TAIPAN as a Peculiar Velocity Survey

TAIPAN as a Peculiar Velocity SurveyChris SpringobCAASTROICRAR-UWAAAOpicture credit: Richard Powell, atlasoftheuniverse.com

OutlineqqHow does TAIPAN fit in with other peculiar velocity surveys?Using TAIPAN redshifts to build better peculiar velocity fieldmodels

●●Measuring large scale motionspeculiar velocity—the velocity of a test particle(galaxy) separate from its velocity due to theoverall Hubble expansion– caused by the gravitational attraction of nearbymatter overdensitiesGiven the peculiar velocity field v(r), , can infermatter density field, which gives youcosmological parameters

Measuring peculiar velocities = measuring distances●How do you measure peculiar velocities?– Use a redshift independent distance indicator:cz obs= H 0r + v pec

Measuring distances: primary vs. secondary distanceindicators●Primary distance indicators: distance measurementdoesn't require calibration by another method– Variable stars (Cepheids, RR Lyrae stars)– Tip of the Red Giant Branch– Eclipsing binaries• Secondary distance indicators: distance measurementmust be calibrated by the distance scale derived fromprimary distance indicators– Surface brightness fluctuations– Type Ia supernovae– Tully-Fisher relation– Fundamental Plane relationOnly TF (spirals) and FP (ellipticals) from photometry +spectroscopy can give you peculiar velocities for thousandsof galaxies.

What's the optimal survey design fora peculiar velocity survey?●●●●Largest possible number of galaxiesSmallest possible distance / peculiar velocityerrorsWidest possible sky coverageLargest possible survey volume

“Current” generation peculiar velocity surveys●●Tully-Fisher surveys– SFI++: Masters et al. (2006); Springob et al. (2007)– ~4500 galaxies– 2MTF: Masters, Huchra, & Springob (2008)....nowHao, Springob, Masters... – ~3500 galaxies– Cosmic Flows: Courtois & Tully 2012 – ??? galaxies(mostly cz

There are more TFgalaxies in theuniverse, but FPsurveys tend to godeeper.Redshift histogramfor SFI++ (blue) and6dFGS (red).

Why go to deeper redshifts?blue shading = top-hat filter(90% probability)green shading = Gaussianfilter (90% probability)

Getting cosmology out of cosmography:If bulk flow is 2MRS large, prediction is it because Λ-CDM needs 6dFGS revision, observation orbecause we happen to live in a region with unusually largesuperclusters / voids that induce the large bulk flow?2MRS prediction6dFGS observationAbove: smoothed predicted velocity field from 2MRS (left) and observedvelocity field from 6dFGS (right) for a slice through the supergalactic plane (-20 < SGZ < +20 Mpc/h). Redder colors correspond to more positive peculiarvelocities; bluer colors to more negative peculiar velocities.

WALLABY – Wideband ASKAP L-band Legacy AllskyBlind SurveYWALLABY (ASKAP) + WNHSS (Westerbork)Left: Simulated skyand redshiftdistribution(Beutler).How many of these are detectable, i>45 o , ΔV > 80 km/s?

TAIPAN Fundamental Plane Survey●●What would the survey look like?Christina Magoulas's 6dFGS mock generationcode....input:– Apparent magnitude limit = either 1 or 1.5 magsfainter than 6dFGS in J-band (14.65 or 15.15)– Velocity dispersion limit = 70 km/s– cz limit = 30,000 km/s– All southern hemisphere survey—nothing north ofdecl. = 0 o

Right:Simulatedredshifthistogram forTAIPAN FP,assuming a J-bandmagnitudelimit of 15.15(blue) and14.65(green). Alsoshown is theactual redshifthistogram for6dFGS FP(red).TAIPAN mock redshift distribution

●Model velocity fields as derived fromredshift surveysTake an all-sky redshift survey:– Reconstruct the predicted peculiar velocity field,assuming galaxy distribution traces matterdistribution, and b=δb=δ gal /δ mass– Some of the cosmological analysis comes fromanalyzing the observed peculiar velocities on theirown, but some analysis involves comparing to thepredicted peculiar velocity field.

As described byErdogdu et al.(2006), reconstructthe velocity field,assuming mattertraces 2MRS galaxydistribution.The 2MRS velocity fieldRight: Thereconstructed peculiarvelocity field for 2MRS(11.25 mag. limitsample.).

All sky redshift survey....can we do better?Source: Huchra et al. (2011) Table 1.

Conclusions●●●Current generation of galaxy peculiar velocities each have~3000 to ~10,000 galaxies—with WALLABY and TAIPAN,we can grow this by an order of magnitudeWALLABY & TAIPAN, as peculiar velocity surveys, will becomplementary—the former giving us peculiar velocitiesfor the spirals, and the latter for ellipticalsThe redshifts from TAIPAN will also be useful to peculiarvelocity studies, in that one can reconstruct predictedpeculiar velocity field models from redshifts alone.– It would be great if we could get complementaryredshifts in the north as well!

Extra slides

qqGalaxy peculiar velocitiesCan be used for:CosmologyCosmography

Different velocity fieldreconstructionsagree with eachother in terms ofgross features, butdisagree in thedetails, and do notreproduce CMBdipole.

• you assume that the matter density field is ahomogeneous background, , with smallperturbations on large scales: the linearapproximation to gravitational instability theorywhere f(Ω)=~Ω m0.55(r)=mass overdensitymass

Evolution of density field with time:v pec(x,t)= 0(x)f(t)density grows “self-similarly”pecfield gives us present-day mass field, which isthe same as initial density perturbations!