Impact of Climate Change on the Russian Arctic and Paths to ... - WWF

9. Recommendations 25 That federal and regional branches <strong>of</strong> the Ministry<strong>of</strong> Natural Resources and Ecology, together with ecologicalorganizations and local authorities:• Take climate change and its consequences into accountwhen planning operations in existing protectedareas, and while creating new ones. Develop preventativemeasures, with the aim <strong>of</strong> preserving speciesand ecosystems in the conditions <strong>of</strong> climate change.• Produce an adaptation strategy for climate change inArctic territories, based on global experience, and withconsideration for local particularities and the needs <strong>of</strong>the native peoples <strong>of</strong> the North. The strategy mustinclude a system <strong>of</strong> indicators <strong>of</strong> the condition <strong>of</strong> individualspecies and <strong>of</strong> the ecosystem on the whole,the creation <strong>of</strong> a united information network, and thepublication <strong>of</strong> an atlas <strong>of</strong> key biotopes, requiring preservationfor the support <strong>of</strong> biodiversity and functionality<strong>of</strong> marine and coastal ecosystems in the Arctic.• Together with representatives from the businesssphere and interested federal agencies from the executivebranch, prepare:– programs <strong>of</strong> action to minimize the negative impact<strong>of</strong> oil and gas projects on biodiversity in particularlyvulnerable areas <strong>of</strong> the Arctic (in areas <strong>of</strong> stationarypolynas, seabird colonies, marine mammal rookeriesand coastal salt marshes). The development <strong>of</strong> suchprograms must precede exploration, extraction, andlarge-scale transportation <strong>of</strong> hydrocarbons on theArctic seas;– effective legal and economic regulatory mechanismsfor commercial fishing in the Arctic. The capacity<strong>of</strong> the commercial fleet must be adjusted tocorrespond with the existing condition <strong>of</strong> marine bioresources.It is essential to restrict, or entirely haltexploration <strong>of</strong> new marine resources, until a comprehensivestudy <strong>of</strong> the resource base and the impact <strong>of</strong>commercial activity on marine ecosystems has beenconducted; That the Government <strong>of</strong> the Russian Federation giveits support (by including among its budgetary priorities),while the research institutes <strong>of</strong> the RussianAcademy <strong>of</strong> Sciences, the Russian Hydrometeorologyand Environmental Monitoring Agency, and the administrators<strong>of</strong> protected areas, with active involvement <strong>of</strong>the public:• In good time issue alerts <strong>of</strong> man-made violations anddisasters in regions <strong>of</strong> industrial exploration, extraction,and transport <strong>of</strong> oil and gas.• Conduct regular observations <strong>of</strong>– the condition <strong>of</strong> marine mammal and polar bearpopulations;– the migration routes and herd conditions<strong>of</strong> domestic and wild reindeer;– the migration routes and conditions <strong>of</strong> birdsand other animals;– changes in stationary polynas;– changes in vegetation;– breakdown <strong>of</strong> permafrost and coastline erosion.Adaptation to climate change is merely a temporaryobjective for the coming few decades. Theproblem <strong>of</strong> anthropogenic climate change can onlybe solved by radically reducing greenhouse gasemissions. Scientists maintain that, by the year 2050,global greenhouse gas emissions must be cut, at a minimum,to half the levels <strong>of</strong> 1990, and developed countriesmust decrease emissions 60-80% from the levels at theend <strong>of</strong> the 20th century. This is vital, in order to savethe Arctic. It will require the participation and support <strong>of</strong>governments and businesses, as well as understandingand active contribution from every one <strong>of</strong> us.Therefore, the informational campaign, our «Arcticvoice» and a call to swift action is extremely important. That local authorities, together with agencies <strong>of</strong> theMinistry <strong>of</strong> Natural Resources and Ecology and otherdepartments, as well as ecological organizations:• Amidst additional negative effects on species andecosystems stemming from the climate, initiate andbroaden the fight against poaching and strengthensecurity. They must also continue and expand “Bearpatrol” activity. Concrete plans for this work are alreadyoutlined in our brochure.• Rigorously observe rules and restrictions on the use<strong>of</strong> all-terrain equipment in the tundra zone during thesnowless period; assist in the introduction <strong>of</strong> moderntransporation that is not destructive to soil and plantcover, particularly equipment with large, low-pressuretires.WE CALL UPON: Federal, regional, and local authorities, to considerthe data on the consequences <strong>of</strong> climate change whenplanning future activity. Environmental organizations and representatives <strong>of</strong>academic and field sciences, to conduct active expositorywork through the mass media. The mass media, to draw special attention to the problems<strong>of</strong> the Arctic, when addressing questions <strong>of</strong> climatechange on the planet.Our views must be heard in the United Nations, duringpreparation <strong>of</strong> a new international agreement on theproblem <strong>of</strong> climate change, which is suppose to be signedat the end <strong>of</strong> 2009.