Doctrinal Elements of a Curriculum Framework for the Development ...

whole Deposit of Faith, that is, the Revelationpreserved in Scripture and in Tradition (CCC, nos.84,863-865, 1202).II. Christian Churches and EcclesialCommunities Apart from theCatholic ChurchA. An ecclesiology of communion (CCC, nos. 787-789).1. Baptized people are in full communion with theCatholic Church when they are joined with Christin the visible structure of the Church through theprofession of faith, the reception of the sacraments,and respect and obedience toward those inauthority in the Church (CIC, c. 205).2. Members of other Christian churches and ecclesialcommunities are in imperfect communion with theCatholic Church (CCC, nos. 836-838).a. The communion is imperfect because ofdifferences in doctrine, discipline, and/orecclesiastical structure.b. Christian churches (Orthodox Churches) arethose with a validly ordained priesthood andthe Eucharist (CCC, nos. 838).c. Christian ecclesial communities do not have avalidly ordained priesthood or the Eucharist.3. The ecumenical movement works to overcomeobstacles to full communion.4. All the baptized, including those in imperfectcommunion with the Catholic Church, aremembers of Christ’s Body, have the right to becalled Christian, and are brothers and sisters tomembers of the Catholic Church (UR, no. 3).B. From the very beginning of the Church, there havebeen rifts and serious dissension (CCC, no. 817).Serious dissensions resulted in breaks from fullcommunion with the Church.1. Schism with some Eastern Churches.a. Following the Council of Ephesus in 431.1) Because of a dispute over the title of Maryas Mother of God, some Churches, such asthe Assyrian Church, broke away fromfull communion.2) Later some returned to union with Rome.3) Modern dialogue with those who didnot return has made progress in healingthis schism.b. Following the Council of Chalcedon in 451.1) Those who believed the Monophysiteheresy (that Jesus did not have both adivine nature and a human nature) alsobroke away from full communion with theChurch and formed what are called theOriental Orthodox Churches.2) Modern dialogue with the OrientalOrthodox Catholics has made progress inhealing this schism.2. The Catholic Church and the Eastern OrthodoxChurch were one until 1054.a. The Schism of 1054 resulted in the establishmentof the Eastern Orthodox Churches.b. Contributing causes to the Schism of 1054.1) Filioque controversy (CCC, nos. 247-248).2) Growing cultural and political differencesbetween East and West.3) Different forms of Church governanceemerged.a) Eastern Churches were governed bysynods with a patriarch.b) Latin Church was monarchical withthe pope as final authority.c. Difference between Orthodox Churches andEastern Catholic Churches.1) They share the same liturgy but not thesame bonds of episcopal communion.d. Orthodox Churches and Catholic Churchhave strong ties to each other.1) Same core doctrine, beliefs, and moralteachings.2) Both have Apostolic Succession.3) Seven sacraments, validity of ordinations.e. Differences between the Catholic Church andEastern Orthodox Churches.1) Most significant: Orthodox Churchesdo not recognize the infallibility or theprimacy of jurisdiction of the Pope.2) A few doctrinal formulations in theliturgy: the Eastern Orthodox Churchesuse the original wording of the NiceneCreed and do not accept the addition ofthe filioque (the Holy Spirit proceeds fromthe Father and the Son).3) Differences in sacramental law andpractice (e.g., Orthodox tolerate divorceand remarriage).4) Some Marian dogmas are taught in adifferent way.5) Ecumenical councils: not all accepted bythe Orthodox Churches.3. Ecclesial communions: Anglican (Episcopalian),Lutheran, Reformed Christian.a. Who founded these various ecclesialcommunities and why?50Doctrinal Elements of a Curriculum Framework for theDevelopment of Catechetical Materials for Young People of High School Age