Annual Report 2011 - QuamIR

Notes to the Consolidated Financial StatementsFor the year ended 31 March 20113. Significant Accounting Policies (continued)Foreign currenciesIn preparing the financial statements of each individual group entity, transactions in currencies other thanthe entity’s functional currency (foreign currencies) are recognized at the rates of exchange prevailingat the dates of the transactions. At the end of the reporting period, monetary items denominated inforeign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing at that date. Non-monetary items carried atfair value that are denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing at the datewhen the fair value was determined. Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical costin a foreign currency are not retranslated.Exchange differences on monetary items are recognized in profit or loss in the period in which theyarise except for:• exchange differences on foreign currency borrowings relating to assets under construction forfuture productive use, which are included in the cost of those assets when they are regarded asan adjustment to interest costs on those foreign currency borrowings;• exchange differences on transactions entered into in order to hedge certain foreign currencyrisks (see the accounting policies below); and• exchange differences on monetary items receivable from or payable to a foreign operation for whichsettlement is neither planned nor likely to occur (therefore forming part of the net investmentin the foreign operation), which are recognized initially in other comprehensive income andreclassified from equity to profit or loss on repayment of the monetary items.For the purposes of presenting consolidated financial statements, the assets and liabilities of the Group’sforeign operations are translated into the presentation currency of the Group (i.e. Hong Kong dollars)using exchange rates prevailing at the end of each reporting period. Income and expense items aretranslated at the average exchange rates for the period, unless exchange rates fluctuate significantlyduring that period, in which case the exchange rates at the dates of the transactions are used. Exchangedifferences arising, if any, are recognized in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equityunder the heading of foreign currency translation reserve (attributed to non-controlling interests asappropriate).Annual Report 201155