Head injury in children: From Lumps and Bumps to Bolts

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Head Injury in Children• 300/100,000 per year• Leading cause of death in children• Car accidents most common• Falls, bike, skateboard, sports• Non-accidental Trauma
Mild head Injury (MTBI)• “Ding” - mild concussion• 50 to 70% have postconcussivesymptoms after 8 weeks• Possibility of permanentcognitive effects after 2concussions• When to return to playing• Amount of cerebral reserve
Page 1: Head injury in children: FromLumps
Page 5 and 6: Age and Mortality• Mortality less
Page 7 and 8: Time Line to RecoveryAfter Severe H
Page 9 and 10: Skull fracture• Linear• Basal
Page 11 and 12: Growing skull fracture• Leptomeni
Page 13 and 14: Leptomeningocele cyst
Page 15 and 16: Posterior Fossa SubduralHematoma•
Page 17 and 18: Subdural hematoma
Page 19 and 20: Subdural hematomaremoval
Page 21 and 22: Epidural hematoma
Page 23 and 24: Epidural hematoma
Page 25 and 26: Contusion• Basal frontaland tempo
Page 27 and 28: Focal Injury - Basal Contusion• I
Page 29 and 30: Cerebellar herniation• Cerebellar
Page 31 and 32: Diffuse axonal shear injury• Comm
Page 33 and 34: Cerebral edema• Increased brainti
Page 35 and 36: Shaken baby syndrome• Severe shak
Page 37 and 38: Non-accidental headtrauma
Page 39 and 40: Fat Embolism• Diffuse whitematter
Page 41 and 42: Postconcussive syndrome• Headache
Page 43 and 44: Concussion classification• Grade
Page 45 and 46: Return to Competition• Grade 1obs
Page 47 and 48: Return to Competition• Grade 3ter
Page 49 and 50: Intracranial pressure• Cushing’
Page 51 and 52: Pressure Volume Index• PVI is the
Page 53 and 54:
Origin of “A” Waves• Low comp
Page 55 and 56:
Severe head injury - ICPmonitoring
Page 57 and 58:
Hyperventilation• Lower CO2 resul
Page 59 and 60:
Management of IncreasedICP• Sedat
Page 61 and 62:
Management of Increased ICP• Brai
Page 63 and 64:
Brain Compliance and ICP• Child n
Page 65 and 66:
Aggressive treatment ofsevere head
Page 67 and 68:
Clearing the child’scervical spin
Page 69 and 70:
Open mouth C2 viewsA-O junctionC1De
Page 71 and 72:
Atlanto-occipitaldislocationBasion
Page 73 and 74:
C2 - C3 Pseudosubluxation
Page 75 and 76:
Correctable problems• Epidural he
Page 77 and 78:
Lap belt injuries• Upper lumbar
Page 79 and 80:
• Mechanism of injury evaluatedfi
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Head injury in children: From Lumps and Bumps to Bolts

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