Chapter 16 - Solutions

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16.3 Boiling-Point Elevation• The difference in temperature between the boilingpoint of a solution and the boiling point of the puresolvent is the boiling-point elevation.• The same antifreeze added to automobile engines toprevent freeze-ups in winter, protects the engine fromboiling over in summer.16.3• The magnitude of the boiling-point elevation isproportional to the number of solute particlesdissolved in the solvent.• The boiling point of water increases by 0.512°C forevery mole of particles that the solute forms whendissolved in 1000 g of water.• This is called the boiling point elevation constant forwater.32
16.4 Cooking instructions often call for theaddition of a small amount of salt to thecooking water. Dissolved salt elevates theboiling point of water. You will learn how tocalculate the amount the boiling point of thecooking water rises. My favorite “pasta pot” is a 3 qt. stockpot. Igenerally add about ½ tsp. salt to 2 qt. water. Atwhat T will the water boil at standard pressure? 1tsp salt weighs 20 g. The molar mass of NaCl is58.44 g/mol.33
Page 5 and 6: 16.1• A saturated solution contai
Page 7 and 8: 16.1• Some liquids combine in all
Page 9 and 10: 16.1 Factors Affecting Solubility
Page 11 and 12: 16.1• A supersaturated solution c
Page 13 and 14: 16.1◦ Pressure• Changes in pres
Page 15 and 16: 16.2• To make a 0.5-molar (0.5M)
Page 17 and 18: for Sample Problem 16.2A solution h
Page 19 and 20: 16.2• The total number of moles o
Page 21 and 22: 16.2• Finally she carefully adds
Page 23 and 24: 16.2 Percent Solutions◦ What are
Page 25 and 26: A bottle of antiseptic hydrogen per
Page 27 and 28: 16.3◦ Three important colligative
Page 29 and 30: 16.3• Three moles of glucose diss
Page 31: 16.3◦ The magnitude of the freezi
Page 35 and 36: 16.4• To make a 0.500msolution of
Page 37 and 38: 16.4 Freezing-Point Depression and
Page 40 and 41: 16.8for Sample Problem 16.8What is

Chapter 16 - Solutions

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