Reference Tables for Physical Setting/EARTH ... - Mrsciguy.com

HARD- COMMON DISTINGUISHINGLUSTER NESS COLORS CHARACTERISTICS USE(S) COMPOSITION* MINERAL NAMEMetallic lusterEitherNonmetallic luster1–2✔2.5 ✔5.5–6.5 ✔6.5 ✔5.5 – 6.5or 11 ✔✔2 ✔2 ✔2–2.5 ✔2.5 ✔2.5–3 ✔3 ✔3.5 ✔4 ✔5–6 ✔5.5 ✔6 ✔6 ✔CLEAVAGEFRACTURE6.5 ✔7 ✔6.5–7.5 ✔silver tograymetallicsilverblack tosilverbrassyyellowmetallic silver orearthy redwhite togreenyellow toamberwhite topink or graycolorless toyellowcolorless towhiteblack todark browncolorlessor variablecolorlessor variablecolorless orvariableblack todark greenblack todark greenwhite topinkwhite tograygreen togray or browncolorless orvariabledark redto greenblack streak,greasy feelgray-black streak, cubic cleavage,density = 7.6 g/cm 3black streak,magneticgreen-black streak,(fool’s gold)red-brown streakgreasy feelpencil lead,lubricantsore of lead,batteriesore of iron,steelore ofsulfurore of iron,jewelryceramics,paperCPbSFe 3 O 4FeS 2Fe 2 O 3Mg 3 Si 4 O 10 (OH) 2GraphiteGalenaMagnetitePyriteHematitewhite-yellow streak sulfuric acid S Sulfureasily scratchedby fingernailflexible inthin sheetscubic cleavage,salty tasteflexible inthin sheetsbubbles with acid,rhombohedral cleavagebubbles with acidwhen powderedcleaves in4 directionscleaves in2 directions at 90°cleaves at56° and 124°cleaves in2 directions at 90°cleaves in 2 directions,striations visiblecommonly light greenand granularglassy luster, may formhexagonal crystalsoften seen as red glassy grainsin NYS metamorphic rocksplaster of paris,drywallCaSO 4 •2H 2 OTalcSelenite gypsumpaint, roofing KAl 3 Si 3 O 10 (OH) 2 Muscovite micafood additive,melts iceconstructionmaterialscement,limebuildingstoneshydrofluoricacidmineral collections,jewelrymineral collections,jewelryceramics,glassceramics,glassfurnace bricks,jewelryglass, jewelry,electronicsjewelry (NYS gem),abrasivesNaClK(Mg,Fe) 3AlSi 3 O 10 (OH) 2CaCO 3CaMg(CO 3) 2CaF 2(Ca,Na) (Mg,Fe,Al)(Si,Al) 2 O 6CaNa(Mg,Fe) 4 (Al,Fe,Ti) 3Si 6 O 22 (O,OH) 2KAlSi 3 O 8(Na,Ca)AlSi 3 O 8(Fe,Mg) 2 SiO 4SiO 2Fe 3 Al 2 Si 3 O 12*Chemical symbols: Al = aluminum Cl = chlorine H = hydrogen Na = sodium S = sulfurC = carbon F = fluorine K = potassium O = oxygen Si = siliconCa = calcium Fe = iron Mg = magnesium Pb = lead Ti = titanium✔ = dominant form of breakageProperties of Common MineralsHaliteBiotite micaCalciteDolomiteFluoritePyroxene(commonly augite)Amphibole(commonly hornblende)Potassium feldspar(commonly orthoclase)Plagioclase feldsparOlivineQuartzGarnet16 Physical Setting/Earth Science Reference Tables — 2010 Edition