The Human Microbiome - Bioconductor

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Humans as “Super-organisms”Human: 10 13 human cellsHuman: 10 14 bacterial cells• The microorganisms that live on and inside humans (themicrobiota) are estimated to outnumber human somatic andgerm cells by a factor of ten• Together, the genomes of these microbial symbionts providetraits that humans did not need to evolve on their own– Microbiome #1: collection of microbial genes associated with humans– Microbiome #2: collection of microbes within the human biome• We are a genetic and metabolic composite of microbial andhuman cells, leading to the concept of the human superorganism– More than 3,000,000 genes provided by our gut microbiome!
The Human Microbiome Project Peter J. Turnbaugh, Ruth E. Ley, Micah Hamady,Claire M. Fraser-Liggett, Rob Knight & Jeffrey I. GordonNature 449, 804-810(18 October 2007HMP Goals:1. Determining whetherindividuals share a corehuman microbiome2. Understanding whetherchanges in the humanmicrobiome can becorrelated with changes inhuman healthThe core human microbiome (red) is the set of genes present in a givenhabitat in all or the vast majority of humans. Habitat can be defined over arange of scales, from the entire body to a specific surface area, such asthe gut or a region within the gut. The variable human microbiome (blue) isthe set of genes present in a given habitat in a smaller subset of humans.
Page 1 and 2: The Human MicrobiomeDavid N. Fredri
Page 3: Human Genome Project (HGP)• 3.16
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Page 10 and 11: The gut microbiome affects…• Vi
Page 12 and 13: The bacterial 16S rRNA genePresent
Page 14 and 15: Bacterial VaginosisThe most prevale
Page 16 and 17: Schematic for Pyrosequencing Approa
Page 18 and 19: BACTERIAL DIVERSITY - PYROSEQUENCIN
Page 21 and 22: 16S rRNA gene copies/swab16S rRNA g
Page 23 and 24: 16S rRNA gene copies/swabRecurrent
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The Human Microbiome - Bioconductor

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