AMMTIAC-WSTIAC Journal, Vol. 1, No. 2 - Advanced Materials ...

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Edward LundquistMCR, LLCWith the growing use of integrated propulsion systems, smartgrids, and power electronics on ships, the venerable standard forelectrical installations on ships – IEEE-Std-45 – is being updated.New supporting standards are being developed to support bothmilitary and commercial ship designs.This task is a large one, and the chair of the IEEE-45 StandardCoordinating Committee, Moni Islam, says both new ideas andmore volunteers are needed to complete the mission. “In theprocess of standards development, we are initiating fundamentalsof design changing how we will design electrical systems in shipsin the future,” says Islam. Islam says he has an all-star team ofexperts to take on this very large task, but more qualified engineersare needed. “We want to encourage people to help with thiseffort,” Islam says.Islam says that those who come forward to work with the standarddevelopment team will join experts from the Navy, CoastGuard, American Bureau of Shipping (ABS), academia, andindustry. And, he says, they will be making a real contribution tothe profession. “All the team members have a say in the proposedstandard,” Islam says.Last revised in 2002, the longstanding standard needs to beupdated to allow for new methods of integrated power systemsand power electronics. Integrated Power Systems being installedaboard the new ships such as Navy’s new DDG 1000 and theRoyal Navy’s Type 45 destroyers feature installed power that isavailable for propulsion, sensors, weapons, and ship service. Sosophisticated power management systems are needed to managethose loads. If part of the system is knocked out, “graceful degradation”of the systems will ensure the most vital loads remain online. Graceful degradation offers reliability, and the use of matureand ruggedized commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) based technologieswill result in total ownership cost savings.“We want to give this information in simple terms so thateverybody interested in fundamental ship design can contributeto supporting those changes,” Islam says.“We are involved in a new, emerging and rapidly changingtechnology. We are bringing an old technology – electric power –into a new world environment,” says Paul Bishop of the BishopGroup, who chairs the P45.3 Systems Integration and P45.4Mission Systems standards teams as well as the IEEE Power andEnergy Society’s Marine Systems Coordinating Committee. “Weare making things practical today that were not even consideredpossible just 10 years ago.”A large number of standards are currently under development,Bishop says. “These standards are establishing the rules for theelectric transfusion.”“IEEE 45 is the foundation for guiding an engineer in thedesign of a shipboard power system,” says Dr. Norbert Doerry, atechnical director at the Naval Sea Systems Command. “Powersystems onboard ships have evolved considerably over the recentAn artist’s rendering of the Zumwalt-class destroyer DDG 1000, a new class of multi-mission US Navy surface combatant ship designed tooperate as part of a joint maritime fleet, assisting Marine strike forces ashore as well as performing littoral, air and sub-surface warfare.(Photo courtesy of US Navy)The AMMTIAC WSTIAC Journal, Volume 1, Number 2 10http://ammtiac.alionscience.comhttp://wstiac.alionscience.com
past with the increased use of integrated power systems, powerelectronics, and advanced control systems. The traditional 60 Hz.AC450 volt 3 phase ungrounded distribution system is no longerthe favored option for many ship designs. The ongoing update ofIEEE 45 recognizes these changes have happened.”Islam explains the basic change is not complicated. “The traditional450-volt electrical system found onboard ships today isungrounded delta for low-voltage systems; and for medium-voltagesystems high resistance grounding is the common system. Thefundamental difference is that we will be making low and mediumvoltage the same. Low voltage systems will change to resistancegrounding.”The devil is in the details says Joe Piff, an electrical engineerwith MCR Federal who serves on the committee. “We can determinethat we need a standard plug to connect systems,” Piffsays. “But then we have to determine what colored wire goes towhat pin.”IEEE-45 will remain as the overarching standard for electricship design, but eight new “dot” standards have been approved.This progressive new standard will permit new electric-shipdesigns with Integrated Propulsion Systems (IPS). The IEEE-45standard was first released in 1920. To support the new IPSdesigns, the current update is looking at many issues that comeunder the standard, such as design, controls, integration, testingand others.Dennis K. Neitzel, CPE, IEEE Senior Member, director emeritusof the AVO Training Institute in Dallas, says that anyone whohas shipboard electrical experience should be involved with theeffort. “Input from those who know is vital to the usability of astandard.”Islam is looking to the research community to engage andaddress the offshore issues, provide data, and express the results ina form for practical applications. He is looking forward to Officeof Naval Research (ONR) sponsored Advanced Electrical PowerSystem (AEPS) engineers sharing the challenges they are facing toaddress protection coordination issues. “We need more work insystem protection coordination, and then it needs to be simplifiedto meet the guidelines expressed through the IEEE standards.This research must be done before it can be addressed at the standarddevelopment level,” Islam says.He is also looking to hear from the Variable Frequency Drive(VFD) manufacturers so they can share their issues related to thesystem-level protection challenges.“I appreciate the offshore industry personnel coming forwardwith issues which must be addressed by various communities,such as research entities, equipment manufacturers, and systemsof system designers,” he says.Individuals who would like to participate in this importanteffort to update IEEE-45 may contact:Moni IslamMoni.islam@ieee.org504-333-5004Captain Edward Lundquist, US Navy (Ret.) is a principal science writer for MCR Federal, LLC and has more than 27 years of publicaffairs, public relations, and corporate communications experience in military, private association, and corporate service. During his 24-yearnaval career, Mr. Lundquist qualified as a Surface Warfare Officer and later served as a Public Affairs Officer. He retired from active dutyin 2000. Lundquist currently is member of the executive committee for the Surface Navy Association, and serves as vice president of theGreater Washington Chapter. He is an Accredited Business Communicator (ABC) and the vice chair of the International Association ofBusiness Communicators Accreditation Council. Lundquist is a graduate of Marquette University in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and holds a master’sdegree in journalism and public affairs from the American University in Washington, DC. He writes frequently for publications includingArmed Forces Journal, Unmanned Systems, Naval Forces, Warships International, Maritime Reporter, and others.The AMMTIAC WSTIAC Journal, Volume 1, Number 2 11http://ammtiac.alionscience.comhttp://wstiac.alionscience.com
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