of both webs of some ofJ the feathers ... ... ... Mirafra cordofatiica, 380.| Rufous on primaries never crosses the] inner webs and very seldom the[ outer webs ... ... ... ... 10Tail with the shafts of the penultimatefeathers dark and the white patternj smaller ... ... ... ... Mirafra canlillans, 378.") Tail with the shafts of the penultimatefeathers white and the white patternlarger... ... ... ... ... Mirafra alhicauda, 379.fSexes extremely dissimilar in colourjing; bill finch-like 12Sexes alike in plumage; bill notfinch-like 13f—After Shelley, " Birds of Africa."13