unit (7) organic compounds

2. Halogenation is a reaction between a substance and a halogen (group VIIA) inwhich one or more halogens are incorporated into molecules of a substance.alkane + halogen → halogenated alkane + hydrogen halideCH 4 + Cl 2 → CH 3 Cl + HCl (Light or heat is needed for the reaction.)Nomenclature of Halogenated AlkanesHalogen atoms are called fluoro- (F), chloro- (Cl), bromo- (Br), or iodo- (I).Practice 7-4Draw structural formula for each of the following:a) 2,3-dichloropentane b) 2-bromo-3,4-difluorohexanec) 1,1-diiodocyclobutane d) 1,2-dibromo-3-methylcyclohexaneAnswerCl ClBr F Fa) CH 3 - CH - CH - CH 2 - CH 3b) CH 3 - CH - CH - CH - CH 2 - CH 3Ic) Id)BrBrCH 37.7 Alkenes and AlkynesAlkenes and alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons because their molecules do notcontain the maximum possible number of hydrogen atoms.Alkenes are hydrocarbons that have at least one carbon-carbon double bond (-C=C-).General formula for alkenes: C n H 2nAlkynes are hydrocarbons that have at least one carbon-carbon triple bond (-C≡C-).General formula for alkynes: C n H 2n-27-12