future harv/est - Search CIMMYT repository

80 Weerachai 5., Taweesak P., Tawutchai P. and Kraingsak S.CIM YT for creating on new populations. However, there could be some condition in the grant. Itcould be restricted to some basic study or limited to use by such organization only.2. Hybrid. Each year private will send several entries for yield trial. It is possible that publiccan form population from these hybrids or it can be use as a source population to start inbreeding.The good example is Ki21 which was derived from Pacific#9, KS populations, and some Suwanpopulations.Who is the recipient of developed germplasm is the issue here. Some public organization wouldlike to distribute germplasm exclusively to local companies. This may not be the right approach as itis not an equal pannership or equal opponunity. The germplasm could be given free of charge orcharge the royalty when there is any commercial sale of hybrid with distributed inbreds. The privatewill have to open the record of sale to the germplasm donor.Testing ProgramThere are several cooperative programs at present time. These are:I. Public and private trial. The history of the trial dates back to the time of OPYs vs Hybrids.It was to show superiority of hybrid over Suwan-l in the early 1980. This is limited to governmentorganization and seed company with research in Thailand only. The trial limited to only 3 entries foreach organization. There is no charge for trial and each organization plant the trial as one location.This is a truly cooperative trial.2. DA Regional trial. This is a well organized trial planted in DA research station network.The trial limit to 2 entries from each organization. Anyone can send entry for the trial. There is nocharge for the trial. This could be similar to Seed Board Trial in the Philippines except that there isno charge for the entry.3. KU on farm trial. This is a replicated trial planted in farmer field. It is limited to 2 entriesfrom each organization. Small contribution is requested to cover the cost of travelling expenses.4. TAMNET by FAO and CIMMYT. This is an international trial. It limits to one entry fromeach organization. There is no charge to this trial.The issue in cooperative testing program is the number of entry from each private company andthe cost per entry. In our opinion, the trial should include only entry from private with visiblebreeding program. This is to prevent the Paper Company. Few entries (one or two) should be free ofcharge or a nominal charge. It should be treated as a service to the farmer. Any additional entryshould be charged at high rate. Also, both the private and public sectors should collaborate forconducting of government and CIMMYT yield trials grown on both private and public researchstations.Other Research AreasSome field research is very costly for small research organization to do it effectively. Manypublic organizations already have all equipment and personnel to work on high technology area:• DNA finger printing for various purposes such as genetic purity and registration• Identify new heterotic partner or strengthen the present heterotic pattern• Marker assisted selection• Joint research in biosafety area on transgenic materialsThe issue here is the security of proprietary line information. Public organization should keepconfidential information for each private company. This is very important issue. It can be disclosedonly as required by law or coun.