Modern Spanish Grammar: A Practical Guide

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Other ways of expressing likes and dislikes 58.3 34518.1.4 (p. 85)Me gusta que me regalen flores.I like to be given flowers.Le encanta/fascina que le digan eso.He/she loves to be told that.No le agradaba/gustaba que le pidiera/pidiese dinero.He/she didn’t like being asked for money.Nos agradó mucho que nos visitaran/visitasen.We were very pleased that they visited us.No soporto que me den órdenes.I hate to be ordered around.Odio que te comportes de esa manera.I hate it when you behave like that.
59Expressing surpriseThis chapter considers the concept of surprise and examines the ways in which <strong>Spanish</strong>speakers normally express this idea.To express surprise, <strong>Spanish</strong>, like English, uses a range of expressions. Some of these arefixed words or phrases, others are complete sentences which vary according to context.59.1Set expressions¿Sí?Oh yes?¿De veras?Really?¿Verdad?Really?¡Fíjate (fam.)/ fíjese (pol.)!Imagine!, just think!¡Qué bien!Oh, good!, great!¡No me diga/s!You don’t say!¡Hombre!Good heavens! I never!¡Vaya sorpresa!What a surprise!¡No!No!¡No puede ser!It/that is impossible!¡Qué raro/extraño!How strange!¡Es increíble!It/that’s incredible!346
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ModernSPANISHGrammarSecond Edition
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ModernSPANISHGrammarA practical gui
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ContentsIntroductionGlossaryxviixix
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Contentsvii12.5 ¿Dónde?/¿Adónde
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Contentsix24.2 Estar + past partici
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Contentsxi36.2 Enquiring about a su
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Contentsxiii49 Expressing certainty
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Contentsxv67.2 Suggesting a course
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Note to the Second EditionThe bi-pa
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GlossarySmall capitals indicate tha
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GlossaryxxiIré mañana o pasado.I
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GlossaryxxiiiNo te había visto.I h
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GlossaryTenseTenses are different f
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1Pronunciation and spellingPronunci
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The Spanish alphabet 1.1after other
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The written stress accent 1.5tra-er
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Punctuation 1.6como,cuando, etc.est
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2Gender and genderagreements2.1Masc
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Agreement classes of adjectives 2.6
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Lo2.8El niño no había comido en c
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Number agreement 3.2Some Latin loan
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4The articles4.1Definite articleThe
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Definite article + que and de4.3but
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Use of the plural unos, unas4.6 but
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Adjective position 5.2(c) Santo is
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Adjectives used as nouns 5.4Followi
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For the syntax of comparative const
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Ordinal numbers 7.2noventa 90cien,
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Expressions involving numbers 7.37.
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Subject pronouns 8.1SingularPlural2
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Object pronouns 8.2NOTETi does not
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Reduplicated pronoun structures 8.3
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Usage 9.39.39.3.19.3.2UsageEste cor
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Usage10.2Vuestro, etc., are often u
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11Relative pronounsThere is a fair
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Cuyo (adj.)11.411.4Cuyo (adj.)Cuyo
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¿Cuál? and ¿Qué?/¡Qué!12.212.
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¿Verdad?, ¿no? 12.9No sé por qu
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Cualquiera13.5Alguien ha mentido.So
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14Adverbs14.1Formation of adverbs i
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15Negation 32 (p. 191)15.1NoNo is t
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16Verb formsSection 16.1 gives an o
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The overall pattern 16.116.1.1.3The
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The overall pattern 16.1hemoshabéi
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The overall pattern 16.1cerramoscer
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The overall pattern 16.1Some verbs
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The overall pattern 16.1Poner ‘to
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The overall pattern 16.1(f) Past (i
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Perfect17.217.1.2 Reference to futu
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Preterite17.4(b) Saying politeness.
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Conditional 17.7(c) Saying promises
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Infinitive 17.11El que fuera niño
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Imperative17.13Subiendo por esta ca
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18Use of the subjunctiveSometimes t
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The subjunctive in complements of v
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The subjunctive after conjunctions
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The subjunctive after conjunctions
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The subjunctive in main clauses 18.
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19Sequence of tenseSpanish verb for
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Constructions involving the subjunc
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Llevar + gerund 20.3(c) Expressing
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21Modal auxiliary verbs andexpressi
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Querer 21.4(b) ObligationDebían (d
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22Ser and estar22.1SerSer is used:(
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Estar22.222.2EstarEstar is used:(a)
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Estar22.2Many adjectives can be use
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Reflexive verbs with prepositional
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The passive reflexive 23.923.8The i
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The passive reflexive 24.3Contrast:
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Bringing the object to the front of
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Basic use of prepositions 25.1Favou
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Basic use of prepositions 25.1al ai
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Basic use of prepositions 25.1(f) C
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Basic use of prepositions 25.1desde
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Basic use of prepositions 25.125.1.
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Basic use of prepositions 25.1Para
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Groups of prepositions 25.2sin deci
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26ComplementationBy complementation
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Infinitive complementation 26.2133d
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Infinitive complementation 26.2135e
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Infinitive complementation 26.2137b
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Infinitive complementation 26.2comp
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27ConjunctionsConjunctions are link
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Subordinating conjunctions 27.2Do n
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28Word order28.128.1.1StatementsThe
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Questions 28.2A topic may also be p
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ISocial contact andcommunication st
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MAKING SOCIAL CONTACTS 29.2¿Qué t
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MAKING SOCIAL CONTACTS 29.429.429.4
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MAKING SOCIAL CONTACTS 29.5Adiós.G
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MAKING SOCIAL CONTACTS 29.729.6.3Wi
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MAKING SOCIAL CONTACTS 29.8In Spain
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MAKING SOCIAL CONTACTS 29.829.8.7As
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MAKING SOCIAL CONTACTS 29.9 29.9.2.
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MAKING SOCIAL CONTACTS 29.9Tengo/te
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30Basic strategies forcommunication
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BASIC STRATEGIES FOR COMMUNICATION
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12.9 (p. 51)BASIC STRATEGIES FOR CO
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IIGiving and seeking factualinforma
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ASKING QUESTIONS AND RESPONDING 31.
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NEGATING 32.232.2Limiting the scope
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NEGATING 32.4Ni siquiera nos llamar
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33Reporting33.1Direct and indirect
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REPORTING 33.333.333.3.133.3.1.1 Re
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REPORTING 33.4Yo se lo había dicho
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REPORTING 33.6The use of a reportin
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34Asking and giving personalinforma
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ASKING AND GIVING PERSONAL INFORMAT
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ASKING AND GIVING PERSONAL INFORMAT
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35Identifying people, placesand thi
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36DescribingIn this chapter you wil
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DESCRIBING 36.2Él tenía mucho sen
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DESCRIBING 36.5El niño está grand
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DESCRIBING 36.9To describe the weat
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MAKING COMPARISONS 37.137.1.2 Más
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MAKING COMPARISONS 37.237.1.8Más/m
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MAKING COMPARISONS 37.3(f) Common e
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38Expressing existence andavailabil
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EXPRESSING EXISTENCE AND AVAILABILI
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39Expressing location anddistanceTh
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EXPRESSING LOCATION AND DISTANCE 39
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EXPRESSING POSSESSIVE RELATIONS 40.
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EXPRESSING POSSESSIVE RELATIONS 40.
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41Expressing changesIn English, tra
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EXPRESSING CHANGES 41.3El nuevo cam
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EXPRESSING CHANGES 41.641.6Other wa
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DESCRIBING PROCESSES AND RESULTS 42
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EXPRESSING CAUSE, EFFECT AND PURPOS
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44Expressing knowledgeTo express kn
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Learning or finding out about somet
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Saying whether one remembers someth
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Asking people whether they remember
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Enquiring whether someone has forgo
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Expressing obligation and duty with
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Other ways of expressing obligation
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Expressing needs with regard to one
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Expressing needs in an impersonal w
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Expressing strong need 47.447.3.5Se
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Saying whether something is conside
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Enquiring whether something is cons
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49Expressing certainty anduncertain
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Saying how certain one is of someth
Page 322 and 323: Enquiring about certainty or uncert
Page 324 and 325: Common expressions of supposition 5
Page 326 and 327: 51Expressing conditionsThis chapter
Page 328 and 329: Unfulfilled conditions 51.251.1.5 S
Page 330 and 331: Other conditional expressions 51.35
Page 332 and 333: Other conditional expressions 51.3f
Page 334 and 335: Common expressions of contrast or o
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Page 338 and 339: 53Expressing capability andincapabi
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Page 344 and 345: Giving permission 54.254.1.8 Rogar
Page 346 and 347: 55Asking and giving opinionsThis ch
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Page 350 and 351: Expressing opinions 55.2Creo/creemo
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Page 358: IVExpressing emotional attitudes
Page 361 and 362: EXPRESSING DESIRES AND PREFERENCES
Page 367 and 368: 58Expressing likes and dislikesThis
Page 369 and 370: EXPRESSING LIKES AND DISLIKES 58.25
Page 371: EXPRESSING LIKES AND DISLIKES 58.3M
Page 375 and 376: EXPRESSING SURPRISE 59.2Note that i
Page 377 and 378: EXPRESSING SATISFACTION AND DISSATI
Page 379 and 380: 61Expressing approval anddisapprova
Page 381 and 382: EXPRESSING APPROVAL AND DISAPPROVAL
Page 383 and 384: EXPRESSING HOPE 62.2 62.2.2 62.3H
Page 385 and 386: 63Expressing sympathyTo tell people
Page 387 and 388: EXPRESSING SYMPATHY 63.2Siento much
Page 389 and 390: 64Apologizing and expressingforgive
Page 391 and 392: APOLOGIZING AND EXPRESSING FORGIVEN
Page 393 and 394: EXPRESSING FEAR OR WORRY 65.1No, en
Page 395 and 396: EXPRESSING FEAR OR WORRY 65.1Temía
Page 397 and 398: 66Expressing gratitudeThis chapter
Page 399 and 400: EXPRESSING GRATITUDE 66.266.2Respon
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Page 404 and 405: Giving advice and making suggestion
Page 406 and 407: Asking for advice and suggestions67
Page 408 and 409: 68Making requestsIn this chapter yo
Page 410 and 411: Common expressions of request 68.1
Page 412 and 413: 69Giving directions, instructionsan
Page 414 and 415: Giving instructions 69.269.2Giving
Page 416 and 417: Giving orders 69.369.3.3The future
Page 418 and 419: Making an offer or invitation70.1Va
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20.2 (p. 97); 17.5.2 (p. 76)Enquiri
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71Talking about the presentStatemen
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Talking about permanent and habitua
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Saying how long one has been doing
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Saying how long one has been doing
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Expressing possibility, probability
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Expressing plans and intentions 72.
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Referring to the immediate future 7
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73Talking about the pastThis chapte
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Referring to the immediate past 73.
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Talking about long-lasting past eve
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Talking about past habitual actions
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AppendixATENDER ‘to attend to’
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AppendixGUIAR ‘to guide’ guío
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AppendixSALIR ‘to go out’ salgo
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Index of words and topicsNOTEThe re
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Index of words and topicscientos 7.
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Index of words and topicsdistance 3
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Index of words and topicshelar 16.1
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Index of words and topicsmostrar Ap
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Index of words and topicsposiblemen
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Index of words and topicssentir 16.
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Modern Spanish Grammar: A Practical Guide

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