fax or Chamberlain once France fell in mid-June 1940.Martin later admits that no British peace overturesfollowed France's fall, and wonders if "Halifax or LloydGeorge would really have concluded a peace agreementwith a vainglorious dictator like Hitler" — but not beforehe fills us with a lot of superfluous speculation tothe contrary. Yet he cannot resist stating that "<strong>Winston</strong><strong>Churchill</strong> did not understand Germany and Germanculture in general, let alone National Socialism in particular."<strong>Churchill</strong> defined National Socialism as "thatpower which spurns Christian ethics, which cheers itsonward course by barbarous paganism, which vauntsthe spirit of aggression and conquest, which derivesstrength and perverted pleasure from persecution, anduses with pitiless brutality the threat of murderousforce." (Commons, 5 October 1938.) Evidently WSC understoodGermany better than Martin understands theUSA.Video Reviews:From Passable to " Awesome"JONAH TRIEBWASSER"<strong>Churchill</strong>: The Private War," narrated by Hal Holbrook(HBO Video, 1301 Avenue of the Americas, New York,New York 10019), 30 mins.THIS film's unique and highly debatable theory isthat <strong>Winston</strong> <strong>Churchill</strong> achieved greatness becauseof his episodes of depression, what<strong>Churchill</strong> called his "black dog." Having beaten theenemy within, goes the theory, <strong>Churchill</strong> was ready atage sixty-five to conquer the enemy without: AdolfHitler's Third Reich.In the film, <strong>Churchill</strong>'s coping with "black dog" beginswith his childhood. British psychiatrist AnthonyStorr, leading proponent of the "black dog" argument, isseen analyzing <strong>Churchill</strong> through the written record ofthe great man's school days. Storr attributes his depressionto the treatment young <strong>Winston</strong> received at thehands of his parents, which, Storr says, ranged from the"cool indifference" of his mother to the outright hostilityof his father. The stinging comments of a disappointedfather (whose thinking and actions may have been influencedby illness) stayed with <strong>Winston</strong> until his closingdays. As his daughter, Lady Soames, recalls, <strong>Winston</strong>had one great unsatisfied yearning at the end ofhis life: "I wish my father had lived long enough to seethat I was going to be some good."The facts are not always presented. Had Dr. Storr examinedLady Randolph's letters to <strong>Winston</strong> he wouldhave found much more affection than "cool indiffer-Mr. Triebwasser is adjunct professor at Marist College inPoughkeepsie, New York, a director oflCS/USA and moderatorof "<strong>Churchill</strong> Online."ence," and her personal diary is filled, as a youngmother, with her daily activities with <strong>Winston</strong> and hisbrother Jack. Judging by the testimony of WSC's lastprivate secretary, Anthony Montague Browne (his book,Long Sunset, is reviewed herein) the "black dog" anglehas been disproportionately emphasized by writers wholack sufficient grounding in the primary sources.Happily the video shows that <strong>Churchill</strong> began toenjoy respites from depression as he achieved success inhis military and journalistic careers. As Lady Soamesnotes: "Danger had a fascination for him . . . proving tohimself his own courage, his own capacity to be steadyunder fire." As long as he was in the thick of military orpolitical action, the film suggests, <strong>Churchill</strong> was toobusy to harbor dark thoughts. His fall from power afterthe Dardanelles fiasco again brought deep depression.Here the film shows his embracing of the "muse ofpainting," while curiously ignoring his invigorating experiencesin the trenches of Flanders.Actor Holbrook's restrained narration deftly takes usthrough the "wilderness years," when <strong>Churchill</strong>'s writingkept his family fed and bricklaying was therapeutic.The film uses archival footage to great effect in portrayingWorld War II, and credits <strong>Churchill</strong>'s early depressionswith his success in the Second War: "Only a manwho had known despair could convey to his people hisown confidence that hopelessness can be overcome."The World War II section has one glaring error: Whilethe narration describes how <strong>Churchill</strong> is loved by theBritish people, we see only Lord Beaverbrook (dressedin a three-piece suit and bow tie a la <strong>Churchill</strong>) shakinghands with children. <strong>Churchill</strong>: The Private War is afast-paced half hour which presents a theory of<strong>Churchill</strong>'s greatness with which serious students maynot agree, and some unique footage."The Finest Hours," The Electronic Publishing Company,Ltd., 68-70 Wardour Street, London W1V 3HP;111 minutes; color and black & white. Priced under £20and available in both UK (PAL) and USA/Canada(NTSC) television formats.WHEN you pick up the case for this video andlook into <strong>Churchill</strong>'s eyes glowering out at youfrom the Karsh "bulldog" portrait, you mightassume that this film only covers WSC's reign as PrimeMinister of Great Britain during England's finesthours. In fact, this excellent biography, nearly twohours in length, covers <strong>Churchill</strong>'s many finest hoursfrom boyhood to old age. Narrated by Orson Welles andproduced by Jack LeVien (an early keeper of the<strong>Churchill</strong> flame), "Finest Hours" begins with a briefoverview of the war exploits of the early <strong>Churchill</strong>s, includingthe first Sir <strong>Winston</strong> and the Duke of Marlborough.The story then moves to the whirlwind courtshipof <strong>Churchill</strong>'s parents, Lord Randolph and Brooklyn'sJennie Jerome, which serves as historical backgroundfor a beautiful and extensive cinematic tour ofFINEST HOUR 89/44
Blenheim Palace; this alone is worth the price of thevideo. The review of <strong>Churchill</strong>'s boyhood and schooldays is intercut with film clips of WSC commenting onhis early life. As the story of <strong>Churchill</strong>'s life progressesin time, LeVien sprinkles into the film a vast treasuretrove of still and motion pictures of <strong>Churchill</strong>.The World War I section explores <strong>Churchill</strong>'s earlysupport of air power, his nurturing of the developmentof the tank and the armored car and his assurance thatthe fleet would be ready. Perhaps no scene in any film Ihave watched so vividly supports <strong>Churchill</strong>'s view ofwar ("what vile and wicked folly and barbarism it allis") than the armistice parade of hundreds of Britishwar veterans, all of them leg amputees, all on crutches.The end of the Great War finds <strong>Churchill</strong> (and theviewer) at Chartwell during the Wilderness Years.<strong>Churchill</strong> warns an unheeding nation about the dangersof a rearmed fascist Germany, but becomes distractedby the abdication of King Edward (to marryMrs. Simpson), an event covered through the extensiveuse of contemporary newsreels.All this leads up to what is truly <strong>Churchill</strong>'s finesthour, his giving the roar to the British lion during WorldWar II. The progress of the war is tracked by film clipsof <strong>Churchill</strong> giving some of his most famous speeches, orby archival battle footage, accompanied by actor PatrickWymark reading from WSC's six volume The SecondWorld War There is extensive footage of <strong>Churchill</strong> vigorouslyon the move by rail, sea and air. <strong>Churchill</strong>'s executivestyle of "leadership by memoranda" is well illustratedby Wymark reading just a small selection of theflood of correspondence WSC dictated to his generals,his cabinet and to President Roosevelt.With victory came <strong>Churchill</strong>'s exit from office. Thefilm follows him through his painting, writing and "IronCurtain" speech. His knighthood, his second premiershiphis Nobel Prize and honorary United States citizenshipare covered in less detail than his wartime exploitsbut are not shortchanged.This is a marvelous film which does true justice to<strong>Churchill</strong>'s life in a limited amount of time. OrsonWelles's robust narration is matched by Ron Grainer'sstirring musical score which offers just the right touchof military pomp. Until LeVien's seminal <strong>Churchill</strong> series"The Valiant Years" is available on video, FinestHours" will amply satisfy."Young <strong>Winston</strong>^llCA/Columbia Pictures HomeVideo, 2901 West Alameda Avenue, Burbank California91505; 124 minutes; color. Priced under $20.00 inthe United States.THOSE who have taken to heart the ICS goal of"Teaching the Next Generation" could ask for nobetter way to introduce pre-teens and teenagedchildren to the adventure and excitement of <strong>Winston</strong><strong>Churchill</strong>'s early life than by showing them the videoversion of the 1974 film "Young <strong>Winston</strong>." Based upon<strong>Churchill</strong>'s My Early Life: A Roving Commission, anddirected in grand and epic style by Sir Richard Attenborough,"Young <strong>Winston</strong>" explores WSC's story frombirth to his early political career. Simon Ward, lookingas if he just stepped out of the pages of Vanity Fair, isremarkable both as Young <strong>Winston</strong> on screen, and asthe off-screen narrating voice of the mature <strong>Churchill</strong>reading passages from My Early Life. Ward gives a restrainedperformance that strikes just the right balancebetween the young <strong>Churchill</strong>'s political ambition andhis courage under fire, without lapsing into a lip-juttingcaricature. The distinguished supporting cast (eachgiven his or her own star turn in crucial roles) includesICS Honorary Member Robert Hardy (who is chilling as<strong>Churchill</strong>'s sadistic headmaster), Jane Seymour asPamela Plowden, Sir Anthony Hopkins as LloydGeorge, Sir John Mills as General Kitchener, and EdwardWoodward (who later played Sir Samuel Hoare toRobert Hardy's <strong>Churchill</strong> in "The Wilderness Years") asa fellow South African prisoner of war. <strong>Churchill</strong>'smother, the great American beauty Jennie Jerome, isplayed to perfection by another American beauty, AnneBancroft.The film is stolen, however, right from under thesetop actors, by the towering presence of the late RobertShaw as Lord Randolph <strong>Churchill</strong>. Shaw starts out as ayoung, handsome, virile, impish, powerful and immenselylikable Lord Randolph and slowly, almost imperceptibly,degenerates into the prematurely aged andderanged shadow of his former self.Colorfully costumed and sumptuously photographedon location at Blenheim, Sandhurst and in Morocco,with a stirring soundtrack featuring the works of SirEdward Elgar, "Young <strong>Winston</strong>" has battle scenesaplenty, and more action in the South African trainwreck and escape scenes than one can find in an IndianaJones film, with the added advantage that the storyis all true (or at least true as the author rememberedit). "Young <strong>Winston</strong>" will grab the attention of theyounger members of your household and give them abetter understanding of the man you admire. If youdon't believe me, just ask Tom Triebwasser, age 12, orAlison Triebwasser, age 9, who gave the film the ultimatepre-teen accolade . . . "awesome."REVIEWS COMING UP• Great Battles and Leaders of World War II, by WSC. An outstandingtext and photos, marred by sloppy editing.• <strong>Churchill</strong> and Lloyd George, by Marvin Rintala: How friendshipchanged politics: an important book.• <strong>Churchill</strong> and the Prof, by Thomas Wilson. Finally, a newbook on the WSC-Lindemann relationship.• Resolution, Defiance, Magnanimity, Goodwill: a neededcompilation of Westminster College's Kemper Lectures• The Greatest of Friends: Roosevelt and <strong>Churchill</strong>, by KeithAlldritt. A new look at the duo by a Friend of ICSNEW BOOK SERVICE: All of the above will be available at20-25% discounts by the time you read this. Contact the editorfor exact prices or refer to NBS listings in USA. $FINEST HOUR 89/45
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