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lA GRASSLAND(%)1W1! >75~50-75825-50ITOJ15-25c::=l < 15FORESTED, NO!e PRODUCUilG TIMBER(% o f total forested)!ii28l > 75EZ!!J 50-758 25- 50rrm ///~/~i/(;;75~ 50-75Pig. 3.8. Usage ofland. Sorne subdivisions. A and B are two subclasses ofFig. 3.7C. e The "over 75%" category represents the dehesa zone; the figures are for the proportion offorest land (Fig. 3.7B) Dot producing timber. D. Grazed agriculturalland; the Erial a pastos class is typical ofthe driest part ofSpain (% afthe "Others" category in Fig. 3.7D).IIII I '--l :"-'·.... ···.:....:....-.:;:i.:::~.....J#,0..- ",'!.Ih~,-:I. '"_r_ ~_~ %." "''''o~~¡::~'" ~~•,Po."'" tJ'"~8."~:¡
THE SYSTEMS üF GRASSLAND MANAGEMENT IN SPAIN51&>'"CULTIVATED J,AND (over 50 %)FDRESTED LAND (aver 50 %)GRASSLAND ANDROUGH GRAZINGS (over 15 %)DEHESAZONE[MJ OLIVE-TREESv (over 5 % of cultivated land)Fig. 3.9. Usage of land in Spain. Summary.C-:J OTHERarborea is typical of good woodlands with deepsoils, sometimes associated with Gel/ista florida.Bracken (Pteridiwl1 aqllilil/llm) quickly colonizesderelict grasslands in the hills, but occurs only onthe southern slopes of the highest mountains;everywhere the prevalence of bracken is reduced byheavy cattle grazing 01' early cutting in spring.The Galician minifllndlls (la in Fig. 3.10). Evennowadays the poplIlation of Galicia is widelydispersed (there are here 32700 hamlets, a similarnumber to the total of aH vilIages in the rest ofSpain) covering an area where the resources forcultivatiou are few (less than20% oftotal surface).This means that the farms are smalI (5.5 haaverage) consisting of a great number of plots(average 22) at sorne distance one from other(10-15 km) (Otero Díaz, 1977). Given these cir-cumstances it is not surpnsmg to find thal theGalician farmer is very attached to his smalIholding,espeeialIy as the whole family is usualIyinvolved in its management. In spite of this, theIand has been abandoned in certain mountainregions and is now overgrown with scrub (utexellropells) and heather (Erica species 01' Cal/lino),which may cover up to 34% of the nominalIyforested areas.It is thought, historicalIy, that the practice ofsplitting up land into plots originated with theSuevi (Sánchez, 1978), when Ihey divided up theland. During the Reconqllista (9th, 10th and Illhcenturies) stock-farming in Galicia was under thecontrol of the feudal lords and the monasticorders. The autochthonous eattle breed (/'libiagallega) increased after the potato and maize wereintrodueed from America (afiel' 1541 when Perú
Page 4 and 5: 40day' when the areas of important
Page 6 and 7: 42 PEDRO MONTSERRAT and FEDERICO FI
Page 8: 44animal husbandry in the past and
Page 12 and 13: 48Information on the distribution o
Page 16 and 17: @'""+ ...."4@ o l. European-Atlanti
Page 18 and 19: 54niga (Valle de Cabuérniga), on t
Page 20 and 21: 56However, nowadays the autumn graz
Page 23: THE SYSTEMS QF GRASSLAND MANAGEMENT
Page 26 and 27: 62made up of hard-leaved grasses (A
Page 28 and 29: 64As wooI has become a less importa
Page 30 and 31: 68There are more diffieulties in th
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