- 122 -SANA" 24) looks very much like dry gin orcane spirit or vodga to the naked eye. It ismade from "ISIQATHA" by means <strong>of</strong> a process <strong>of</strong>distillation as.follows: After the "ISIQATHA"has been made from "ISISHIMEYANA" as explainedabove, it is poured into a big pot or containerand kept there for·a day. A basin. is then placedorr the "ISIQATHA" mixture in the big pot orc,ontainer, which is Jhen closed by means <strong>of</strong> ap,otlid • .fire is made and the "isiqatha" isallowed to boil gradually for two to three days.The vapourflpllling from t,he potlid into, thebasin floati~gon the "isiqatha" is knpwn as"IZINGODO" or "UMACONSANA".I' ". .There is no doubt, .then, that the illicitli,quor, trade is rife in, .the area und,er investigatiqn.The consumption <strong>of</strong> liquor is highand the methods <strong>of</strong> drinking, are sometimes, 25) .clumsy.,,;_Y::~~i· " :-"i:"~The shebeen subculture is important in the case,ȯromur;Zj.pi l'l,!sp as t\1e folowing data: pertaining" IttPI the shebeens indicate., The police-estimatedthat, in,their,l'lrea there are abput forty-one"shebe~ns~distributedas fpllows: 26) ,, ".'-"jr·- IFifteen. are located at Gobandlovu, Khandisa 27)anP,,!'1an?f'lmnyama.Ten, are found"at• ,. d._ . '.'. ,4ikoshi, Qwayinduku,TONDO!IIIt!n'0Fand, ,Emoyeni. 0 "•. , .. '. '-..t , .. ,', --Five are located;: ;at Ekupulu~teni,and Khumbukhumbu,24)26)27)The word "UMACONSANA" is a noun derived from the verb"CONSA"i'meaning to ~rop slowly. Of the three words("IZINGODO", "GAVINI"), "MACONSANA" describes the concoctionbest.I~is quite common toseea person carrying 8 bottle <strong>of</strong>beer and/or carton <strong>of</strong> "i juba" (I SI PAKUPAKU) and drinkingat regular intervals as he walks along the road.This information was collected with the kind co-operation'<strong>of</strong> the Mtunzini Police.Khandisa is the "isigodi" in~which the <strong>University</strong> <strong>of</strong><strong>Zululand</strong> is situated.123/.••..;'" o,>ḟ ,{.
- 123 -andOne shebeen is found at the Ncekwane area.The areas infested mostly with shebeens are,therefore, Gobandlovu, Port Dunford and Khandisa.(b)Contraventions <strong>of</strong> the Dagga (Cannabis) Laws.Closely connected with the contraventions <strong>of</strong>the liquor laws are contraventions <strong>of</strong> the daggalaws. Dagga is in most cases usually sold inthe shebeens. During the period under discussion,contraventions <strong>of</strong> the dagga laws totalled 109(1,66%). Of this total 90(82,5%) were committedby males whereas 19 (17,5%) were committed bythe females.,!To see dagga problem in Mtunzini in its properperspective, it is necessary to compare itwith the dagga problem in South Africa asa whole as reflected in Table 6.\ ijI1~,! iI:TABLE 6.\INCIDENCE OF DAGGA OFFENCESIN SOUTH AFRICA, 1972. 2B ),RACE TOTAL % <strong>of</strong> TOT1\L %<strong>of</strong> TOTALPODulation,Whites 2 809 7,4 26Coloureds 7 943 20,6 14 ,Asiatics 1 347 3,5 4Bantu 26 365...68,5 56TOTAL - 38 46ti 100% 100%.. .- ...... .. ..,i~'28)Annual Reports <strong>of</strong> the Commissioner <strong>of</strong> the South AfricanPolice for the year ended 30 June, 1972, R.P. 23 1973,p. 7;,.,;;124/. • • •• ,;:I
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CRIMEINMTUNZINIbyGABRIEL LINDUMUSA
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Page2.4.3(a) So-called blood cases
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Page5.5(c)(d)~~~(g)(h)SUMMARYTraffi
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LIS T 0 F T A 8 L E S.TABLE1. Crime
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- 2 -Thirdly, the organization of m
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- 4 -1.3.4 CHIEF ZULUOBANJENI1.3.5
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- 6 -method is also employed for re
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- B -South Africa as awhole.To unde
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- 10 -causes of crime. The book clo
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- 12 -1.7.4 UNPUBLISHED MATERIALSom
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- 15 -a particularly serious one, b
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- 17 -traditional manifestations wa
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-19 -This was done in order to make
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- 21 -the Zulus, was not properly d
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- 23 -high palisaded fence at the u
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- 25 -A man whohad killed another h
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- 27 -human parts such as the lips,
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- 29 -The guilty person only would
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- 31 -(h) THE MODUS OPERANDI Of WIT
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- 33 -for the witch simply to strik
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,... 35 -The Zulus allowed action t
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- Yf -This custom involved the taki
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- 39 -preventatives generally calle
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- 41 -responsible for the theft unl
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- 43 -was were usually settled by d
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-45 -offenders to their courts. Thi
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- 47 -however applied in cases of w
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- 4~ -number of unsophisticated Zul
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- 51 -The concept of culture as use
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- 53 -vely adapt themselves to envi
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- 55 -individual attitudes and patt
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- 57 -The main emphasis in the pare
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- 59 -"strengthening" the army by o
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- 61 -highly nourishing food had an
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- 63 -The report goes on to say tha
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- 65 -(but not his drinking pattern
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- 67 -dissatisfied with the white m
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-69--him feel convinced that under
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- 71 -3.5.3WflMEN IN BANTU LAW were
- Page 80 and 81: - 73 -provides, inter alia, that "a
- Page 82 and 83: - 75 -The idea of aconcealed weapon
- Page 84 and 85: - 77 -studies has tfierefoce:been:a
- Page 86 and 87: - 79 --common among the South Afric
- Page 88 and 89: - 81 -4.4 The Historical Developmen
- Page 90 and 91: ':.. 83 -and old are far more impor
- Page 92 and 93: - 85 -groups is due to such asubcul
- Page 94 and 95: - 87 -Reference has been made to th
- Page 96 and 97: - 89 -The above figures reveal that
- Page 98 and 99: - 91 -In the urban areas it is the
- Page 100 and 101: - 93 -The"tsotsis" are capable of c
- Page 102 and 103: - 95 -It was pointed out, too, that
- Page 104 and 105: - 97 -as "AMAGXAGXA". He also point
- Page 106 and 107: - ·99 -ordinary decent human value
- Page 108 and 109: - 101 -white liquor, i.e. spirits,
- Page 110 and 111: - 103 -'.cThe"e,pQCated modern Afri
- Page 112 and 113: - 105 -It has also been pointed out
- Page 114 and 115: - 107 -extent of crime in South Afr
- Page 116 and 117: - _109 -TA8LE 2.CRIME IN SOUTH AFRI
- Page 118 and 119: -111-•TABLECrimes Recorded by the
- Page 120 and 121: - 112 -and Coloureds, on the other
- Page 122 and 123: - 114 -5.4 Crime Patterns Among the
- Page 124 and 125: - 116 -prosecutions and convictions
- Page 126 and 127: - 118 -Statistics. 18)5.4.3 Mtunzin
- Page 128 and 129: - 120 -in Mtunzini during the perio
- Page 132 and 133: - 124 -The above figures give the i
- Page 134 and 135: - 126of: 1.681 or 26per cent•.If
- Page 136 and 137: ~'~ ..- 128 -with the crimes of vio
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- Page 142 and 143: - 134 -6.3 Age and Criminal Liabili
- Page 144 and 145: - 136 -Puberty and post-puberty, be
- Page 146 and 147: \•\II-138 -Freed 16) states that
- Page 148 and 149: 140 -An analysis of the data in Tab
- Page 150 and 151: .;. 142 -15th year. This wa followe
- Page 152 and 153: - 14'~TABLE 10CONVICTIONS ACCORDING
- Page 154 and 155: TABU': 11,AGE DISTRI8UTIDN Df OffEN
- Page 156 and 157: - 148 -6.8.2 Mtunzini.An analysis o
- Page 158 and 159: - 150, - "and good order, gave a ne
- Page 160 and 161: - 152 -and Asian females to the div
- Page 162 and 163: - 154 -Mannheim 13) contends that t
- Page 164 and 165: - +.:10 -TA8LE 13.Sex Differences i
- Page 166 and 167: - 158 -a total of 5 396 crimes or 8
- Page 168 and 169: - 160 -(b)Assault.Of the 814 .crime
- Page 170 and 171: - 162 -passing in Mtunzini during t
- Page 172 and 173: - 164 -and over, respectively.7.7 S
- Page 174 and 175: - 166 -morale of the community usua
- Page 176 and 177: - 168 -alight. With the aid of pang
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- 172 -TABLE 15.Types of Articles a
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- 174 -houses broken into included
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CHAPTER 9The Most Important FindinQ
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- 178 -highest incidence.With regar
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- 180 -the prevention of the brewin
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- 182 -publicity exercise. 9)Compet
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- 184 -The employment of more quali
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- :ll.86 -tant agencies which can b
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- 188 ~crimes against property.My r
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- 190 -Enige verduide1iking van die
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- 19216. Horton, P.S.17. Hubbard, L
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- 194 -52. Vilakazi, A.53. von Her'
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- 196 -; paper read at the N.D.M.F.
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- 198 APPENDIXA. ~;-\_ -c• '-~
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. G.P.-S.I1J74-1973-74-200ll·:i.08