renewable energy in zaanstad: from theory to practice - e-harbours

TABLE OF CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................. 4
1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................... 6
2. MUNICIPALITY OF ZAANSTAD ............................................................................................................. 7
2.1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................. 7
2.2 ENERGY POLICY ............................................................................................................................. 7
2.3 ENERGY DEMAND .......................................................................................................................... 8
2.4 VISION AND STRATEGY .................................................................................................................. 9
2.5 BOUNDARIES ............................................................................................................................... 10
3. POTENTIAL OF RENEWABLE ENERGY IN ZAANSTAD ......................................................................... 11
3.1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................... 11
3.2 ENERGY REDUCTION.................................................................................................................... 11
3.3 BIOMASS ................................................................................................................................ 12
3.4 SOLAR ENERGY ............................................................................................................................ 12
3.5 WIND ENERGY ............................................................................................................................. 13
3.6 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY ................................................................................................................ 15
3.7 INFRASTRUCTURE ........................................................................................................................ 16
3.8 CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................................... 18
4. SMART GRIDS ................................................................................................................................ 19
4.1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................... 19
4.2 DISTRIBUTED GENERATION ......................................................................................................... 19
4.3 DEFINITION OF SMART GRIDS ..................................................................................................... 20
4.4 DEMAND RESPONSE ................................................................................................................ 22
4.5 INTEGRATION OF RENEWABLE DISTRIBUTED GENERATION ....................................................... 23
4.6 VIRTUAL POWER PLANT .............................................................................................................. 23
5. SMART GRID PILOT PROJECT: RELOADIT ....................................................................................... 25
5.1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................... 25
5.2 DEFINITION AND OBJECTIVES ...................................................................................................... 25
5.3 PARTNERS ................................................................................................................................ 27
5.4 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS ........................................................................................................ 28
5.5 FUTURE SMART GRID IN ZAANSTAD ........................................................................................... 29
6. RENEWABLE DISTRIBUTED GENERATION IN ZAANSTAD BY 2020: FROM THEORY TO PRACTICE . 31
6.1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................... 31
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