1. Tribe BAMBUSEAE - China

106POACEAE1. Gaoligongshania megalothyrsa (Handel-Mazzetti) D. Z. Li,Hsueh & N. H. Xia, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 33: 600. 1995.贡 山 竹 gong shan zhuArundinaria megalothyrsa Handel-Mazzetti, Symb. Sin. 7:1270. 1936; Indocalamus megalothyrsus (Handel-Mazzetti) C.S. Chao & C. D. Chu; Monocladus megalothyrsus (Handel-Mazzetti) T. P. Yi; Yushania megalothyrsa (Handel-Mazzetti)T. H. Wen.Culms to 1–3.5(–8) m long, 0.5–1.5 cm in diam.; internodes30–35 cm, initially white powdery, glabrous; wall 3–4mm thick; nodes initially flat, prominent after branching.Culm sheaths persistent, yellow or green-brown, ca. 1/2 as longas internodes, leathery, marginally and abaxially with dense,short, spiny hairs, auricles well developed, purple, falcate; oralsetae erect, yellow, 1–1.2 cm, strong; ligule truncate, 1–2 mm;blade reflexed, margins serrulate, base ca. 1/3 as wide as sheathapex. Leaf sheaths white powdery, densely yellow hispid;auricles purple, falcate; oral setae ca. 1.2 cm; ligule ca. 2 mm;blade oblong-lanceolate, 35–40(–50) × 7.5–9(–10) cm, transverseveins conspicuous, base cuneate, apex long acuminate.Panicles 35–45 cm. Spikelets linear, 2–4 cm. Glumes ca. 6 mm,long mucronate; lemma lanceolate, ca. 8 mm, long mucronate;palea ca. 0.8 mm; lodicules ca. 2 mm. Anthers yellow, ca. 5mm. Ovary oblong. Caryopsis oblong, ca. 1 cm. New shootsApr–May, fl. Oct.● Evergreen broad-leaved forests, sometimes on trunks of oldtrees; 1600–2200 m. NW Yunnan (Gaoligong Shan).20. ACIDOSASA C. D. Chu & C. S. Chao ex P. C. Keng, J. Bamboo Res. 1(2): 31. 1982.Metasasa W. T. Lin.酸 竹 属 suan zhu shuZhu Zhengde ( 朱 政 德 Chu Cheng-de), Yang Guangyao ( 杨 光 耀 ); Chris StapletonShrubby to arborescent bamboos. Rhizomes leptomorph, with running underground stems. Culms diffuse, erect; internodesterete, weakly grooved basally above branches, cavity with spongy pith; nodes weakly prominent. Branch complement 3 at mid-culmnodes, 3–5 at distal nodes. Culm sheaths deciduous, sparsely setose; auricles small or absent, with or without oral setae; blade lanceolateor triangular. Leaves usually medium-sized; auricles small or absent; blade with many secondary veins, transverse veins distinct.Inflorescence ebracteate, semelauctant, a terminal raceme or racemose panicle. Spikelets robust, several to many flowered, longpedicellate. Glumes 2–4; lemma large, many veined, apex acuminate or shortly mucronate. Palea usually shorter than lemma, 2-keeled, veined between keels. Lodicules 3, membranous, usually transparent at margin. Stamens 6; filaments free; anthers yellow.Ovary appendage inconspicuous; style 1; stigmas 3, plumose. New shoots spring–early summer, fl. summer–autumn.About 11 species: China, Vietnam; ten species (all endemic) in China.The generic name Acidosasa and its type, A. chinensis, were previously published by Chu and Chao (J. Nanjing Technol. Coll. Forest Prod.1979(1–2): 142–143. 1979), but not validly so (see Li, Taxon 46: 105–107. 1997).Key based on vegetative features1a. Culm sheath auricles absent.2a. Young culm internodes hairless.3a. Culm sheath sparsely spotted, sparsely shortly hispid; sheath blade short, usually 0.5–1 cm .................. 1. A. breviclavata3b. Culm sheath unspotted, initially densely setose, especially at base; sheath blade long, usually 5–10 cm .... 2. A. purpurea2b. Young culm internodes hispid or pubescent.4a. Leaf ligule strongly prominent, 5–15 mm tall ................................................................................................. 3. A. nanunica4b. Leaf ligule truncate, less than 2 mm tall.5a. Culm internodes initially densely setose, with persistent traces of bristles; apex of culm sheath narrow,about as wide as base of sheath blade; leaf blade broad, usually 2.5–6.5 cm wide, transverse veinsprominent ................................................................................................................................................... 4. A. chinensis5b. Culm internodes apically sparsely setose initially; apex of culm sheath truncate, wider than base ofsheath blade; leaf blade narrow, 1.5–2.5 cm wide, transverse veins not very distinct ............................... 5. A. venusta1b. Culm sheath auricles present.6a. Young culm internodes setose, shortly hispid.7a. Culm sheath with thin, white powder; supra-nodal ridge strongly prominent ...................................... 6. A. lingchuanensis7b. Culm sheath without white powder; supra-nodal ridge weakly prominent .............................................. 7. A. guangxiensis6b. Young culm internodes without hairs.8a. Culm sheath purple spotted or purple striate; ligules of culm sheaths and leaf blades prominent, 4–8 mm ...... 8. A. notata8b. Culm sheath without spots or striae; ligules not prominent.9a. Culm sheath initially green; leaf blade small, 8–18 mm .................................................................... 9. A. chienouensis9b. Culm sheath initially green with purple margins; leaf blade broad, 17–28 mm ......................................... 10. A. edulisKey to fertile material1a. Lemma glabrous.