SUDAN BIRDS

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An attempt has been made to indicate, as briefly as possible, thestatus, distribution and relative abundance of each species. Two pointshere seem to require explanation:—(I) DISTRIBUTION is given in reference to the map (Plate II), whichpurposes to represent, as far as possible, natural avifaunal districts. Inits main divisions (indicated by the broad red lines) this map is, exceptfor modifications in two points, a repetition of a small portion of theAvifaunal Map of the Ethiopian Region, as propounded by Mr. J. P.Chapin (American Naturalist, Vol. LVII, No. 649) and modified slightlyby Admiral Lynes (Ibis, 1925, p. 761, and 1926, PL VIII). The pointsof difference are :—(a) The extension northwards of the Sudanese Arid District to includethe Nile Valley as far as Haifa. This, I think, is justified by the informationand material collected by Mr. H. H. King in Dongola Province.(6) The exclusion, from the Sudanese Savana District, of a largetract of land known locally as the " Sudd." This is a flat, treeless plain,the greater part of which consists of permanent papyrus swamp, theremainder, in summer, swampy and covered by impenetrable tall grassis, in winter, a bare, inhospitable, sun-baked plain. Whereas a fewbirds (Balamiceps and some marsh-owls and Cisticolw) might be saidto be characteristic, its chief distinction from the surrounding savanalies in its almost complete absence of bird-life. On the map I haveindicated it by a broken line because, although from the narrow viewpointnecessarily taken here in dealing with a small portion of the continent,it is of some importance, from the broader aspect with which alone Mr.Chapin was concerned, the separation of it from the surrounding savanawould be as superfluous as the separation of Lake Victoria from itsenclosing East African Highland District, and both must, to my mind,be regarded rather as patches of neutral ground within each district thanas independent districts or sub-districts.As was emphasised by Mr. Chapin, the drawing of lines separatingone district from another is purely arbitrary, since, in Africa where thereare few natural boundaries, each district grades imperceptibly into theone next to it, and many species will seemingly transgress the limits laiddown for them. " A broad band of colour," as Mr. Chapin explains," fading imperceptibly towards its edges, might carry a truer pictureof actual changes."6
(II) RELATIVE ABUNDANCE. The following scale has been adopted :—rare.not common.fairly common.common.very common.abundant.In furnishing the data of the specimens in the Sudan GovernmentMuseum (N.H.) collection, abbreviations have been used where possible,viz. :—An asterisk (*) placed before the S.G.M. number signifies that specimenis a topographical specimen to which reference is made inAppendix B, p. 119.The usual sex signs and abbreviations have been used, viz. :—
Page 1 and 2: SUDAN GOVERNMENTCATALOGUE OFSUDAN B
Page 3: INTRODUCTION.It is questionable whe
Page 8 and 9: The Collector's name is abbreviated
Page 10 and 11: PLATE I.TOPOGRAPHY OF A BIRD SHOWIN
Page 12 and 13: 12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.23
Page 14 and 15: 12.13.14.15.16.17.'"Back pale sandy
Page 16 and 17: 386a. SUDAN HOOPOE-LARK.Alamort ala
Page 18 and 19: 392. EASTERN CALANDRA LARK.Mdanocor
Page 20 and 21: I" Upperparts brown with blackish^
Page 22 and 23: 403. WHITE WAGTAIL.MotaciUa alba al
Page 24 and 25: 408. EGYPTIAN BULBUL.Pycnonotus har
Page 26 and 27: 416. WHITE-BUMPED BUSH-BABBLER.Turd
Page 28 and 29: 18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.28.28.29.30
Page 30 and 31: 50.51.52.53.54.55.50.57.58.59.60.61
Page 32 and 33: 421. RED-FRONTED BUSH-WARBLER.Apaii
Page 34 and 35: 3.4.10.11.12.Outer tail-feathers wi
Page 36 and 37: 436. EASTERN SUBALPINE WARBLER.Sylv
Page 38 and 39: 445. GREAT REED-WARBLER.Acrocephalu
Page 40 and 41: 457. TAWNY-FLANKED LONGTAIL.Prinia
Page 42 and 43: 460. GOLD COAST FANTAIL GRASS-WARBL
Page 44 and 45: 471b. FERRUGINEUS GRASS-WARBLER.Cis
Page 46 and 47: 480. SNOWY-HEADED ROBIN-CHAT.Gossyp
Page 48 and 49: 488b. DARFUR BROWN-TAILED ROCK-CHAT
Page 50 and 51: 486b. CYPRIAN PIED CHAT.(Enanthe le
Page 52 and 53: SKINS.•S.G.M. 1813, 9, 1814, 9, 1
Page 54 and 55: {With a white band, or collar on ba
Page 56 and 57:
SKINS.*S.G.M. 2013, ?, 2014,
Page 58 and 59:
("Tarsi and toes feathered Delichon
Page 60 and 61:
535. ETHIOPIAN SWALLOW.Hirundo ceth
Page 62 and 63:
fNo bright pink on lower back ... 5
Page 64 and 65:
546c. SANDY BLACK-HEADED TCHAGRA.Tc
Page 66 and 67:
554a. ROSY-PATCHED SHRIKE.Rhodophon
Page 68 and 69:
SKINS.*S.G.M. 539,
Page 70 and 71:
566. NILE HELMET-SHRIKE.Prionops co
Page 72 and 73:
574. SENEGAL GOLDEN ORIOLE.Oriolus
Page 74 and 75:
("With either the whole head bare o
Page 76 and 77:
588. SUPERB STARLING.Spreo superbus
Page 78 and 79:
•S.G.M. 2126,
Page 80 and 81:
{Top of head metallic violet; abdom
Page 82 and 83:
609. COPPERY SUNBIRD.Cinnyris ewpre
Page 84 and 85:
Family PLOCEIDMKEY TO SPECIES.fWing
Page 86 and 87:
n n /Bill red Quelea quelea, 647.Za
Page 88 and 89:
("Nostrils hidden ; tail square, wi
Page 90 and 91:
Sub-familyPASSERINJE.KEY TO SPECIES
Page 92 and 93:
629. SPANISH SPARROW.Passer hispani
Page 94 and 95:
638. HEUGLIN'S MASKED WEAVER.Sitagr
Page 96 and 97:
646. RED-WINGED ANAPLECTES.Anaplect
Page 98 and 99:
658. YELLOW-MANTLED WHYDAH.Coliuspa
Page 100 and 101:
667. YELLOW-BACKED PYTELIA.Pytilia
Page 102 and 103:
674b. UGANDA RED-RUMPED WAXBILL.Est
Page 104 and 105:
685. ALEXANDER'S INDIGO-BIRD.Hypoch
Page 107 and 108:
692. TRUMPETER BULLFINCH.Bucanetes
Page 109 and 110:
700d. JEBEL MARRA HOUSE-BUNTING.Fri
Page 111 and 112:
Page 45. No. 116, substitute :116.
Page 113 and 114:
Page 58. No. 172, substitute :172.
Page 115 and 116:
268b. ETHIOPIAN BLACK CUCKOO.Cueulu
Page 117 and 118:
351(1. NILE SPECKLED MOUSEBIRD.Coit
Page 119 and 120:
AFRICA.*7. Pnalacroeorax afrieanus
Page 121 and 122:
*395a. Eremopterix nigrieeps albifr
Page 123 and 124:
*386a. Alaemon alaudipes meridional
Page 125 and 126:
GEBEIT.253c. Columba livia butler!
Page 127 and 128:
FUNG PROVINCE.(Otus senegalensis py
Page 129 and 130:
692b. Serinus mozambicus aurifrons
Page 131 and 132:
158. Balearica pavonina cecilise Mi
Page 133 and 134:
627a. Passer iagoensts cordofanicus
Page 135 and 136:
ZALINGEI.468b. Cistieola galaetotes
Page 137 and 138:
SOBAT RIVER.6S6. Urobrachya axillar
Page 139 and 140:
677. Estrilda nigricollis nigricoll
Page 141 and 142:
AGARU.635. Othyphantes emini emini
Page 143 and 144:
627b. Passer iagoensis shelleyi Sha
Page 145 and 146:
Amblyospiza, 634.amethystinus, Lamp
Page 147 and 148:
capensis, Euplectes, 653.capensis,
Page 149 and 150:
deserti, (Enanlhe, 498.desertorum,
Page 151 and 152:
Gonolek, Abyssinian, 551.Goose, Com
Page 153 and 154:
Land-Rail, 146.Laniarius, 551.Laniu
Page 155 and 156:
Nicator, West African, 555.niger, M
Page 157 and 158:
prenticei, Halcym »., 301.Prinia,
Page 159 and 160:
Skua, Pomatorhine, AppendixA.smithi
Page 161 and 162:
undulata, Chlamydotis «.,Appendix
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SUDAN BIRDS

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