(121) Ref: Plants Profile for Shepherdia argentea / USDA……: or Silver Buffaloberry is athorny deciduous shrub that is dioecious. Silver buffalo berry <strong>has</strong> silvery leaves, white stems, <strong>and</strong> as it gets older <strong>has</strong>red berries in a wall of thorns.(122) Ref: Southwest Colorado Wildflowers, Geranium: Geranium Fremontii: The plant <strong>has</strong>endured at least eleven scientific name changes: <strong>the</strong> plant was first described <strong>and</strong> named in 1823 by Edwin Jamesafter he saw it (but did not collect a specimen) along <strong>the</strong> South Platte in Colorado in 1820. James named <strong>the</strong> plantGeranium caespitosum <strong>and</strong> it was soon given <strong>the</strong> common name of "James Crane's Bill". In 1847 Augustus Fendlercollected a plant in <strong>the</strong> Santa Fe area along Santa Fe Creek <strong>and</strong> in 1849 Asa Gray described it <strong>and</strong> named itGeranium caespitosum. Somehow ano<strong>the</strong>r specimen collected by Fendler was described, also in 1849, by JohnTorrey who named it Geranium fremontii, "Fremont Crane's Bill".(123) Ref: Chenopodiaceae (Goosefoot Family): < Chenopodiaceae > “The approximately 1300 species ofchenopods worldwide range from annual herbs to trees. Many species have C4 photosyn<strong>the</strong>sis. The flowers are tiny<strong>and</strong> inconspicuous, but some species bear showy masses of fruits. Chenopods are common in deserts <strong>and</strong> especiallyin saline or alkaline soils. Spinach, beets, sugar beets, chard, <strong>and</strong> epazote are members with economic value. Themost common chenopods in our region are several species of Atriplex (saltbush) <strong>and</strong> Chenopodium (goosefoot,pigweed); <strong>the</strong> latter genus contains both native <strong>and</strong> exotic herbs.”(124) Ref: U.S. Corps of Topographical Engineers (Stephen Harriman Long):Scientific Expedition of Major Stephen H. Long: A scientific expedition comm<strong>and</strong>ed by Major Stephen H. Longvisited <strong>the</strong> country, later to become Kansas in <strong>the</strong> years 1819 <strong>and</strong> 1820. The expeditions of Lewis <strong>and</strong> Clark <strong>and</strong>Lieutenant Pike had added much to <strong>the</strong> geographical knowledge of <strong>the</strong> country. The Government evidently believedit was in duty bound to secure as much information as possible concerning <strong>the</strong> extensive regions known asLouisiana, so <strong>the</strong> expedition in <strong>the</strong> interest of <strong>the</strong> scientific features of <strong>the</strong> country was organized <strong>and</strong> sent out. Someo<strong>the</strong>r portions of <strong>the</strong> United States were included in <strong>the</strong> scope of <strong>the</strong> work assigned Major Long, but <strong>the</strong> principlework was done in Louisiana. The country west of <strong>the</strong> Mississippi assigned this expedition for exploration extendedfrom <strong>the</strong> Red River flowing north of Texas to <strong>the</strong> Platte, <strong>and</strong> westward to <strong>the</strong> summit of <strong>the</strong> Rocky Mountains –much of it later included Kansas.(125) Ref: Flora Boreali-Americana: or, <strong>the</strong> Botany of <strong>the</strong> Nor<strong>the</strong>rn Parts of…: (SirWilliam Jackson Hooker – 1840 – Science) “The fruit is as large as a moderately sized cherry, <strong>and</strong> apparently red,hence very nearly resembling <strong>the</strong> Prunus Americana of Marshall <strong>and</strong> Dr. Darlington, ….”(126) Bates was evidently a mid 15-17th century botanist, but no source found.(127) Ref: Wikipedia – The Free Encyclopedia: (Wyoming) is a natural rock formation, a gorge on<strong>the</strong> Sweetwater River a few miles southwest of Independence Rock. The site, significant in <strong>the</strong> history of westernpioneers, was a major l<strong>and</strong>mark on <strong>the</strong> Mormon Trail <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Oregon</strong> Trail although <strong>the</strong> actual route of travel didnot pass through <strong>the</strong> very narrow gorge. Devil’s Gate is a remarkable example of superimposed or antecedentdrainage. The Sweetwater River cuts a narrow 100-meter deep slot through a granite ridge, yet had it flowed lessthan a kilometer to <strong>the</strong> south, it could have bypassed <strong>the</strong> ridge completely. The gorge was cut because <strong>the</strong> l<strong>and</strong>scapewas originally buried by valley sediments. The river cut downward <strong>and</strong> when it hit granite, kept on cutting. It
was a matter of pure chance that <strong>the</strong> river hit <strong>the</strong> buried ridge where it did.(128) Ref: Wikipedia Encyclopedia: (also spelled cornelian) is a reddish-brown mineral which iscommonly used as a semi-precious gemstone. Similar to carnelian is sard, which is generally harder <strong>and</strong> darker.(The difference is not rigidly defined, <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> two names are often used interchangeably.) Both carnelian <strong>and</strong> sardare varieties of <strong>the</strong> silica mineral chalcedony colored by impurities of iron oxide. The color can vary greatly, rangingfrom pale orange to an intense almost-black coloration.(129) Ref: Gallant Duncan Dickenson (1806 – 1869) – Genealogy – Geni: Gallant Duncan Dickenson was born Oct.06, 1806 at Russell, WV, <strong>and</strong> died October 25, 1869 in Snelling, CA.Ref: Bio. Farrar, Frank H. – by John Outcalt (1925): “My fa<strong>the</strong>r, Gallant Duncan Dickenson, was a roamer. He wasreared in Virginia, where he was left an orphan while in his teens, <strong>and</strong> as soon as he was able to shift for himself,returned to Murfreesboro, Tenn., where he was born, <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong>re he married Isabella Mc Creary, also born inMurfreesboro…. He joined a great Caravansary that made Independence its rendezvous. We set out on <strong>the</strong> morningof May 6, 1846, with more than forty wagons of immigrants <strong>and</strong> provisions…. It was October 20 before we reachedour promised l<strong>and</strong>, <strong>and</strong> when we finally pulled up at Johnson’s ranch at <strong>the</strong> foot of <strong>the</strong> Sierra Nevada Mountains….My fa<strong>the</strong>r became connected with several cities in California. He built <strong>the</strong> first brick house in Monterey, which for along time was a show place <strong>and</strong> is still st<strong>and</strong>ing. Moving to Stockton, my fa<strong>the</strong>r erected <strong>the</strong> first hotel in that placewith material shipped around <strong>the</strong> horn. He also built <strong>and</strong> gave <strong>the</strong> Methodist congregation its first church building,<strong>and</strong> became <strong>the</strong> [sic] accolade of Stockton.”(130) Ref: Wikipedia: < Oeno<strong>the</strong>ra> is a genus of about 125 species of annual, biannual <strong>and</strong> perennial herbaceousflowering plants. Common names include evening-primrose, suncups, <strong>and</strong> sundrops.(131) For Torrey, see note (78). Thornton probably refers to John Gerard (1545 – 1612), an early Englishherbalist.(132) Ref: Eurotia lanata Winterfat: “a.k.a. Krascheninnikovia lanata <strong>and</strong> Ceratoides lanata (Youmay find it listed ei<strong>the</strong>r way as <strong>the</strong> botanists cannot agree, o<strong>the</strong>r than to make <strong>life</strong> difficult.) This plant is native allover <strong>the</strong> place. You'll find it thriving in bad spots throughout <strong>the</strong> west. Winter Fat is a 2-3' perennial usually foundgrowing in s<strong>and</strong>y, or clay alkaline soils, usually high in calcium.”(133) No reference source found for .(134) Re: Full text of Zeitschrift für Pflanzenkrankheiten (Periodical for plant diseases): < Diotus lanata> is relatedto Eurotia lanata <strong>and</strong> is a species of winterfat.(135) Ref: Wikipedia - The Free Encyclopedia: “Frederick Traugott Pursh (or Friedrich Traugott Pursch), (February4, 1774 - July 11, 1820) was a German-American botanist. Pursh was born in Grossenhain, Saxony, to <strong>the</strong> nameFriedrich Traugott Pursh. He was educated at Dresden Botanical Gardens, <strong>and</strong> immigrated to <strong>the</strong> United States in1799. From 1802 to 1805 he worked in Philadelphia as <strong>the</strong> botanical manager of <strong>the</strong> extensive gardens of WilliamHamilton, Esq., The Woodl<strong>and</strong>s. By 1805, he was working for
- Page 1 and 2: Don Ubben has been researching the
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