A. B.Figure 5. (L) Seven-day-old, wooly, orange to pinkish colony of Fusarium sp. on Sabouraud’s dextroseagar. (R) The reverse side of seven-day-old Fusarium sp. colony on Sabouraud’s dextrose agar.A. B.Figure 6. Microscopic morphology of Fusarium sp. showing curved, septate microconidia and elongatedmicroconidia (A, 200× magnification; B: line drawing not to scale)18
M-4 Aspergillus clavatusSource: Bone MarrowScoring:No. LaboratoriesReferee Laboratories with correct ID: 10Laboratories with correct ID: 72Laboratories with incorrect ID: 2(Aspergillus fumigatus) (1)(Aspergillus versicolor) (1)Clinical Significance: Aspergillus clavatus causes occasional pulmonary infections and less commoncases of otomycosis. It produces patulin in certain foodstuff like cereal that can cause mycotoxicosis. It isalso one of the causal agents of allergic aspergillosis.Ecology: A. clavatus is found in soil and widely distributed in food and indoor environments.Laboratory Diagnosis:1. Culture – A. clavatus grew very fast. On Sabouraud’s dextrose agar, after 5 days at 25°C, the colonywas bluish-green, powdery (Figure 7A). The reverse was pale to yellowish (Figure 7B).2. Microscopic morphology – Lactophenol cotton blue mount showed septate hyphae with colorlessconidiophores. Conidiophores terminated in vesicle, which was clavate and the entire surface wascovered (radiating) with one series of sterigmata (uniseriate). Conidia smooth, ellipsoidal (Figure 8).3. Differentiation from other Aspergillus species – A. clavatus was differentiated from other Aspergilliby distinctive large, club shaped vesicle. Conidial head is radiate and uniseriate.4. In vitro susceptibility testing – There was a report that A. clavatus was resistant to itraconazole.5. Molecular tests – A PCR based amplification of ITS1 and ITS 2 regions has been used.Comments: One laboratory each identified this specimen as A. fumigatus or A. versicolor. A. clavatus canbe distinguished from other Aspergillus species by its clavate shape of vesicle.Further Reading:1. Gilmour JS, Inglis DM, Robb J, Maclean M. 1989. A fodder mycotoxicosis of ruminants caused bycontamination of a distillery by-product with Aspergillus clavatus. Vet Rec. 124: 133-135.2. Kellerman TS, Newsholme SJ, Coetzer JA, Van der Westhuizen GC. 1984. A tremorgenicmycotoxicosis of cattle caused by maize sprouts infested with Aspergillus clavatus. Onderstepoort JVet Res. 51: 271-274.3. Loretti, A.P., Colodel, E.M., Driemeier, D., Corrêa, A.M., Bangel, J.J. Jr, and Ferreiro, L. 2003.Neurological disorder in dairy cattle associated with consumption of beer residues contaminated withAspergillus clavatus. J Vet Diagn Invest. 15: 123-132.4. Piecková, E. and Jesenská, Z. 1999. Occurrence of itraconazole-tolerant micromycetes in the soil andfood products. Folia Microbiol (Praha). 44: 677-682.5. Shlosberg, A., Zadikov, I., Perl, S., Yakobson, B., Varod, Y., Elad, D., Rapoport, E., and Handji, V.1991. Aspergillus clavatus as the probable cause of a lethal mass neurotoxicosis in sheep.Mycopathologia. 114: 35-39.6. Tremasov MIa, Smetov PK, Nazypov MN, Sergeĭchev AI. 1993. Tremorogenic mycotoxicosis causedby the fungi Aspergillus clavatus, clinical features, pathomorphology, and isolation of metabolites.Prikl Biokhim Mikrobiol. 29: 56-59.19
- Page 2 and 3: Dr. Vishnu Chaturvedi, DirectorDr.
- Page 4 and 5: Schedule of 2010 Mycology PT Mailou
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- Page 8 and 9: TEST STATISTICSGeneralYeastOnlyAnti
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- Page 29 and 30: YEAST DESCRIPTIONSY-1 Candida albic
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- Page 33 and 34: Y-2 Candida dubliniensisSource: Spu
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- Page 37 and 38: Y-3 Candida lipolyticaSource: Tissu
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- Page 41 and 42: 251TCGCATCGAT GAAGAACGCA GCTCGCATCG
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- Page 45 and 46: 201 250ATCTCTTGGC TCTCGCATCG ATGAAG
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