Head injury in children: From Lumps and Bumps to Bolts

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Clearing cervical spine inchildren• Awake; no pain - simple C series• Awake, pain - C spine series, thenconsider flexion extension views, +/-CT scan• Not awake - C spine series normal, CTscan normal - spine cleared. Ifquestionable finding consider flexion- extension under fluoro.
• Mechanism of injury evaluatedfirst• Awake or lethargic orunconscious• Exam - pain, tenderness,neurologic• SCIWORA - full evaluation,Xrays, CT, MRI, flex-extension• If intubation needed proceedbefore C spine evaluation.Clearing cervical spine inchildren
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Head injury in children: FromLumps
Page 3 and 4:
Mild head Injury (MTBI)• “Ding
Page 5 and 6:
Age and Mortality• Mortality less
Page 7 and 8:
Time Line to RecoveryAfter Severe H
Page 9 and 10:
Skull fracture• Linear• Basal
Page 11 and 12:
Growing skull fracture• Leptomeni
Page 13 and 14:
Leptomeningocele cyst
Page 15 and 16:
Posterior Fossa SubduralHematoma•
Page 17 and 18:
Subdural hematoma
Page 19 and 20:
Subdural hematomaremoval
Page 21 and 22:
Epidural hematoma
Page 23 and 24:
Epidural hematoma
Page 25 and 26:
Contusion• Basal frontaland tempo
Page 27 and 28: Focal Injury - Basal Contusion• I
Page 29 and 30: Cerebellar herniation• Cerebellar
Page 31 and 32: Diffuse axonal shear injury• Comm
Page 33 and 34: Cerebral edema• Increased brainti
Page 35 and 36: Shaken baby syndrome• Severe shak
Page 37 and 38: Non-accidental headtrauma
Page 39 and 40: Fat Embolism• Diffuse whitematter
Page 41 and 42: Postconcussive syndrome• Headache
Page 43 and 44: Concussion classification• Grade
Page 45 and 46: Return to Competition• Grade 1obs
Page 47 and 48: Return to Competition• Grade 3ter
Page 49 and 50: Intracranial pressure• Cushing’
Page 51 and 52: Pressure Volume Index• PVI is the
Page 53 and 54: Origin of “A” Waves• Low comp
Page 55 and 56: Severe head injury - ICPmonitoring
Page 57 and 58: Hyperventilation• Lower CO2 resul
Page 59 and 60: Management of IncreasedICP• Sedat
Page 61 and 62: Management of Increased ICP• Brai
Page 63 and 64: Brain Compliance and ICP• Child n
Page 65 and 66: Aggressive treatment ofsevere head
Page 67 and 68: Clearing the child’scervical spin
Page 69 and 70: Open mouth C2 viewsA-O junctionC1De
Page 71 and 72: Atlanto-occipitaldislocationBasion
Page 73 and 74: C2 - C3 Pseudosubluxation
Page 75 and 76: Correctable problems• Epidural he
Page 77: Lap belt injuries• Upper lumbar
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Head injury in children: From Lumps and Bumps to Bolts

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