The Digital Fact Book - Quantel

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Introduction to the 20th anniversary editionThe team researching and writing the first edition of the Digital Fact Book back in 1987, whendigital technology represented but occasional islands in the analog sea in which we all swam,could not possibly have imagined what our industry would look like today. Back then, digitalwas going to make the world so simple – fixing all our problems and making our lives easy.But no one could have expected the explosion of choice that digital would bring, nor theunbelievable opportunities that have been brought about by new media channels, the internetand the mighty computer. This kind of explosion – perpetually driven yet further forwardat breakneck speed by an endless stream of digital innovation – is exactly why we still needa Digital Fact Book. Today it’s all about digital content for the whole universe – a worldwhere the knowledge and skills of the traditional ‘broadcasting’ community has cementeda fruitful union with the new wave of ‘all media’ IT-based professionals. The result is a trulyconverged digital world – which is why this edition has ‘converged media’ as its subheading.So what will the next 20 years bring? The team that put this edition together has absolutelyno idea – but my goodness we know it’s going to be good and we’re looking forward to it!What is certain is that we will continue to track its unfolding with further editions of theDigital Fact Book.We hope you find the new edition a useful source of reference in this exciting convergedworld. As ever, we welcome any comments or additions – email us at dfb@quantel.com.Bob Pank7
Abbreviationsbit b kilobit kbbits per second b/s kilobits per second kb/sbyte B kilobyte kBbytes per second B/s kilohertz kHzframes per second f/s megabit Mbgigabits Gb megabyte MBgigabits per second Gb/s megahertz MHzgigabyte GB micro µgigabytes per second GB/s seconds sgigahertz GHz terabit Tbhertz Hz terabyte TBhoursh8
Page 1 and 2: The Digital Fact BookConverged medi
Page 3 and 4: Extract from a letter from Michael
Page 5 and 6: Quantel and digital technologyIn 19
Page 7: 2003 QColor - powerful in-context c
Page 11 and 12: Digital terms0:2:2See: Dual Link100
Page 13 and 14: 13.5 MHzThis is the sampling freque
Page 15 and 16: 3:2 Pull-down (a.k.a. 2:3 Pull-down
Page 17 and 18: 4:2:0A sampling system used to digi
Page 19 and 20: A4KSee Film formats5.1 AudioSee Dis
Page 21 and 22: AActive pictureThe area of a TV fra
Page 23 and 24: AAliasingUndesirable ‘beating’
Page 25 and 26: AArchiveLong-term storage of inform
Page 27 and 28: AAspect ratio1. - of pictures. The
Page 29 and 30: AAVCHDAdvanced Video Codec High Def
Page 31 and 32: BBandwidthThe amount of information
Page 33 and 34: BBit (b)Binary digIT = bitOne mathe
Page 35 and 36: BBroadbandGeneral term referring to
Page 37 and 38: CCamera negative (film)Camera negat
Page 39 and 40: CChrominanceThe colorpart of a tele
Page 41 and 42: CCOFDMCoded Orthogonal Frequency Di
Page 43 and 44: CColor Transform Language (CTL)Colo
Page 45 and 46: CCommon Image Format (CIF)The ITU h
Page 47 and 48: CCompression ratioThe ratio of the
Page 49 and 50: CConsolidationClearing continuous s
Page 51 and 52: CCo-sited samplingThis is a samplin
Page 53 and 54: DD2A VTR standard for digital compo
Page 55 and 56: DatacastingBroadcasting data.See: I
Page 57 and 58: DefragmentationSee FragmentationDDe
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DensityThe density (D) of a film is
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Digital BetacamSee: BetacamDDigital
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DDigital keying and chroma keyingDi
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DD-ILADigital Direct Drive Image Li
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DDitherIn digital television, analo
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DDMD(Texas Instruments Inc.) Digita
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DDown-resDecreasing the size of vid
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DDual linkThe bandwidth of SDI and
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DDVBDigitalVideo Broadcasting,the g
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DTo maximize quality and playing ti
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DDynamic Rounding ®Dynamic Roundin
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EElectronic program guides (EPG)DTV
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EEthernetEthernet is a form of Loca
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Fibre Channel (FC)An integrated set
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Format Width mm Height mmFull Frame
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Flash - double and tripleDouble fla
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FFrame-rate conversionThe process o
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Generation lossThe signal degradati
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Grading (a.k.a. color timing)Gradin
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H.264See: MPEG-4HANAHigh-Definition
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HDShort for HDTV.HHDCAMAssigned D11
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HDR, HDRIHigh Dynamic Range Imaging
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HIPPIHigh performance parallel inte
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HVDHolographic versatile disk - a
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I-frame only (a.k.a. I-only)A video
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Inter-frame (compression)Compressio
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Interpolation (spatial)Defining the
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IP over DVBThe delivery of IP data
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ITU-R BT.601This standard defines t
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JPEG 2000 (.JP2)This is an image co
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Latency (of data)The delay between
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Linear (keying)In linear keying the
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MasterThe master of an edited progr
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MoiréRefers to a distortion that a
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MPEG-2ISO/IEC 13818. A family of in
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MPEG-4ISO/IEC 14496. MPEG-4 covers
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MPEG-21Started in June 2001, workon
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MXFThe Material eXchange Format, SM
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Non drop-frame timecodeTimecode tha
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Offline (editing)A decision-making
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Over samplingSampling information a
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PerfShort for perforations. It is a
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Progressive (scan)Method of scannin
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RAIDRedundant Array of Independent
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Resolution co-existenceTerm coined
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RS 422Not to be confused with 4:2:2
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However, in practice it can be diff
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SDKSoftware Developers Kit. Typical
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Server (file)A storage system that
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SNMPSimple Network Management Proto
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StEMStandard Evaluation Material wa
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StopA ratio of amount of light wher
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2K and 4K2K is a format used in dig
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Sub-pixelA spatial resolution small
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Table 3 (ATSC)Table 3 of the ATSC D
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Technical gradeA technical grade is
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True random accessQuantel term for
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UnicodeUnicode allows computers to
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VC-1VC-1 is a video codec specifica
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VersioningIn recent times demand fo
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VSBVestigial Sideband modulation -
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Windows MediaAudio and video compre
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Y, Cr, CbThe digital luminance and
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‘601’ describes sampling at sta
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Sampling (clock) frequencyThe (cloc
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Perfect results?Today the whole ana
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CameraCamera negativesRush prints v
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White paper - Stereoscopic 3D postS
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As well as these problems, there ar
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Finally, the most important require
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Standards onlineEBU offers many doc
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DirectoryAESThe Audio Engineering S
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Quantel contacts and addressesUKQua
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Compass, Enterprise sQ, eQ, FrameMa
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The Digital Fact Book - Quantel

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