Carbonate environments

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• Sponge-likeforms that occurin low carbonatebanks togetherwith calcifyingalgae. Act assediment baffles,so not real reefsexactly.Archaeocyaths
Ordovician/Silurian build-ups• E.g. Osmundsberg, Gotland!• Typical Paleozoic structures• Mostly lack binding framework (BodaLimestone).• Gotland reefs composed ofstromatoporoids - but they do not bindeither!
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Carbonate environmentsEnvironments
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Carbonate environmentsvery differen
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Taphonomic feedback• Biogenic car
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• Usually dominant: range from hu
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Foramol association• Temperate wa
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Controls on associations
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Scleractinian Corals (Modern),Frame
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Homotrema Rubrum:Foraminifera• Mi
Page 19 and 20: Non-skeletal grains• Association
Page 21 and 22: Climate• Skeletal grains are depe
Page 23: Flux of calcium carbonate from surf
Page 26 and 27: Modern distribution ofcarbonates an
Page 28: Dunham’s classification
Page 31 and 32: Organisms and SedimentProducers
Page 33 and 34: Shallow Marine CarbonateSediments
Page 38 and 39: Fiji, High Tide
Page 40 and 41: More on ramps• Below FWB reworkin
Page 42 and 43: Epeiric Platform Facies• Tidal an
Page 44 and 45: Reef facies• High energy. Wave im
Page 46 and 47: Reef composition• Framework, cons
Page 48 and 49: Environments of Different growthfor
Page 50 and 51: Reef succession
Page 52 and 53: Modern Reef Environment
Page 54 and 55: Cementation by aragonite
Page 56 and 57: Later Burial (Dolomite dependanton
Page 58 and 59: Recognition of fossil reefs• Can
Page 60 and 61: Build-up classification
Page 62 and 63: Fossil reef structure• Core: mass
Page 64 and 65: Facies in the record
Page 66 and 67: Another interpretationof history of
Page 69: Lower-Middle CambrianArchaeocyaths
Page 73 and 74: StromatactisTypical component - spa
Page 75 and 76: Gotland Stromatoporoid buildupsKupp
Page 77 and 78: Waulsortian mud mounds• Very hard
Page 79 and 80: Common in Ireland…MoundOverlyingb
Page 81: Typical rudist buildup,Northern Sin
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Carbonate environments

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