Reference Tables for Physical Setting/EARTH ... - Mrsciguy.com

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SEDIMENTARYROCKMetamorphismHeat and/or PressureMETAMORPHICROCKRock Cycle in Earth’s CrustCementationCompaction and/orMeltingMelting(Uplift)Weathering & ErosionHeat and/or PressureMetamorphismand Burial(Uplift)DepositionWeathering & ErosionMeltingMAGMASEDIMENTSErosionSolidificationWeathering & Erosion(Uplift)IGNEOUSROCKPARTICLE DIAMETER (cm)100.010.01.00.10.010.0010.0001Relationship of TransportedParticle Size to Water Velocity0.010.10.0510.510510050STREAM VELOCITY (cm/s)25.66.40.20.0060.00041000500BouldersCobblesPebblesSandSiltClayThis generalized graph shows the water velocityneeded to maintain, but not start, movement. Variationsoccur due to differences in particle density and shape.Scheme for Igneous Rock IdentificationCRYSTALSIZETEXTUREIGNEOUS ROCKSENVIRONMENT OF FORMATIONEXTRUSIVE(Volcanic)INTRUSIVE(Plutonic)Obsidian(usually appears black)PumiceVesicular rhyoliteRhyoliteGranitePegmatiteVesicularandesiteAndesiteDioriteBasaltic glassScoriaVesicular basaltBasaltDiabaseGabbroDuniteless than1 mm1 mmto10 mm10 mmorlargerGlassyFineCoarseVerycoarseVesicular(gaspockets)noncrystallinePeridotiteNonvesicularNonvesicularCHARACTERISTICSLIGHTERLOWERFELSIC(rich in Si, Al)100%Potassiumfeldspar(pink to white)COLORDENSITYCOMPOSITIONDARKERHIGHERMAFIC(rich in Fe, Mg)100%MINERAL COMPOSITION(relative by volume)75%50%25%Quartz(clear towhite)Plagioclase feldspar(white to gray)Biotite(black)Amphibole(black)Pyroxene(green)Olivine(green)75%50%25%0%0%6 Physical Setting/Earth Science Reference Tables — 2010 Edition
INORGANIC LAND-DERIVED SEDIMENTARY ROCKSTEXTURE GRAIN SIZE COMPOSITIONCOMMENTS ROCK NAME MAP SYMBOLClastic(fragmental)Pebbles, cobbles,and/or bouldersembedded in sand,silt, and/or claySand(0.006 to 0.2 cm)Silt(0.0004 to 0.006 cm)Clay(less than 0.0004 cm)Scheme for Sedimentary Rock IdentificationMostlyquartz,feldspar, andclay minerals;may containfragments ofother rocksand mineralsRounded fragmentsAngular fragmentsFine to coarseVery fine grainCompact; may spliteasilyConglomerateBrecciaSandstoneSiltstoneShaleCHEMICALLY AND/OR ORGANICALLY FORMED SEDIMENTARY ROCKS. . . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . .TEXTURE GRAIN SIZE COMPOSITIONCOMMENTS ROCK NAME MAP SYMBOLCrystallineFinetocoarsecrystalsHaliteGypsumDolomiteCrystals fromchemicalprecipitatesand evaporitesRock saltRock gypsumDolostoneCrystalline orbioclasticBioclasticMicroscopic tovery coarseCalciteCarbonPrecipitates of biologicorigin or cemented shellfragmentsCompactedplant remainsLimestoneBituminous coalTEXTUREScheme for Metamorphic Rock IdentificationGRAINTYPE OFSIZE COMPOSITION METAMORPHISMCOMMENTS ROCK NAMEMAP SYMBOLFOLIATEDMINERALALIGNMENTBAND-INGFineFinetomediumMediumtocoarseMICAQUARTZFELDSPARAMPHIBOLEGARNETPYROXENERegional(Heat andpressureincreases)Low-grademetamorphism of shaleFoliation surfaces shinyfrom microscopic micacrystalsPlaty mica crystals visiblefrom metamorphism of clayor feldsparsHigh-grade metamorphism;mineral types segregatedinto bandsSlatePhylliteSchistGneissFineCarbonRegionalMetamorphism ofbituminous coalAnthracite coalNONFOLIATEDFineFinetocoarseVariousmineralsQuartzCalcite and/ordolomiteContact(heat)RegionalorcontactVarious rocks changed byheat from nearbymagma/lavaMetamorphism ofquartz sandstoneMetamorphism oflimestone or dolostoneHornfelsQuartziteMarbleCoarseVariousmineralsPebbles may be distortedor stretchedMetaconglomeratePhysical Setting/Earth Science Reference Tables — 2010 Edition 7
Page 2 and 3: Taconic MountainsNew England Provin
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Page 8 and 9: GEOLOGIC HISTORYEonMillion years ag
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