FMD in the ME: Perspectives and risks linked to ... - Middle East - OIE

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8Many millions of live ruminants are imported into the Middle Eastern countries each yearfrom around the world, including especially greater Horn of Africa countries, East Asia,Iran, Turkey, Europe, South America, Australia, and New Zealand (Map n° 2). On variousoccasions over the past decade, diseases, such like FMD, have spread from the GreaterHorn of Africa to the Arabian Peninsula and from there into the Mediterranean Basin.Livestock trade in the region is driven by demand from the Gulf States (Bahrain, Kuwait,Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and UAE), which collectively imported near 80 % of therecorded 13.2 million live sheep, goats and cattle imported in 2005 in the region.The table below reports the livestock imports (cattle, sheep, and goats) in 2005 in theMiddle Eastern countries 3 .Country Cattles Sheeps GoatsBahrain 748 98 258 6 510Djibouti No data No data 450Egypt 18 571 2 294 No dataJordan 20 886 571 551 100 760Kingdom of SaudiArabia26 998 6 042 607 502 038Kuwait 4 908 1 898 399 32 455Lebanon 203 531 64 428 3 182Libya 2 013 10 592 25Oman 39 395 638 160 180Palestinian Authorities 9 411 No data No dataQatar 829 559 546 45 334Sudan 2 No data No dataSyria 8 230 34 907 No dataUnited Arab Emirates 3 518 522 540 516 714Yemen 172 354 7 467 1 164 117Total 472 038 10 208 227 2 531 765For all countries and species, imports far exceed exports, except for sheep exports fromSyria (2 821 145 in 2005) and Sudan (1 147 028 in 2005), and there is, therefore, a majornet inflow of livestock into the region.3 source FAOSTAT : http://faostat.fao.org
9In 2005, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was by far the largest importer of live animals, with6.04 million sheep and 500 000 goats. Kuwait was the next largest sheep importer,followed by Jordan, Oman, UAE, Qatar and Bahrain.Sudan (122 000) and Oman (103 385) were the main exporter of live goats with 855,000recorded exports in 2005.More and more the supply from free FMD countries, notably for the Arabic Peninsulacountries needs, is difficult linked to the cost of animals and transport (Australia, SouthAmerica) and to the incapacity to those countries to respond to such a demand.Thus, the importation flow involve the African Horn countries (Somalia, Sudan), whereFMD is uncontrolled but where the production is sufficient with a competitive cost.Turkey and Iran represent also a significant source of sheep and goats for Middle Easterncountries.Omniscient of the risk of such trade, the Arabic Peninsula countries, wish to collaboratewith the African Horn countries to implement the security of such trade, notably with thebuilding of Pre Export Quarantine Station and upon sanitary certification elaborated in therespect of the OIE’s recommendations.Map n° 2: International trade in animals and animal products with the Middle East
Page 1 and 2: Regional RepresentationFor the Midd
Page 3 and 4: 3The last epidemics of FMD in Europ
Page 5 and 6: 5The table below summarize the FMD
Page 7: 7Country Cattles Sheeps Goats Camel
Page 11 and 12: 11Indirect movementIntercountries m
Page 13 and 14: 13Serotype SAT 2 was introduced int
Page 15 and 16: 15Appendix: Recommendations of the
Page 17 and 18: 175. each country re-assesses the r

FMD in the ME: Perspectives and risks linked to ... - Middle East - OIE

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