08Lesson Plan SummariesMaternal Mortality and The Global Health DivideMaternal mortality has been identified as a global crisis and thegreatest health inequity of the Twenty-first century. Ninety-ninepercent of deaths occur in developing countries with more thanhalf in sub-Saharan Africa and almost one-third in South Asia, buteven within industrialized countries there is a disparity betweenmaternal mortality rates for women in different communities. Ahigh maternal death rate indicates not only that a country’s healthcaresystem is inadequate, but also that the fundamental rights tolife and health for women are being violated.Through the lens of the maternal mortality crisis in Somaliland,students will examine the social, economic, and cultural factorsthat contribute to the differences in healthcare — both betweenand within countries, including the United States — and the importanceof maternal health in their own communities.Gender-Based Violence: Challenging ImpunityViolence against women and girls is a global crisis that impactsmost communities regardless of race, class, country, religion, oreconomic status, but it often goes unreported and perpetratorsare rarely brought to justice. Factors such as fear of retribution,shame, stigma, lack of economic resources, inadequate socialservices, and ineffective legal systems impede women and girls’ability to access the legal and social supports they need. As aresult, survivors of violence are left vulnerable to further abusefrom the systems and institutions that are meant to protect them,and the perpetrators are often left unpunished and free to continueperpetrating violence.Students will follow the journey of Fulamatu, a fourteen-year oldrape survivor in Sierra Leone, as she bravely takes a stand andattempts to bring her perpetrator to justice. Through her story,students will examine the culture of impunity that enables genderbasedviolence to flourish, and the impact this issue has on ourown communities. Students will also be challenged to considerthe factors that contribute to violence against women and girls,and how they can contribute to local and international efforts toeradicate it.Education For AllAccess to education is recognized as a basic human right and asignificant factor in breaking the cycle of poverty and improvingquality of life for children, communities, and countries. Despite this,millions of girls and women around the world are disproportionatelydenied the opportunity to attend school and pursue education andtraining outside the home.Students will meet Nhi and Phung, two students in the Room toRead program in Vietnam, and learn about their struggles andsuccesses as they doggedly pursue their education against allthe odds. The activities in the lesson will also engage students ina conversation about the value and meaning of education in theirown lives and the impact of the gender imbalance in education onthe lives of individual girls around the world and our communitiesat home.Breaking The Chains Of Modern Slavery:Sex Trafficking and Intergenerational ProstitutionModern-day slavery is relatively unknown, in part, because itdoes not fit our historic image of slavery, but trafficking of humanbeings is tied with arms dealing as the second largest criminalindustry in the world. Contemporary human slavery can take manyforms, including forced labor, debt bondage, child marriage, andcommercial sexual slavery, and women and children constitutethe vast majority of the estimated two million people sold into sexslavery around the world every year.This lesson will examine the global trafficking crisis through thelens of sexual slavery in Cambodia and intergenerational prostitutionin India. Through this lesson students will learn that there aremore people living in slavery today then at any time in history andconsider the causes and consequences for women and childrenwho are disproportionately victimized by the global commercialsex trade.Women’s Economic EmpowermentWomen and girls play a vital role in the economic prosperity oftheir families, communities, and countries, yet in every part of theworld, women often work longer hours than men, are paid lessfor their work, are at a higher risk of unemployment, and are farmore likely to live in poverty. A growing body of research showsthat enhancing women’s and girl’s economic opportunities playsa critical role in poverty reduction and helps to reduce genderbaseddiscrimination and violence while improving women andgirls’ access to education and civic participation and raising thequality of life for future generations.This lesson will demonstrate how the economic empowerment ofwomen in Kenya and Liberia has improved the lives of the individualwomen and their families and communities for generations to come.Through the activities, students will explore what life is like formillions of people around the world and in the United States whoare struggling to live on two dollars a day, and what choices andsacrifices they would have to make in the same situation. They willalso consider how and why women and girls around the world aredisproportionately affected by extreme poverty and will examine theripple effects of women’s economic empowerment on individuals,families, communities, and societies.
09Film Module SummariesMaternal Mortality in Somaliland (9:45)The module begins in Somaliland — an unrecognized country,populated mainly by nomads, where the average woman todayhas a one-in-twelve chance of dying in childbirth. Joined byactress Diane Lane, Nicholas reconnects with Edna Adan,founder of the Edna Adan Maternity Hospital in Hargeisa. Ednais almost single-handedly revolutionizing the experience ofchildbirth in her country — providing medical care to women whowould otherwise have none, and training a new generation ofmidwives. In Somaliland, the challenges women face in thedeveloping world are starkly apparent: poverty and traditionconspire to undermine a woman’s health, directly threatening herlife, and having a lasting impact on her children’s survival andability to thrive.Gender-Based Violence in Sierra Leone (9:45)The module takes students to Sierra Leone, a country recoveringfrom years of colonial oppression and a terrible civil warand which is still suffering from rampant gender-based violence.Guided by Amie Kandeh, the passionate and dedicated coordinatorof the International Rescue Committee’s Women’s Protectionand Empowerment Program, Nicholas Kristof and actress EvaMendes come face-to-face with the enormous challengeswomen and girls face in a country where rape is practically thenorm — challenges embodied by Fulamatu, a buoyant 14-year-old.When we meet Fulumatu she was raped repeatedly by a familyfriend and local church pastor who is close enough to be officiallyconsidered her uncle. She had risked the shame of telling herparents and the ridicule of her community to break her silenceand press charges against the perpetrator. The outcome is asobering object lesson in the insidious effects of gender-basedviolence, and the urgent need to end impunity for the violators.Education in Vietnam (10:38)This module takes place in Vietnam, where former Microsoftexecutive John Wood’s organization Room to Read is transformingthe lives of the country’s poorest and most vulnerablegirls. Hosted by Bich Thi Vu, Director of Room to Read’s Girl’sEducation Program, Nicholas and actress Gabrielle Union getto know two of the program’s stars and encounter firsthand theincredible obstacles which stand between them and their brightfutures. Still, these girls are almost miraculously undaunted — andfiercely determined to change both their circumstances and thoseof their families. The ripple effect of their education even now ismaking itself felt — and there is no doubt that with a little bit ofhelp, a little encouragement and support, these girls and the tensof millions of others like them in the developing world will be apowerful army for change.Intergenerational Prostitution in India (10:44)This module takes place in the slums of Kolkata, India, whereNicholas Kristoff travels with actress America Ferrera to meetUrmi Basu and to witness the work of her organization, NewLight Foundation. A social worker and an educated, middle-classBengali, Urmi has dedicated her life to stopping the cycle of intergenerationalprostitution in India, where 90 percent of girls bornto sex workers follow in their mother’s footsteps. What keepsUrmi going is girls like Sushmita — and more to the point, womenlike Sushmita’s mother, Shoma, who has lived the utter brutalityand desolation of prostitution every day of her life and desperatelywants a different fate for her daughter. Shoma’s hope for her childis the seed of real and lasting change.Sex Trafficking in Cambodia (10:11)This module takes place in Cambodia, where the perniciousglobal problem of sex trafficking is perhaps at its worst. ActressMeg Ryan joins Nicholas Kristof in Phnom Penh as he catches upwith Somaly Mam — a woman who was herself a child sex slaveand who now has dedicated her life to rescuing and rehabilitatingothers. As Somaly’s story merges and mingles with those of thegirls in her charge, the horrors of sex trafficking are writ large — sotoo is the awesome resilience of the human spirit and the vast,untapped potential that resides in each and every one of theyoung women and children that Somaly’s programs support.Women’s Economic Empowerment in Kenya (10:41)This module takes students along for a visit to Kenya, NicholasKristof and actress Olivia Wilde witness the impact of the economicempowerment of women first-hand. They explore the impact andchallenges of microfinance and the ways it is transforming the livesof women and those around them. We meet Jane Ngoiri, a formersex worker-turned-dressmaker who is now able to send her fourchildren to school. Nicholas and Olivia see for themselves thedramatic and tangible transformation that can be set in motionby a woman with a little bit of money of her own and a systemof support to help her make the best use of her financial andpersonal resources.