presentations were very difficult to prepare, as the Scholars tended to use jargon and/or technicalterms that were not understandable to the non-scientists in the audience. At the same time, theScholars wanted to present enough science to impress the scientists who were present. Mentorsspent considerable time with Scholars helping hone their presentations. In the end, thepresentations were very well received, by scientists and non-scientists; a good learningopportunity.The second oral presentations were given on 20 May 2010, two days before graduation. Thesepresentations were given to BIOS faculty and staff; there was a packed house in attendance.These presentations were modeled after those to be presented at a scientific meeting. Jargon andtechnical terms were allowed, but we encouraged sufficient „background‟ for those in attendancewho were not experts in a given field. The presentations were <strong>of</strong> a very high caliber and werevery well received by the scientists in attendance.When the Scholars were leaving BIOS at the end <strong>of</strong> the Programme (see details in Section 2.12)many commented favorably about how they had been taught to modify „the same talk‟; oneformat for the scientific community, another format for the general public. Additionally, theScholars expressed gratitude for these seminars, in part because the seminars had proved to be astrong pedagogical device, but also because many <strong>of</strong> them had been asked (as was hoped to beasked), to give a seminar when they returned home.Scholars pose with BIOS Board <strong>of</strong> Trustee members following oral presentations.2.10 <strong>NF</strong>-<strong>POGO</strong> Scholars – Final Project <strong>Report</strong>sEach Scholar was required to write a final report <strong>of</strong> their independent project. The format was tobe that <strong>of</strong> a journal suitable for the research conducted. <strong>Report</strong>s were turned in to mentors forreview/editing, and then returned to the Scholar to make suggested improvements. Manuscriptswere subjected to multiple revisions. A copy <strong>of</strong> each report is available as part <strong>of</strong> this report, seeAppendix 4A – 4J.As Scholars were leaving BIOS to return home, many commented positively during their exitinterviews (Section 2.12) about the final written reports. Several suggested that in future yearsmore time be dedicated to improving writing skills as part <strong>of</strong> the programme. .12
2.11 C<strong>of</strong>E Graduation CeremoniesThe year 2 <strong>NF</strong>-<strong>POGO</strong> C<strong>of</strong>E Graduation ceremonies were held on 21 May 2010 at the HamiltonPrincess Hotel. Invited guests included members <strong>of</strong> the Bermuda Government: Senator WalwynHughes and the Minister <strong>of</strong> Education, El James, JP, MP. Many BIOS faculty and staff werealso present.The opening remarks and welcome comments were provided by Dr. Gerald Plumley. El James,JP, MP, provided congratulatory remarks to the Scholars, emphasizing the importance <strong>of</strong> oceanobservatories, especially in places like Bermuda. The keynote address was given by Dr. FredMackenzie from the University <strong>of</strong> Hawaii at Mānoa. A copy <strong>of</strong> Dr. Mackenzie‟s commencementspeech is attached (Appendix 5). Dr. Mackenzie had several meetings with the Scholars, bothbefore and after the graduation ceremonies, both formal and informal. Scholars were all inspiredby the warmth, friendliness, and scientific rigor <strong>of</strong> Dr. Mackenzie.Each Scholar was awarded a Graduation Certificate. Awards were made by Drs. Mackenzie andPlumley. The receiving line was manned by mentors who were responsible for presenting themodules and working with the Scholars on their independent projects.2.12 Periodic and Exit InterviewsReview <strong>of</strong> the Programme this year followed the same (successful) format used in year 1. Bothperiodic and exit interviews were used. Briefly, meetings were held periodically with theScholars to update them with new information, answer their questions, and field theirissues/concerns. The <strong>of</strong>fice door <strong>of</strong> the Programme Director (Dr. Plumley) was always open aswas his email mailbox. Both were used extensively.3.0 Regional Training Programme in a Developing CountryOne objective <strong>of</strong> the C<strong>of</strong>E is to facilitate and assist with regional training programmes indeveloping countries. There are several complimentary goals, <strong>of</strong> which two will be mentionedhere: 1) training <strong>of</strong> young students in a key aspect <strong>of</strong> observational oceanography; and 2) runninga regional programme that will help attract future Scholars into the <strong>NF</strong>-<strong>POGO</strong> C<strong>of</strong>E in Bermuda.Dr. Robert Frouin, Scripps Institution <strong>of</strong> Oceanography, agreed to work with BIOS to conductthe Training Programme in a Developing Country. By way <strong>of</strong> background, Dr. Frouin was a <strong>NF</strong>-<strong>POGO</strong> Visiting Scholar in 2006 (São Paulo, Brazil). Dr. Frouin made arrangements with Dr.Milton Kampel, INPE, Brazil, to help coordinate the Training Programme. The title, venue anddates were:Phytoplankton Community Structure:From the Molecular to the Global ScaleArraial do Cabo, Rio de Janeiro21 September to 7 October 2009The subject matter <strong>of</strong> the 2009 Training Programme in Brazil was the application <strong>of</strong> remotesensing data for determination <strong>of</strong> phytoplankton functional types for biogeochemistryapplications. The rational for this approach is that partitioning the autotrophic planktoncommunity into functional types is expected to improve the modeling <strong>of</strong> primary production andincrease understanding <strong>of</strong> the role <strong>of</strong> phytoplankton in the global carbon cycle.Satellite ocean-color sensors provide data to study various biological and ecological issuesrelated to phytoplankton and their role in global biogeochemistry. As new data streams becomeavailable, it is important that young scientists are trained in the theories and applications required13