Atoms, Elements, and the Periodic Table - Learning Services Home

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Name Date ClassLaboratory Activity 1 (continued)Hands-On ActivitiesSketch CSketch DSketch EQuestions and Conclusions1. Are any of the sand grains similar to any of the granite fragments? If so, describe them.2. How are salt and sand similar? How are they different?3. Is salt water a compound or a mixture? Explain.4. Is granite a compound or a mixture? Explain.5. Name some mechanical processes used to separate mixtures.Strategy CheckCan you separate components of a mixture?Can you tell the difference between a compound and a mixture?Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.10 Atoms, Elements, and the Periodic Table
Name Date ClassCopyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.2LaboratoryActivityConstructing CompoundsAll elements are made of atoms. Compounds are formed when two or more elements combineto form a different type of matter. A chemical formula is a shortcut chemists take to describe aspecific compound. It tells the numbers and types of atoms that make up a single unit of acompound. You probably already know that the formula for one common compound—water—isH 2 O. The formula for water tells us that a molecule of water has two hydrogen atoms and oneoxygen atom.StrategyYou will build models of different compounds.You will use your models to determine how many atoms of each element are in each molecule.Materialsmodeling clay (red, yellow, and blue)toothpicksProcedure1. Obtain enough clay to make four balls ofeach color. Each clay ball represents oneatom of an element. Blue balls representhydrogen atoms, red balls represent oxygenatoms, and yellow balls represent carbonatoms.2. Using toothpicks to connect your clayatoms as shown Figure 1, construct amodel of each of the following compounds.After you construct each model,fill in the blanks for that compound in thetable in the Data and Observations section.After you finish making the molecules forwater and carbon dioxide, take them apart.Then make the methane molecule.a. H 2 O (water): Connect two hydrogenatoms to one oxygen atom.b. CO 2 (carbon dioxide): Connect twooxygen atoms to one carbon atom.c. CH 4 (methane): Connect four hydrogenatoms to one carbon atom.Figure 1Hands-On ActivitiesAtoms, Elements, and the Periodic Table 11
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