Hair Care - DermaAmin

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Hair care 18 addressed via a review of systems and basic laboratory tests. Anemia, thyroid abnormalities and many illnesses can be evaluated by obtaining a complete blood count with differential, thyroid panel, and chemistry panel to include liver function Box 1.2 Medical causes of alopecia 1. Physical stress: surgery, illness (acute or chronic), anemia, lack of sleep 2. Emotional stress: psychiatric illness, death of family member, job loss, marital difficulties 3. Diet considerations: rapid weight loss or gain, unusual dieting habits, vegetarian, protein intake failure, prolonged fasting 4. Hormonal causes: postpartum, oral contraceptives, menopause, insufficient hormone supplementation, ingestion of testosterone-containing hormone supplements 5. Endocrinopathy: hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, hypoparathyroidism, hyperparathyroidism 6. Oral medications: a. blood thinning agents: heparin, coumarin b. retinoids: high dose vitamin A, isotretinoin, etretinate c. antihypertensive agents: propranolol, captopril d. miscellaneous: quinacrine, allopurinol, lithium carbonate, thiouracil compounds studies. If deemed clinically necessary, an antinuclear antibody (ANA) can also be obtained to rule out any collagen vascular diseases. A complete history can determine the nature of any severe physical or emotional stress and document the ingestion of prescription or over-the-counter medications or vitamin supplements. The three most common medical causes of female hair loss in a dermatology practice are the influences of physical stress, emotional stress, diet considerations, and hormonal difficulties. These are addressed in more detail below. a. Is the patient experiencing physical or emotional stress? Physical and emotional stress divert the body’s energies away from nonlife-sustaining activities, such as growing hair, to maintenance of the organs vital for survival, such as the heart, lungs, kidneys, liver, etc. Typically, it will take the body 6–9 months to reinitiate cosmetically visible hair growth after surgery, febrile illness, or severe emo tional stress. For this reason, the physician should take a history of the patient’s activities for at least the past year. In many cases, a 3-month delay is present between the actual event and the patient’s onset of hair loss. Furthermore, there may be another 3-month delay prior to the return of noticeable hair regrowth. Thus, the total hair loss and regrowth cycle can last 6 months, 9 months, or possibly longer. This timetable can be used to help the patient understand when hair regrowth can be expected. b. Is there a dietary cause for the hair loss? Hair loss due to rapid weight change or unusual dietary intake is not uncommon. Yoyo dieting among young people is a frequent cause of hair loss where the body enters periods of starvation, during which time energy is diverted away from hair growth. The
Hair physiology 19 rapid fluctuations in weight may precipitate continuous hair loss, since the body never achieves a 3-month period of stability when hair can regrow. These rapid fluctuations in weight are also seen in young Figure 1.20 The typical pattern of female pattern hair loss. persons with eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa and bulemia. Fad dieting may also be a problem when the diet is intentionally unbalanced to promote weight loss. Such diets include eating only grapefruit, which will result in weight loss, but also hair loss, due to the inadequate protein intake. Another fad diet is eating foods that are rich in protein while avoiding fruits, vegetables, and carbohydrates to put the body into a state of ketosis to decrease the appetite. Prolonged ketosis will also result in hair loss. It is best if the dieting can be done in a gradual manner, losing no more than half a pound weekly, while maintaining a balanced intake of protein and nutrients. This type of weight loss will spare the patient unnecessary hair loss. b. Are hormonal abnormalities precipitating hair loss? Hormonal causes of hair loss deserve special attention in the female patient. Many women do not realize that hair loss can present postpartum or following discontinuation of oral contraceptives. It is important to remind the female patient that hair loss may be delayed by 3 months following a hormonal status change and another 3–6 months may be required for regrowth to be fully appreciated. Perimenopausal and menopausal women with decreased ovarian estrogen production may also experience diffuse hair thinning, generally more prominent over the top of the head with bitemporal recession. A thin strip of hair at the anterior hairline is usually spared (Figure 1.20). Obtaining a follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level can be helping in determining if the patient is in menopause. However, many women will begin to experience significant hair loss, even though the FSH level is within the normal range. In this case, it is still advantageous to begin estrogen hormone replacement therapy, provided that there are other symptoms of menopause, such as irregular menses, hot
Page 2: Hair Care
Page 5 and 6: © 2005 Taylor & Francis, an imprin
Page 8: Foreword Patients expect their derm
Page 12 and 13: Contents Foreword vii Acknowledgeme
Page 15 and 16: 1 Hair physiology HAIR STRUCTURE AN
Page 17 and 18: Figure 1.2 Hair physiology 3 The ap
Page 19 and 20: Figure 1.4 Hair physiology 5 The ap
Page 21 and 22: Figure 1.6 The layers of the hair s
Page 23 and 24: Hair physiology 9 original length.
Page 25 and 26: Hair physiology 11 Figure 1.13 Afri
Page 27 and 28: Hair physiology 13 are short. These
Page 29 and 30: Hair physiology 15 Blond 140,000 Br
Page 31: Hair physiology 17 a club-shaped pr
Page 35 and 36: Hair physiology 21 1. Trichorrhexis
Page 37: Hair physiology 23 42. Olsen EA, De
Page 40 and 41: Hair care 26 (b) Shampoo is foamed
Page 42 and 43: Figure 2.2 Hair care 28 Proper Sham
Page 44 and 45: Shampoos function by employing dete
Page 46 and 47: Hair care 32 The laureth sulfates a
Page 48 and 49: Hair care 34 film can also form on
Page 50 and 51: Normal hair shampoos are designed t
Page 52 and 53: Hair care 38 Baby shampoos are noni
Page 54 and 55: Hair care 40 shampoo-induced allerg
Page 56 and 57: Hair care 42 Improved flexibility L
Page 58 and 59: • Lipids • Quaternaries • Pol
Page 60 and 61: Hair care 46 more protein that will
Page 62 and 63: Figure 2.8 Hair care 48 A hot oil t
Page 64 and 65: Hair care 50 HAIR DRYING We have di
Page 66 and 67: Figure 2.11 Hand-held hairdryer tec
Page 68 and 69: Figure 2.15 Hair care 54 Round brus
Page 70 and 71: Figure 2.19 Detangling comb. Figure
Page 72 and 73: Hair care 58 both fracture the hair
Page 74 and 75: Figure 2.27 Stiff bristle brushes f
Page 76 and 77: Figure 2.30 A variety of hair-cutti
Page 78 and 79: Figure 2.36 Hair care 64 Razor blad
Page 80 and 81: Hair care 66 (b) Hair held tightly
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(d) Bangs are cut with hair twisted
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Hair care 70
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Hair care 72 Black individuals with
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Hair care 74 Nonelectric styling im
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Hair care 76 more hair breakage as
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Figure 2.50 Smooth rollers. Figure
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of hydrogen bonds and salt linkages
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Figure 2.57 Hair care 82 An example
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Hair care 84 34. Okamoto M, Yakawa
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Hair care 86 95. Slepyan AH. Tracti
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Hairstyling gel Clear gel polymer R
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Figure 3.4 Hair care 90 An electron
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Figure 3.6 Hair care 92 An electron
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Hair care 94 An example of a commer
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Hair care 96 OIL SHEEN SPRAY Hairsp
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Hair care 98 18. Plewig G, Fulton J
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Hair care 100 Tremendous color vari
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Figure 4.3 Hair care 102 Pheomelani
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Semipermanent: vegetable Semiperman
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Hair care 106 effect in the recent
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Hair care 108 is dismayed with the
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Figure 4.10 Hair care 110 The appea
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Hair care 112 more resistant to sha
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Hair care 114 Chemistry Permanent h
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Hair care 116 Nevertheless, some dy
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Figure 4.15 Hair care 118 The compl
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Figure 4.22 Hair care 122 The hair
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Hair care 124 The blond permanent h
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Figure 4.29 The red permanent hair
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Hair care 128 The multicolored stra
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Figure 4.38 Hair care 130 Brown hai
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Two-step bleaching is actually a co
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Figure 4.41 A mild hair dye reactio
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Hair care 138 of eumelanin and pheo
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5 Permanent hair curling The idea o
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Permanent hair curling 143 2. Proce
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Permanent hair curling 145 Figure 5
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Permanent hair curling 147 mandrels
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Permanent hair curling 151 Once the
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Table 5.1 Permanent waving lotion i
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Permanent hair curling 157 companie
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Permanent hair curling 159 A tight
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produce the curl is known as the
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Permanent hair curling 163 Home per
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Permanent hair curling 165 has been
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Permanent hair curling 167 REFERENC
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6 Permanent hair straightening Hair
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sodium hydroxide. This prevents sca
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Permanent hair straightening 173 Mi
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Permanent hair straightening 175 4.
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Permanent hair straightening 177 Fi
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Permanent hair straightening 181 ha
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Panthenol Sodium PCA Cetearyl alcoh
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Permanent hair straightening 187 ma
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7 Cosmetic-induced hair loss Dermat
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Cosmetic-induced hair loss 191 Figu
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Cosmetic-induced hair loss 193 In a
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Cosmetic-induced hair loss 195 Figu
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Cosmetic-induced hair loss 197 The
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Cosmetic-induced hair loss 199 Hair
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8 Methods for camouflaging hair los
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ase Cascades Curled locks of hair o
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Methods for camouflaging hair loss
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shaving legs, axilla, groin Dry sha
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Hair care 228 difficulty achieving
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Hair care 230 2. Select a quality l
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Hair care 232 2. Be sure that the h
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Figure 9.5 Hair care 234 A male fac
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Hair care 236 laser hair removal, f
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Hair care 238 A variety of needle d
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10 Tips to maintain healthy hair Is
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Hair care 242 comb. For this reason
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Figure 10.4 Hair care 244 Freshly s
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Hair care 246 within the hair shaft
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Figure 10.7 Hair care 248 Use of a
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Hair care 250 In short, one of the
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Hair care 252 nonliving. (b) Patien
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12 Summary This text has pictoriall
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pomades 80-81 shampoos 34 bleaching
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glyceryl monothioglycolate 139 grad
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negroid hair see Black persons’ h
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sodium hydroxide in hair straighten
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