A52-75-2007E.pdf - AgroMedia International Inc

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Animal Welfare11Effects of roughness and compressibility of flooring on cowlocomotionCorresponding AuthorRushen, J.AAFC Pacific Agri-Food ResearchCentreCollaboratorde Passillé, A.M.AAFC Pacific Agri-Food ResearchCentreJournal of Dairy Science (2006) Vol. 89 p. 2965-2972.In many of Canada’s typical dairy cattle management systems, cows walkand stand most often on hard concrete floors. Since smooth concretefloors covered in slurry can result in injury due to slipping, most concreteflooring is grooved to increase the friction between cows’ hooves and concrete.However, the hardness of concrete can increase the incidence ofhoof lesions and research has shown that, given a choice, cows will avoidconcrete. The objective of this study was to assess cow locomotion on analternative type of soft rubber flooring and to determine the relative importanceof the friction of the floor and its degree of compressibility. Cowswere observed as they navigated a narrow corridor incorporating a guttercrossing and a 90 degree turn. Covering the floors with slurry increasedthe amount of slipping and reduced the cows’ walking speed, showingthe importance of keeping floors dry and clean. Compared with concrete,a commercial rubber flooring material (Animat®) reduced slipping as wellas increasing the speed that the cows walked, so that the time taken totraverse the corridor was shorter. <strong>Inc</strong>reasing the compressibility of the floorwhile keeping the degree of surface friction constant increased the walkingspeed of the cows and the length of their steps but did not reduce slipping.The results show that flooring for cows needs to both be softer thanconcrete as well as providing a higher degree of surface friction.12Feed stalls affect the social and feeding behavior of lactating dairycowsCorresponding AuthorDeVries, T.J.University of British ColumbiaCollaboratorvon Keyserlingk, M.A.G.University of British ColumbiaJournal of Dairy Science (2006) Vol. 89 p. 3522-3531.Earlier studies by researchers at UBC demonstrated that increasing feedbunk space per cow above the traditional 0.61 metres (24 inches) decreasedaggressive encounters at the feed barrier and increased feeding activity.Cows fed at a headlock feeding barrier experienced fewer displacementsthan those fed at a post and rail barrier. These results led to the hypothesisthat aggressive encounters resulting in reduced feeding activity might befurther reduced by providing individual feeding stalls at the feed bunk. Thepresent study was designed to assess both the effect of increased feedingspace per cow and the value of providing feed stalls. Treatments were 0.64metres per cow or 0.92 metres per cow provided at a post and rail barrieror 0.87 metres per cow with adjacent feeding spaces separated by fixedpartitions to form stalls. Time-lapse video recorded feeding, standing andaggressive behaviour in the feeding area. In agreement with previous trials,providing 0.92 metres per cow resulted in increased total daily feedingtime together with reductions in inactive standing time and the frequencyof aggressive interactions when compared with an allowance of 0.64 metres/cow.The addition of feed stalls further enhanced these effects andforced aggressive cows to change their displacement strategy by buttingcows from the rear rather than the side or front. Cows of lower social standingexperienced the greatest decrease in displacements when feed stallswere provided.26 Highlights in Canadian Dairy Cattle Research - 2007
Environment
Page 1 and 2: Highlightsin Canadian Dairy Cattle
Page 3: Table ofContentsIntroduction.......
Page 7 and 8: ParticipantsListAgriculture and Agr
Page 9 and 10: Participants• P.E. Shewen• K.V.
Page 11 and 12: ParticipantsInternational Collabora
Page 13 and 14: ResearchSummaryIndexAnimal Welfare1
Page 15 and 16: Research Summary Index10 Associatio
Page 17 and 18: Research Summary Index57 Efficacy a
Page 19: Animal Welfare
Page 22 and 23: Animal Welfare3Stall dimensions and
Page 24 and 25: Animal Welfare7Effects of milking o
Page 29 and 30: Environment1An approach for measuri
Page 31: Environment4Methane and nitrous oxi
Page 35 and 36: Feeding1Effects of alfalfa particle
Page 37 and 38: Feeding5Frequency of feed delivery
Page 39 and 40: Feeding9Dietary forage and nonfiber
Page 41 and 42: Feeding13Effects of tannic acid and
Page 43 and 44: Feeding17What is the true supply of
Page 45 and 46: Feeding20Effect of ruminally protec
Page 47 and 48: Feeding24Impact of B-vitamin supply
Page 49 and 50: Feeding28Responses to amino acid im
Page 51 and 52: Feeding31Lower pregnancy losses in
Page 53: Genetics
Page 56 and 57: Genetics2An iterative procedure for
Page 58 and 59: Genetics6Analysis of inbreeding and
Page 60 and 61: Genetics10Association of toll-like
Page 63 and 64: Health1Bacterial meningitis and enc
Page 65 and 66: Health5Synthetic peptide vaccinatio
Page 67 and 68: Health9Bovine toll-like receptor 9:
Page 69 and 70: Health13Immunization with plasmid D
Page 71 and 72: Health17Progress in the development
Page 73 and 74: Health21Immune response to Staphylo
Page 75 and 76: Health24Genotype and subtype analys
Page 77 and 78:
Health27Activation of the hypothala
Page 79 and 80:
Health30Influence of the genotype o
Page 81 and 82:
Health34Agreement between three ELI
Page 83 and 84:
Health38Prevention of fatty liver i
Page 85 and 86:
Health41The cell-mediated immune re
Page 87 and 88:
Health45A comparison of serum harve
Page 89 and 90:
Health48Effects of prepartum intram
Page 91 and 92:
Health51Bovine whey proteins inhibi
Page 93 and 94:
Health55DNA-protein immunization ag
Page 95 and 96:
Health59Formulation with CpG oligod
Page 97:
Milk Production
Page 100 and 101:
Milk Production317β-estradiol redu
Page 102 and 103:
Milk Production7Characterization an
Page 105:
Reproduction
Page 108 and 109:
Reproduction3Follicular fluid conce
Page 110 and 111:
Reproduction6The impact of chromoso
Page 112 and 113:
Reproduction10Spontaneous uptake of
Page 114 and 115:
Reproduction14Characterization of l
Page 116 and 117:
Reproduction17Expression of phospho
Page 118 and 119:
Reproduction21Regulation of serine
Page 120 and 121:
Reproduction25 Na+ /K + ATPase as a
Page 123:
Author Index
Page 126 and 127:
Author IndexBrownlie, R. Health 6..
Page 128 and 129:
Author IndexKeefe, G.P. Health 10..
Page 130 and 131:
Author IndexPerez-Casal, J. Health
Page 132:
Author IndexZadoks, R.N. Health 47.
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