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26became the first hymnbook ofthe Church, and still remains the backbone of itsordered daily worship: the reading and expounding ofthe Old Testament,stressing the historical character ofthe Christian revelation, was from thebeginning a vital part ofthe ministry ofthe Word.... Therefore some knowledgeand sympathetic understanding ofJewish worship, its awed recognition oftheOne God, and the deep and tender piety ofits saints, is essential to any realunderstanding ofChristian worship.fThe SynagogueJames Garrett, Jr. claims it was the synagogue that "set the pattem for Christianand Muslim worship, as well as the worship which survived the destruction ofthe temple[A.D.70] for Judaism.,,73 Worship in the synagogue was very different from that in thetemple. Having no priestly rituals, it emphasized praise, prayer and instruction. FrankSenn reports that the reading, exposition, and application ofscripture were at the heart ofsynagogue worship.i" O.S. Rankin credits the synagogue service with giving theChristian service its pattem ofpraise-prayer-reading of scripture-homily or sermon.fJesus taught in the synagogue (Luke 4:15-16), and regularly attended services there.John Frame notes that while God gave specific instructions conceming the sacrificialworship ofthe temple, he left the arranging ofthe synagogue services up to the people.i"72 Evelyn Underhill, Worship (New York: Harper & Row, 1936), 194.73 James Leo Garrett, Jr., Systematic Theology: Biblical Historical, and Evangelical, Volume 2(Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1995),590.70-71.74 Frank C. Senn, Christian Liturgy: Catholic & Evangelical (Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1997),75 a.s. Rankin, "The Extent of the Influence of the Synagogue Service Upon Christian Worship,"in Studies in Early Christianity. 18 volumes, Volume 6, Early Christianity and Judaism, ed. EverettFerguson (New York: Garland Publishing, 1993). Rankin observes that this pattern is used in the part ofthe service that is called pro-anaphoral, i.e., the part prior to the Eucharist.76 John M. Frame, Worship in Spirit and Truth (Phillipsburg, NJ: P&R Publishing, 1996),23.