Country & Territory Reports - Landmine Action

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190 yemen receives accident reports from local security authorities, hospitals and mine action teams in the field. The database information is updated as soon as the accident reports are received. The emergency number of the YEMAC and its regional offices is known nationwide. 2130 The Landmine Impact Survey provided a breakdown of mine and UXO casualties by gender, age, activity at the time of accident, number of people injured (survivors), number of people killed (victims), and their occupation at the time of the incident. Of the total 178 recent victims, three out of four were male and the age group most affected (male and female) was that between five and 29 years old. 2131 All but two of the 178 victims were civilians, mainly shepherds and farmers, with 65 victims engaged in herding and 20 in farming before the mine accidents. An additional 43 are identified as “others”, for whom there was no specific information, but it was assumed that most were children or students. 2132 Deliberate handling of mines or ordnance accounted for more than one third of the victims and ranked as the second most frequent activity for males and females. 2133 In some communities local people collect pieces of metal to sell in the market 2134 and this may be linked to deliberate handling accidents. The Yemeni National Mine Action Committee has noted that “ERW do not affect livelihood activities to a great degree, however the number of ERW accidents are almost the same as mine accidents”. 2135 This is line with findings in many other areas regarding ERW contamination. The Landmine Impact Survey identified four key areas to which mines and UXO blocked access: (a) pastureland, farmland and forest, (b) roads and trails, (c) water, and (d) housing. These categories were further refined by the presumed value of the resource area. For example, water sources that supplied drinking water were distinguished from other purpose sources, and rain-fed farms and irrigated farms were considered separately. However, although the Survey erw and motapm – global survey 2003–2004 notes many communities affected by ERW, the impact in terms of blocked access to resources is much less than that experienced from mines. 2136 Some ERW-contaminated areas have affected the implementation of development projects, such as road building. YEMAC cleared the areas as soon as requests were received. But there are also 10 areas contaminated by mixed ERW and mines where the implementation of development projects has been delayed as they await clearance. 2137 Efforts to address these problems The Yemen Executive Mine Action Centre is responsible for clearing and destroying ERW and MOTAPM. 2138 The YEMAC has records of the number of ERW and MOTAPM found and destroyed, and in some cases the category of the device has also been recorded. 2139 There are three specialist EOD teams working in areas identified in the Landmine Impact Survey as high-impact areas. ERW/MOTAPM items reported by locals are passed on to the EOD teams via mine action teams operating in the affected areas. 2140 Mine action is implemented by the YEMAC and supported by UNDP. No NGO or UN agencies are involved in mine action operations. 2141 Legislation Yemen signed the 1997 Ottawa Convention on 4 December 1997, ratified it on 1 September 1998 and the Treaty entered into force on 1 March 1999. 2142 Yemen is a State Party to the 1980 Convention on Conventional Weapons (CCW) and its original Protocol II, 2143 but has not ratified the Amended Protocol II on landmines, booby traps and other devices. 2144 The Director of the National Mine Action Committee has confirmed there is no information available on the official position relating to the signing or ratifying of Protocol V on ERW, or anything relating to the MOTAPM discussion within the CCW framework. 2145 2118 Inter-Agency Assessment Mission Report, Yemen Executive Summary, 1998, p.6, United Nations Mine Action Service http://www.mineaction.org/pdf per cent20file/EXECUTIVE per cent20SUMMARY.htm accessed 14 July 2004. 2119 Commander Jack Holly, Mine Action Information Center, “Yemen Humanitarian Demining Program”, Journal of Mine Action, Issue 5.3: Landmines in the Middle East, December 2001 http://maic.jmu.edu/#journal/5.3/focus/Jack_Holly/jack_holly.#htm accessed 8 September 2004. 2120 Minister Kassim Ahmed al-Agam’s sixth report relating to Article Seven, addressed to the Secretary-General of the United Nations, dated 7 April 2004 http://disarmament.un.org:8080/MineBan.nsf accessed 10 August 2004. 2121 Survey Action Center/Vietnam Veterans of America Foundation, “Landmine Impact Survey: Republic of Yemen”, April 2001, p. 11 http://www.sacna.org/pdf_text/yemen/FinalReport.pdf accessed 14 July 2004. 2122 Survey Action Center/Vietnam Veterans of America Foundation, “Landmine Impact Survey: Republic of Yemen”, April 2001, p. 39 http://www.sacna.org/pdf_text/yemen/FinalReport.pdf accessed 14 July 2004. 2123 Survey Action Center/Vietnam Veterans of America Foundation, “Landmine Impact Survey: Republic of Yemen”, April 2001, p. 30 http://www.sacna.org/pdf_text/yemen/FinalReport.pdf accessed 14 July 2004. 2124 Survey Action Center/Vietnam Veterans of America Foundation, “Landmine Impact Survey: Republic of Yemen”, April 2001, p. 11 http://www.sacna.org/pdf_text/yemen/FinalReport.pdf accessed 14 July 2004. 2125 Survey Action Center/Vietnam Veterans of America Foundation, “Landmine Impact Survey: Republic of Yemen”, April 2001, p. 16 http://www.sacna.org/pdf_text/yemen/FinalReport.pdf accessed 14 July 2004. 2126 Survey Action Center/Vietnam Veterans of America Foundation, “Landmine Impact Survey: Republic of Yemen”, April 2001, p. 17 http://www.sacna.org/pdf_text/yemen/FinalReport.pdf accessed 14 July 2004. 2127 Survey Action Center/Vietnam Veterans of America Foundation, “Landmine Impact Survey: Republic of Yemen”, April 2001, p. 15 http://www.sacna.org/pdf_text/yemen/FinalReport.pdf accessed 14 July 2004. 2128 Email from Mr Mansour al-Azi, Director, Yemen National Mine Action Committee and Yemen Executive Mine Action Centre, and Programme Manager, Victim Assistance Department, 28 September 2004.
zimbabwe 191 2129 Minister Kassim Ahmed al-Agam’s sixth report relating to Article 7, addressed to the Secretary-General of the United Nations, dated 7 April 2004 http://disarmament.un.org:8080/MineBan.nsf accessed 10 August 2004. 2130 Email from Mr Mansour al-Azi, Director, Yemen National Mine Action Committee and Yemen Executive Mine Action Centre, and Programme Manager Victim Assistance Department, dated 28 September 004. 2131 Survey Action Center/Vietnam Veterans of America Foundation, “Landmine Impact Survey: Republic of Yemen”, April 2001, p. 19 http://www.sacna.org/pdf_text/yemen/FinalReport.pdf accessed 14 July 2004. 2132 Survey Action Center/Vietnam Veterans of America Foundation, “Landmine Impact Survey: Republic of Yemen”, April 2001, p. 19 http://www.sacna.org/pdf_text/yemen/FinalReport.pdf accessed 14 July 2004. 2133 Survey Action Center/Vietnam Veterans of America Foundation, “Landmine Impact Survey: Republic of Yemen”, April 2001, p. 20 http://www.sacna.org/pdf_text/yemen/FinalReport.pdf accessed 14 July 2004. 2134 Email from Mr Mansour al-Azi, Director, Yemen National Mine Action Committee and Yemen Executive Mine Action Centre, and Programme Manager Victim Assistance Department, dated 28 September 2004. 2135 Email from Mr Mansour al-Azi, Director, Yemen National Mine Action Committee and Yemen Executive Mine Action Centre, and Programme Manager Victim Assistance Department, dated 28 September 2004. 2136 Email from Mr Mansour al-Azi, Director, Yemen National Mine Action Committee and Yemen Executive Mine Action Centre, and Programme Manager Victim Assistance Department, dated 28 September 2004. 2137 Email from Mr Mansour al-Azi, Director, Yemen National Mine Action Committee and Yemen Executive Mine Action Centre, and Programme Manager Victim Assistance Department, dated 28 September 2004. 2138 Email from Mr Mansour al-Azi, Director, Yemen National Mine Action Committee and Yemen Executive Mine Action Centre, and Programme Manager Victim Assistance Department, dated 19 September 2004. 2139 Email from Mr Mansour al-Azi, Director, Yemen National Mine Action Committee and Yemen Executive Mine Action Centre, and Programme Manager Victim Assistance Department, dated 19 September 2004. 2140 Email from Mr Mansour al-Azi, Director, Yemen National Mine Action Committee and Yemen Executive Mine Action Centre, and Programme Manager Victim Assistance Department, dated 19 September 2004. 2141 Email from Mr Mansour al-Azi, Director, Yemen National Mine Action Committee and Yemen Executive Mine Action Centre, and Programme Manager Victim Assistance Department, dated 19 September 2004. 2142 Landmine Monitor, 2003 Yemen, http://www.icbl.org/lm/2003/yemen.html 2143 Landmine Monitor, 2000 Yemen, http://www.icbl.org/lm/2000/yemen.html 2144 United Nations Department for Disarmament Affairs, page last updated 2003, http://disarmament2.un.org/TreatyStatus.nsf accessed 14 July 2004. 2145 Email from Mr Mansour al-Azi, Director, Yemen National Mine Action Committee and Yemen Executive Mine Action Centre, and Programme Manager Victim Assistance Department, 4 August 2004 and telephone conversation, 14 September 2004. Zimbabwe Background Minefields were laid by the Rhodesian army along the northern and eastern borders of Zimbabwe at the height of the war of liberation between 1976 and 1979. They were sited on movement corridors likely to be used by the Zimbabwe Peoples Revolutionary Army (ZIPRA) and the Zimbabwe African National Liberation Army (ZANLA) forces, to prevent their movement from “safe” bases in Mozambique and Zambia. ZANLA guerrillas used Chinese-made TM57s, unmarked TM46 and TMH46s (with anti-handling devices) and wooden TMD-B antitank mines. 2146 Assessment In the 1983-1987 conflict in Matebeleland, ZAPU dissidents received a number of TM57 Russian anti-vehicle mines from South African-linked sources between April and November 1983. 2147 Areas that are known to be contaminated by mines and ERW include Msergezi to Nyamapanda South, Stappleford Forest to Mutare, Burma Valley, Junction Gate to Jersey Tea, Mahernia (Sango) to Crooks Corner and Victoria Falls to Mblizi. Some of these have been surveyed and partially cleared but all remain dangerous according to UNMAS. 2148 Several assessments of Zimbabwe’s mine and ERW problem have been undertaken. In 1994, the local commercial demining company MineTech prepared a report on all mined areas for the Ministry of Defence. The survey found that Zimbabwe had an estimated 1.5 million AP mines, 10,000 claymore mines and an unknown number of ERW in the ground. 2149 There are no official estimates available of the ERW and MOTAPM and there is no database or information system currently in place in Zimbabwe to monitor the problem and its consequences. 2150 The extent of the ERW problem in Zimbabwe does not appear to have been comprehensively assessed. Impact Only limited information exists regarding ERW and MOTAPM related casualties, with no systematic data gathering mechanism existing to monitor it. 2151 The Zimbabwe Mine Action Centre (ZIMAC) reported 26 new ERW and mine casualties in 2003, including five people killed and 21 injured. 2152 There is also a lack of information exchange between the various partners involved in victim assistance. 2153 The number of casualties resulting from ERW and mines in the country seems to be relatively low. 2154 The majority of victims come from the rural population, with a significant number of livestock also killed or maimed each year. 2155 In the south-east, the border minefield in the Gonarezhou National Park area has affected the migration patterns of erw and motapm – global survey 2003–2004
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Explosive remnants of war and mines
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Contents List of common acronyms Fo
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Foreword The last decade has seen s
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have been subject to significant ex
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Controlling the impact of ERW - ‘
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■ Men may consistently be underta
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around 95 per cent of IEDs in Iraq
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■ In Kenya in 2003, possible MOTA
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However, in June 2004, it was repor
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albania 17 34 “Afghan drivers com
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problem. After the Kosovo crisis in
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Angola Background The 30 years of w
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The impact of ERW seems significant
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affected by ordnance and munitions
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Belarus Background Belarus is affec
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Bosnia and Herzegovina Background T
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Herzegovina is a State Party to the
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undertaken with a local partner, th
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to prevent children from finding th
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Chad Background Chad’s ERW proble
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Chechnya Background Chechnya is an
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Chile Background Chile used AP and
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China Background Chinese territory
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352 “Japanese chemical weapon inj
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other IEDs have been found througho
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Official statistics on the ERW/mine
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in another accident involving a boo
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Background The Czech Republic has E
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Ecuador Background The long-standin
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536 “Intervención de la Delegaci
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■ In January 2004, 300 metal tube
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numerous 122mm artillery projectile
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Estonia Background The ERW found in
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agencies have warned that ERW and m
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On 1 April 2004, the JSEOD operatio
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Thessalonica line from 1915 to 1918
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2003. 737 Munitions whose storage t
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Background Greece was invaded and o
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Background Guatemala’s ERW proble
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Guinea Background Conflicts with ar
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843 “PAAMI 2001-2004,” April 20
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Hungary Background Hungary is conta
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areas and would need another six mo
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From 1989 to 1999, a total of 1,082
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used them extensively as part of un
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ordnance threat. The following exam
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960 NMAA MRE Strategy 2004, p. 8. 9
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Jordan Background MOTAPM were first
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1013 Jordan Article 5 Summary, pres
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1016 Dominic Wabala, “Police Offi
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month in October 2001. During this
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Kyrgyzstan Background The presence
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While it was reported that widespre
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averaging more than 200 per year. I
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The NSP further divides contaminate
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Lebanon Background Lebanon’s prob
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Background Internal conflicts in Li
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and Egypt. Photographs from clearan
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There have been political disputes
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Morocco Background After the depart
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Myanmar/Burma Background Myanmar ha
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Namibia hosts a large number of ref
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In 2004, UNICEF began monitoring mi
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■ Widely dispersed ERW throughout
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Niger Background Niger’s landmine
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Oman Background MOTAPM and anti-per
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for more than 50 years. 1423 A dive
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LOC in Kashmir region many of the l
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Although ERW and MOTAPM contaminati
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Panama Background Panama’s ERW pr
Page 141 and 142: 1519 UN Mine Action Website: Portfo
Page 143 and 144: philippines 141 1552 “Explosion k
Page 145 and 146: Poland Background Poland experience
Page 147 and 148: demining as part of Russia’s inte
Page 149 and 150: wanda 147 1610 http://proekt.ogi.ru
Page 151 and 152: 1648 According to data from a diffe
Page 153 and 154: Serbia and Montenegro Ministry of D
Page 155 and 156: operations. 1698 According to its A
Page 157 and 158: the border with Ethiopia. There are
Page 159 and 160: cent), playing (9 per cent), and ta
Page 161 and 162: due to incidents of AP mines, ERW a
Page 163 and 164: Sudan Background The civil war betw
Page 165 and 166: eporting period, in the past local
Page 167 and 168: Syria Background 1838 A result of t
Page 169 and 170: tajikistan 167 1850 Landmine Monito
Page 171 and 172: Thailand Background Thailand’s MO
Page 173 and 174: Timor Leste Background Timor experi
Page 175 and 176: Turkey Background Turkey has in the
Page 177 and 178: district, some areas of Teso region
Page 179 and 180: ukraine 177 1962 Interview with Dav
Page 181 and 182: Mine Action Information Centre (UMA
Page 183 and 184: Vietnam Background More than 30 yea
Page 185 and 186: No MOTAPM casualties can be confirm
Page 187 and 188: The increase in the scrap metal and
Page 189 and 190: vietnam 187 2081 Project RENEW and
Page 191: Yemen Background Yemen has witnesse
Page 196: 1st floor 89 Albert Embankment Lond
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Country & Territory Reports - Landmine Action

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